Probabilityr -10- M16/5/MATME/SP1/ENGITZ2/XX Do not write solutions on this page. Section B ‘Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page, [Maximum mark: 43] Ina class of 21 students, 12 own a laptop, 10 own a tablet, and 3 own neither. The following Venn diagram shows the events “own a laptop” and “own a tablet" The values p,q, 7 and s represent numbers of students. laptop 2 tablet (@) (i) Write down the value of p (i) Find the value of ¢ i) Write down the value of r and of s [5] (b) Astudent is selected at random from the class. (i) Write down the probability that this student owns a laptop. (i) Find the probability that this student owns a laptop or a tablet but not both. (4) (This question continues on the following page} L (MI 4r -1t- MIG/SIMATMEISP1/ENGITZ2IXX | Do not write solutions on this page. (Question 8 continued) (c) Two students are randomly selected from the class. Let J. be the event a “student owns a laptop”. (i) Copy and complete the following tree diagram. (Do not write on this page.) First student ‘Second student ne L 20 L = we , 20 L L es SF 21 — Le | (i) Write down the probability that the second student owns a laptop given that the first owns a laptop. (4) i | ll Ith Tum over L — 16EP M1rc L -2- M15/5/MATME/SP1JENG/TZ4UXX Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be supported by working and/or explanations. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given fora correct method, provided this is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all working. Section A Answer all questions in the boxes provided. Working may be cor ied below the lines if necessary. 4. [Maximum mark: 6] A discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution, x 0 1 2 3 3 4 2 X = x) = — POD) 19 i0 10 P (a) Find p (b) Find E(x) 3) 13] Inia=| =n- M15/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX Do not write solutions on this page. 40. [Maximum mark: 15] ‘Ann and Bob play a game where they each have an eight-sided die. Ann's die has three green faces and five red faces; Bob's die has four green faces and four red faces. They take tums rolling their own die and note what colour faces up. The first player to roll green wins. ‘Ann rolls first. Part of a tree diagram of the game is shown below. & Ann's Ist roll Bob's Ist roll Ann’s 2nd roll Bob's 2nd roll Ann's 3rd roll Ann Z wins, Bob ‘Ann wins Ann loses i : ioe _ Be Ee Ann wins Ann loses Bob wins loses ‘Ann loses E (a) _ Find the probability that Ann wins on her first roll 2) ird rots 2x 4x pxqx> ar rd (6) (The probability that Ann wins on her Write down the value of p and of ¢ (ii) The probability that Ann wins on her tenth roll is ae where reQ, keZ Find the value of r and of k (6) (©) _ Find the probability that Ann wins the game, ml L Inui 4 EPIr -2- M15/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ2/XX Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be supported by working and/or explanations. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given for a correct method, provided this is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all working, Section A ‘Answer all questions in the boxes provided. Working may be continued below the lines if necessary. 4. [Maximum mark: 6] Abag contains eight marbles. Three marbles are red and five are blue. Two marbles are drawn from the bag without replacement. (a) Write down the probability that the first marble drawn is red. tt] (b) Complete the following tree diagram. G1 First Marble Second Marble Red Red — Blue Red 3 ms = Bi z lue 4 7 Blue (©) Find the probability that both marbles are blue. Rl TZEPO24 -9- M15/S/MATME/SP ENG/TZ2IXX [Maximum mark: 7] ‘bag contains black and white chips. Rose pays $10 to play a game where she draws a chip from the bag. The following table gives the probability of choosing each colour chip. Outcome black white Probability 04 0.6 Rose gets no money if she draws a white chip, and gets Sk if she draws a black chip. ‘The game is fair. Find the value of k. Turn over=i 7 -S- ‘NI4/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX 3. [Maccimum mark: 7] ‘The following diagram shows a board which is divided into three regions A, B and C. ‘A game consists of a contestant throwing one dart at the board. The probability of hitting each region is given in the following table. Region A B c 5 4 1 ili = ~ = Enbebiy 20 20 20 (a) Find the probability that the dart does not hit the board. BI ‘The contestant scores points as shown in the following table. Region A B C | Does not hit the board Points 0 q 10 3 (b) Given that the game is fair, find the value of g iy ale Ia teer L =10- NI4/SIMATME/SP1/ENG/TZO/XX Do NOT write solutions on this page. SECTION B Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page. 8. [Maximum mark: 15) Adam travels to school by car (C) or by bicycle (B). On any particular day he is equally likely to travel by car or by bicycle. The probability of being late (L) for school is z