ESP8266 Architecture

ESP8266 offers a complete and self-contained Wi-Fi networking solution, allowing it to either host the application or to
offload all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor.
When ESP8266 hosts the application, and when it is the only application processor in the device, it is able to boot up
directly from an external flash. It has integrated cache to improve the performance of the system in such applications,
and to minimize the memory requirements.
Alternately, serving as a Wi-Fi adapter, wireless internet access can be added to any microcontroller-based design with
simple connectivity through UART interface or the CPU AHB bridge interface.
ESP8266 on-board processing and storage capabilities allow it to be integrated with the sensors and other application
specific devices through its GPIOs with minimal development up-front and minimal loading during runtime. With its high
degree of on-chip integration, which includes the antenna switch balun, power management converters, it requires
minimal external circuitry, and the entire solution, including front-end module, is designed to occupy minimal PCB area.
Sophisticated system-level features include fast sleep/wake context switching for energy-efficient VoIP, adaptive radio
biasing for low-power operation, advance signal processing, and spur cancellation and radio co-existence features for
common cellular, Bluetooth, DDR, LVDS, LCD interference mitigation.
Go shopping ESP8266 Serial WIFI Module(IM140905002)

Features
 802.11 b/g/n protocol
 Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), soft-AP
 Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
 Integrated TR switch, balloon, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
 Integrated PLL, regulators, and power management units
 +19.5dBm output power in 802.11b mode
 Integrated temperature sensor
 Supports antenna diversity
 Power down leakage current of < 10uA
 Integrated low power 32-bit CPU could be used as application processor
 SDIO 2.0, SPI, UART
 STBC, 1×1 MIMO, 2×1 MIMO
 A-MPDU & A-MSDU aggregation & 0.4s guard interval
 Wake up and transmit packets in < 2ms
 Standby power consumption of < 1.0mW (DTIM3)

Electronic Characteristics
1. Current Consumption
The following current consumption is based on 3.3V supply, and 25℃ ambient, using internal regulators. Measurements
are done at antenna port without SAW filter. All the transmitter’s measurements are based on 90% duty cycle,
continuous transmit mode.

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 Mode Min Typ Max Unit

Transmit 802.11b, CCK 1Mbps, POUT=+19.5dBm 215 mA

Transmit 802.11b, CCK 11Mbps, POUT=+18.5dBm 197 mA

Transmit 802.11g, OFDM 54Mbps, POUT =+16dBm 145 mA

Transmit 802.11n, MCS7, POUT=+14dBm 135 mA

Receive 802.11b, packet length=1024 byte, -80dBm 60 mA

Receive 802.11g, packet length=1024 byte, -70dBm 60 mA

Receive 802.11n, packet length=1024 byte, -65dBm 62 mA

Standby 0.9 mA

Deep sleep 10 uA

Power save mode DTIM 1 1.2 mA

Power save mode DTIM 3 0.86 mA

Total shutdown 0.5 uA

2. RF Performance
The following are measured under room temperature conditions with 3.3V and 1.1V power supplies.

Description Min Typical Max Unit

Input frequency 2412 2484 MHz

Input impedance 50 Ω

Input reflection -10 dB

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Output power of PA for 72.2Mbps 14 15 16 dBm

Output power of PA for 11b mode 17.5 18.5 19.5 dBm

Sensitivity

CCK, 1Mbps -98 dBm

CCK, 11Mbps -91 dBm

6Mbps (1/2 BPSK) -93 dBm

54Mbps (3/4 64-QAM) -75 dBm

HT20, MCS7 (65Mbps, 72.2Mbps) -71 dBm

Hardware

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Schematic

Application Notes
 Smart power plugs
 Home automation
 Mesh network
 Industrial wireless control
 Baby monitors

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 IP Cameras
 Sensor networks
 Wearable electronics
 Wi-Fi location-aware devices
 Security ID tags
 Wi-Fi position system beacons

AT Commands
Format

 Baud rate at 57600

 x is the commands

(Click the picture to zoom in)

Set Inquiry Test Execute

AT+<x>=<…> AT+<x>? AT+<x>=? AT+<x>

AT+CWMODE=<mode> AT+CWMODE? AT+CWMODE=? -

Set the network mode Check current mode Return which modes supported -

Commands

 carefully there are must be no any spaces between the " and IP address or port

Comma Descrip
Type Set/Execute Inquiry test Parameters and Examples
nds tion

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Comma Descrip
Type Set/Execute Inquiry test Parameters and Examples
nds tion

general
AT basic - - - -
test

restart the
AT+RST basic - - - -
module

check
AT+GMR firmware basic - - - -
version

1= Sta, 2= AP, 3=both, Sta is the

AT+CWM AT+CWMODE=< AT+CWMO AT+CWMO
wifi mode wifi default mode of router, AP is a
ODE mode> DE? DE=?
normal mode for devices

AT+CWJA AT+ CWJAP AT+

join the AP wifi - ssid = ssid, pwd = wifi password
P =<ssid>,< pwd > CWJAP?

