Geometry

Geometry is all about shapes and their properties.

If you like playing with objects, or like drawing, then geometry is for you!

Geometry can be divided into:

plane Plane Geometry is about flat shapes like lines, circles and triangles ...
shapes that can be drawn on a piece of paper

Solid Geometry is about three dimensional objects like cubes, prisms,

cylinders and spheres.

Hint: Try drawing some of the shapes and angles as you learn ... it helps.

Point, Line, Plane and Solid

A Point has no dimensions , only position
A Line is one-dimensional
A Plane is two dimensional (2D)
A Solid is three-dimensional (3D)
0 1 2 3
Dimensions
Why?
Why do we do Geometry? To discover patterns, find areas, volumes, lengths and angles, and better
understand the world around us.

Plane Geometry
Plane Geometry is all about shapes on a flat surface (like on an endless piece of paper).

2D Shapes

Activity: Sorting Shapes

Triangles

Right Angled Triangles

Interactive Triangles

Quadrilaterals (Rhombus, Parallelogram, etc)

Rectangle , Rhombus , Square , Parallelogram , Trapezoid and Kite

Interactive Quadrilaterals

Parallelogram In Any Quadrilateral

Paper Sizes

Shapes Freeplay

Perimeter

Area

Area of Plane Shapes

Area Calculation Tool

Area of Polygon by Drawing

 Activity: Garden Area

General Drawing Tool

Square Calculator and Rectangle Calculator

Polygons

A Polygon is a 2-dimensional shape made of straight lines. Triangles and Rectangles are polygons.

Here are some more:

Pentagon Pentagram Hexagon

Properties of Regular Polygons

Diagonals of Polygons

Interactive Polygons

The Circle

Circle

Pi

Circle Area by Lines

Circle Sector and Segment

Circle Area by Sectors

Activity: Dropping a Coin onto a Grid

Arc
 Annulus

Circle Theorems (Advanced Topic)

Symbols

There are many special symbols used in Geometry. Here is a short reference for you:

Geometric Symbols

Congruent and Similar

Congruent Shapes

Similar Shapes

Angles

Types of Angles

acute right obtuse straight reflex full

rotation

Acute Angles Right Angles Obtuse Angles Straight Angle Reflex Angles Full Rotation

Degrees (Angle)

Radians
Angles Around a Point

Angles on a Straight Line

Congruent Angles

Parallel Lines and Pairs of Angles

Interior Angles
Transversal
Exterior Angles
 Adjacent Angles
Interior Angles of Polygons
A Triangle Has 180°
Exterior Angles of Polygons

Supplementary Angles

Complementary Angles

Using Drafting Tools

Geometric Constructions

Using the Protractor

Using the Drafting Triangle and Ruler

Using a Ruler and Compass

Transformations and Symmetry

Transformations :

Rotation

Reflection

Translation

Resizing

Symmetry :

Reflection Symmetry

Rotational Symmetry

Point Symmetry
 Lines of Symmetry of Plane Shapes

Symmetry Artist

Activity: Symmetry of Shapes

Activity: Make a Mandala

Activity: Coloring (The Four Color Theorem)

Tessellations

Tessellation Artist

Coordinates

Cartesian Coordinates

Interactive Cartesian Coordinates

Hit the Coordinate Game

More Advanced Topics in Plane Geometry

Pythagoras

Pythagoras' Theorem
c
Pythagorean Triples
a

Conic Sections
 Set of all points

Conic Sections

Eccentricity

Ellipse

Parabola

Hyperbola

Circle Theorems t
gen
n t
Ta can
Circle Theorems Se rd
Cho
t er
Tangent and Secant Lines Diame
Ra
Intersecting Secants Theorem diu
s
Ar
Intersecting Chords Theorem c

Angle of Intersecting Secants Theorem

Trigonometry
Trigonometry is a special subject of its own, so you
e
might like to visit:
nus
pote
Introduction to Trigonometry H y
Opposite
Trigonometry Index θ

Adjacent

Solid Geometry
Solid Geometry is the geometry of three-dimensional space - the kind of space we live in ...
 ... let us start with some of the simplest shapes:

Common 3D Shapes

Polyhedra and Non-Polyhedra

There are two main types of solids, "Polyhedra", and "Non-Polyhedra":

Polyhedra (they must have flat faces):

Cubes and
Cuboids (Volume
of a Cuboid)

Platonic Solids

Prisms

Pyramids

Non-Polyhedra (when any surface is not flat):

Sphere Torus

Cylinder Cone

Polyhedron Models

Volume and Area of a Sphere Calculator

Cross Sections

Triangle Centers

Vertices, Faces, and Edges

Cone vs Sphere vs Cylinder

Pyramid vs Cone

Prism vs Cylinder

Volume of Horizontal Cylinder

Euler's Theorem

Pythagoras in 3D

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