if he travels by car. ‘The probability of being late for school is ; if he travels by bicycle. This information is represented by the following tree diagram. tos 6 1 a] 2 P LV i L , 3 7B 2 é 7 L (a) Find the value of p 7] (b) Find the probability that Adam will travel by car and be late for school. PI (©) Find the probability that Adam will be late for school. ay (4) Given that Adam is late for school, find the probability that he travelled by car, BI ‘Adam will go to school three times next week, (©) Find the probability that Adam will be late exactly once, ay (Wn 4M14/S/MATME/SPL/ENG/TZ1/XX [Maximum mark: 6] Celeste wishes to hire a taxicab from a company which has a large number of taxicabs. ‘The taxicabs are randomly assigned by the company. The probability that a taxicab is yellow is 0.4. The probability that a taxicab is a Fiat is 0.3 ‘The probability that a taxicab is yellow or a Fiat is 0.6. Find the probability that the taxicab hired by Celeste is not a yellow Fiat. L EPUBcr =10 Do NOT write solutions on this page. 9. [Maximum mark: 14] Bill and Andrea play two games of tennis. The probability that Bill wins the first gam: IEBill wins the first game, the probability that he wins the second game is <. IEBill loses the first game, the probability that he wins the second game is 5. Copy and complete the following tree diagram. (Do not write on this page.) (a) Second Game 8 . 6 ‘Bill wins First Game 2 Bill wins 3 I 6 Andrea wins: Bill wins — > Andrea wins - Andrea wins: Find the probability that Bill wins the first game and Andrea wins the second game. () (©) Find the probability that Bill wins at least one game. (4) Given that Bill wins at least one game, find the probability that he wins both games. A2EP10 L M14/5/MATME/SPI/ENG/TZ1/XX 7 Ble 2) ay (5)r -10- ‘MI3/S/MATME/SP/ENG/TZ1XX, Do NOT write solutions on this page. 9. [Maximum mark: 16] Jar A contains three red marbles and five green marbles. Two marbles are drawn from the jar, one after the other, without replacement, (a) Find the probability that (none of the marbles are green; (ii) exactly one marble is green. [5 marks} (b) Find the expected number of green marbles drawn from the jar. 3 marks] Jar B contains six red marbles and two green marbles. A fair six-sided die is tossed. If the score is 1 or 2, a marble is drawn from jar A. Otherwise, a marble is drawn from jar B. (©) @ Write down the probability that the marble is drawn from jar B. ii) Given that the marble was drawn from jar B, write down the probability = that itis red. [2marks] |: (@) Given that the marble is red, find the probability that it was drawn from jar A. [6 marks] - i ubr =12- ‘MI3/S/MATME/SP/ENG/TZ2/XX Do NOT write solutions on this page. SECTION B “Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page. 8 [Maximum mark: 15] ‘A running, club organizes a race to select girls to represent the club in a competition. “The times taken by the group of girls to complete the race are shown in the table below. Time t | ig1)=0.5. x 0 1 2 3 pa=)| pe | 4 02 (@) Find the value of r. 4, find the value of p and of g. 0616Do NOT write solutions on this page. [Maximum mark: 14] Bag A contains three white balls and four red balls. ‘Two balls are chosen at random without replacement. (a) (Copy and complete the following tree diagram. (Do not write on this page.) 2 White 6 3 White’ Z Red White 7 7 Red Red (ii) Find the probability that two white balls are chosen. Bag B contains four white balls and three red balls. When two balls are chosen at random without replacement from bag B, the probability that they are both white is 2 . standard die is rolled. If 1 or 2 is obtained, two balls are chosen without replacement from bag A, otherwise they are chosen from bag B. (0) Find the probability that the wo balls are white. (©) Given that both balls are white, find the probability that they were chosen from bag A. L 1316 -B- MI2/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ2/XX. [5 marks] [5 marks} 4 marks] ‘Turn overr 3. -4- NII/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZO/XX | [Maximum mark: 6] A box contains six red marbles and two blue marbles. Anna selects a marble from the box. She replaces the marble and then selects a second marble. (a) Write down the probability that the first marble Anna selects is red. [1 mark] (b) Find the probability that Anna selects two red marbles. 2 marks] (©) Find the probability that one marble is red and one marble is blue. [3 marks]4 -6- NII/S/MATME/SPV/ENG/TZ0/XX, [Maximum mark: 6] ‘The random variable X has the following probability distribution. x 1 2 3 PO Given that E(X)=1.7, find q.4 NII/S/MATME/SPUENG/TZO/XX, [Maximum mark: 8] Let Say=Le +48, where ke Z (a) Find the values of & such that f(x) =0 has two equal roots. [4 marks] (b) Each value of & is equally likely for -50. (a) Write down P(X =2). [1 mark] () Show that k=3. [4 marks] (© Find E(x). [2 marks] tL se _! 0512r -9- MII/S/MATMEISPI/ENGITZUXX Do NOT write solutions on this page. Any working on this page will NOT be marked. SECTION B Answer all questions on the answer sheets provided. Please start each question on a new page. 8 (Maximum mark: 13] In a group of 16 students, 12 take art and 8 take music, One student takes neither art nor music, The Venn diagram below shows the events art and music. The values p,q. and s represent numbers of students. art music (@) @ Write down the value of s. (ii) Find the value of g. (iii) Write down the value of p and of r [5 marks] (b) (i) A student is selected at random. Given that the student takes music, write down the probability the student takes art (ii) Hence, show that taking music and taking art are not independent events. [4 marks] (©) Two students are selected at random, one after the other. Find the probability that the first student takes only music and the second student takes only art. [4 marks] nw 7i -3- MLI/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ2/XX 2. [Maximum mark: 6] ‘The Venn diagram below shows events A and B where P(A)=0.3, P(AUB)=0.6 and P(AMB)=0.1. The values m,n, p and q are probabilities. » q (a) (@— Write down the value of 1, (ii) Find the value of m, of p, and of q. [4 marks] () Find P(B). [2 marks] mM se =l-5- ‘NI0/S/MATME/SP/ENG/TZO/XX 4. [Maximum mark: 7] ‘The diagram below shows the probabilities for events 4 and B, with P(4’)~ p+ L B 4 1 4 3 > : 4 3 B P a 3 . 7 B (@) Write down the value of p. [1 mark] (®) Find P(B). [3 marks] (©) Find P(4‘/B) 3 marks] 810-7301 Turn over~6- MIO/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX 5. [Maximum mark: 6] Consider the events A and B, where P(A) =0.5, P(B)=0.7 and P(AMB)=03. The Venn diagram below shows the events 4 and B, and the probabilities p, q and r. 4 B (@)_ Write down the value of @O PB @ a Gili) r. [3 marks] (b) Find the value of P(A|B’). 2 marks] (©) Hence, or otherwise, show that the events 4 and B are not independent. [1 mark] 2210-7303 0611=10- MIO/SIMATME/SPL/ENG/TZ2/XX+ Do NOT write on this page. 9. [Maximum mark: 14] José travels to school on a bus, On any day, the probability that José will miss the bus is, ; the misses his bus the probability that he wil be ate or schoo is z If he does not miss his bus, the probability that he will be late is Let E be the even “he misses his bus” and F the event “he is late for schoo!” ‘The information above is shown on the following tree diagram. 1 F 1 i — 8 Fe 3 F 2 3 e 3 8 a (a) Find @ PENF); (i) P@) [4 marks] (b) Find the probability that (i) José misses his bus and is not late for school; (ii) José missed his bus, given that he is late for school. [5 marks] ‘The cost for each day that José catches the bus is 3 euros. José goes to school on Monday and Tuesday. (©) Copy and complete the probability distribution table. [3 marks] X (cost in euros) 0 3 6 P. L ad 9 (@)__ Find the expected cost for José for both days. [2 marks] a it 10115 1NO9/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZO/XX+ 3. [Maximum mark: 6] Let X be normally distributed with mean 100 em and standard deviation 5 cm. (@) On the diagram below, shade the region representing P(X > 105). [2 marks] () Given that P(X 105), find the value of d. [2 marks] (©) Given that P(X > 105) = 0.16 (correct to two significant figures), find P(d < X<105). [2 marks] ws HAM se 0513<= NO9/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX+ Do NOT write on this page. SECTION B Answer all the questions on the answer sheets provided. Please start each question on a new page. 8, [Maximum mark: 12] Ina class of 100 boys, 55 boys play football and 75 boys play rugby. Each boy must play at least one sport from football and rugby. (a) (Find the number of boys who play both sports. (ii) Write down the number of boys who play only rugby. [3 marks] (b) One boy is selected at random. (Find the probability that he plays only one sport. (i) Given that the boy selected plays only one sport, find the probability that he plays rugby. [4 marks] Let A be the event that a boy plays football and B be the event that a boy plays rugby. (©) Explain why A and B are not mutually exclusive 2 marks] (4) Show that A and B are not independent. [3 marks] Turn over a AUN 113-3 ‘MO09/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ1XX 2. [Maximum mark: 6] ‘The letters of the word PROBABILITY are written on 11 cards as shown below. [P| R op) alB\r)L) rir ly] Two cards are drawn at random without replacement. Let A be the event the first card drawn is the letter A. Let B be the event the second card drawn is the letter B, (@) Find P(A) [1 mark] (b) Find P(B| A). 22 marks] (©) Find P(ANB). [3 marks] ‘Turn over pens WL 0311Do NOT write on this page. -10- M09/5/MATME/SP /ENG/TZ2/XX SECTION B Answer all the questions on the answer sheets provided. Please start each question on a new page. 9. [Maximum mark: 12] ‘Two boxes contain numbered cards as shown below. ‘Two cards are drawn at random, one from each box. (a) Copy and complete the table bel low to show all nine equally likely outcomes. 3,9 3,10 3,10 Let S be the sum of the numbers on the two cards, (b) Write down all the possible values of S. (©) Find the probability of each value of S. (@) Find the expected value of S, (©) Anna plays a game where she wins $50 if is even and loses $30 if S is odd. ‘Anna plays the game 36 times. Find the amount she expects to have at the end of the 36 games. 2200-7305 wn [2 marks} [2 marks] 22 marks] BB marks} [3 marks]-u- MO8/5/MATME/SP/ENG/TZ1XX+ 10. (Maximum mark: 16] A four-sided dic has three blue faces and one red face. The die is rolled. Let B be the event a blue face lands down, and R be the event a red face lands down. (@) Write down, qi) PCB); Gi) PR) [2 marks] (b) If the blue face lands down, the die is not rolled again. If the red face lands down, the die is rolled once again. This is represented by the following tree diagram, where p, st are probabilities. B Find the value of p, of s and of ¢ [2 marks] Guiseppi plays a game where he rolls the die. If'a blue face lands down, he scores 2 and is finished. If the red face lands down, he scores | and rolls one more time. Let X be the total score obtained. (©) @_— Show that P(X =3)= (ii) Find P(X =2) [3 marks] (@ (i) Construct a probability distribution table for X. (ii) Calculate the expected value of X. [5 marks] (©) If the total score is 3, Guiseppi wins $ 10. If the total score is 2, Guiseppi gets nothing. Guiseppi plays the game twice. Find the probability that he wins exactly $10. [4 marks] Penns HAL mt-T- MO8/S/MATME/SP I/ENG/TZ2/XX 6. [Maximum mark: 7] There are 20 students in a classroom. Each student plays only one sport. The table. below gives their sport and gender. . Football Tennis Hockey Female 5 3 3 Male 4 2 3 (@) One student is selected at random. (Calculate the probability that the student is a male or is a tennis player. (i) Given that the student selected is female, calculate the probability that the student does not play football. [4 marks] (b) Two students are selected at random. Calculate the probability that neither student plays football. [3 marks] seats il it Turn over O710-3- ‘MO7/S/MATME/SP/ENG/TZ1XX 2, Consider the events A and B, where P=3, pe@y=4 and P(AUB)= (@) Write down P(B). (0) Find PAN). (©) Find P(4|B). 2207-7303 ‘Turn over== MO7/S/MATME/SP1/ENGITZUXX 10. The heights of boys at a particular school follow a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 5 cm. The probability of a boy being shorter than 153 cm is 0.705 (@) Calculate the mean height of the boys. (b) Find the probability of boy being taller than 156 cm 2207-7305 ‘Turn over~9- ‘MO7/S/MATMEY/SP 1/ENG/TZ2/XX 8. The weights of a group of children are normally distributed with a mean of 22.5 kg and a standard deviation of 2.2 kg (@) Write down the probability that a child selected at random has a weight more than 25.8 kg, (6) Of the group 95 % weigh less than k kilograms. Find the value of k. (©) The diagram below shows a normal curve. On the diagram, shade the region that represents the following inform: 87 % of the children weigh less than 25 kg sv HNL suo 0916‘MO7/S/MATME/SPV/ENG/TZ2/XX ‘Turn over = The eye colour of 97 students is recorded in the chart below. Brown Biue Green Male 21 16 9 Female 19 19 3 ‘One student is selected at random. (@) Write down the probability that the student is a male. (b) Write down the probability that the student has green eyes, given that the student is a female. (©) Find the probability that the student has green eyes or is male. 2207-7308 0516as ens I 0316 -3- ‘MO6/S/MATME/SP I/ENGITZ/XX+ Let A and B be independent events such that P(A)=0.3 and P(B)=0.8. (@) Find PCAN). () Find PAU) (©) Are A and B mutually exclusive? Justify your answer. Turn over-5 MO06/S/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ1UXX+ 4. The heights of a group of students are normally distributed with a mean of 160 cm and a standard deviation of 20 om. (@) Astudent is chosen at random. Find the probability that the student’s height is greater than 180 em. (6) Inthis group of students, 11.9 % have heights less than d cm. Find the value of d. so sl H sumo 0516~6- MO06/5/MATME/SP /ENGITZ2/XX, 5. The probability distribution of the discrete random variable X is given by the following table. x 1 2 3 4 5 P(x=x) | 04 P 02 | 007 | 002 (2) Find the value of p. (b) Calculate the expected value of X. 2206-7308 0616-13- MO6/5/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ2/XX, 12. Inaclass, 40 students take chemistry only, 30 take physics only, 20 take both chemistry and physics, and 60 take neither. (@) Find the probability that a student takes physics given that the student takes chemistry. (®) Find the probability that a student takes physics given that the student does not take chemistry. (©) State whether the events “taking chemistry” and “taking physics” are mutually exclusive, independent, or neither. Justify your answer. Turn over oe wn