AT+CWLA
list the AP wifi AT+CWLAP
P

AT+CWQA AT+CWQAP
quit the AP wifi AT+CWQAP -
P =?

ssid, pwd, chl = channel, ecn =

encryption; eg. Connect to your
set the AT+ CWSAP=
AT+ AT+ router:
parameter wifi <ssid>,<pwd>,<c
CWSAP CWSAP? AT+CWJAP="www.electrodragon.c
s of AP hl>, <ecn>
om","helloworld"; and check if
connected: AT+CWJAP?

check join
AT+CWLIF wifi AT+CWLIF - -
devices' IP

AT+ get the

<id>,<type>,<addr>,<port>,<tetype
CIPSTATU connection TCP/IP AT+ CIPSTATUS
>= client or server mode
S status

1)single
connection
(+CIPMUX=0) id = 0-4, type = TCP/UDP, addr = IP
AT+CIPSTART= address, port= port; eg. Connect to
set up
<type>,<addr>,< another TCP server, set multiple
AT+CIPST TCP or AT+CIPSTA
TCP/IP port>; 2) multiple - connection first: AT+CIPMUX=1;
ART UDP RT=?
connection connect:
connection
(+CIPMUX=1) AT+CIPSTART=4,"TCP","X1.X2.X3
AT+CIPSTART= .X4",9999
<id><type>,<addr
>, <port>

set data
AT+CIPM AT+CIPMODE=< AT+CIPSE 0 not data mode, 1 data mode;
transmissi TCP/IP
ODE mode> ND? return "Link is builded"
on mode

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Comma Descrip
Type Set/Execute Inquiry test Parameters and Examples
nds tion

1)single
connection(+CIP
MUX=0)
AT+CIPSEND=<l
AT+CIPSE ength>; 2) AT+CIPSEN eg. send data: AT+CIPSEND=4,15
send data TCP/IP
ND multiple D=? and then enter the data.
connection
(+CIPMUX=1)
AT+CIPSEND=
<id>,<length>

close TCP AT+CIPCLOSE=

AT+CIPCL AT+CIPCLO
or UDP TCP/IP <id> or
OSE SE=?
connection AT+CIPCLOSE

Get IP AT+
AT+CIFSR TCP/IP AT+CIFSR
address CIFSR=?

AT+
AT+ set mutiple AT+ 0 for single connection 1 for multiple
TCP/IP CIPMUX=<mode
CIPMUX connection CIPMUX? connection
>

mode 0 to close server mode, mode

1 to open; port = port; eg. turn on as
AT+ AT+
set as a TCP server:
CIPSERVE TCP/IP CIPSERVER=
server AT+CIPSERVER=1,8888, check
R <mode>[,<port> ]
the self server IP address:
AT+CIFSR=?

Set the <time>0~28

AT+ AT+CIPSTO=
server AT+CIPSTO? 800 in
CIPSTO <time>
timeout second

For Single Connection

mode(CIPMUX=0): + IPD, <len>:
received
+IPD For Multi Connection
data
mode(CIPMUX=1): + IPD, <id>,
<len>: <data>

Download
 File:0a-esp8266ex_datasheet_en.pdf
 File:esp8266_at_instruction_set_en_v1.5.4_0.pdf
 File:ESP8266 Specifications(Chinese).pdf
 File:ESP8266_AT_Commands_Chinese.pdf

Instruction
Upgrading ESP8266 Firmware
How to upgrade ESP8266 firmware?

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We use NodeMCU flasher here, the download links:

 English version: https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher

Note: use nodemcu flasher to flash Firmware to ESP8266, its default firmware is Lau language. If you want to
flash AT Commands firmware, go to ESP8266 forum to get one.

 Chinese version: File:ESP8266Flasher-x86-v0.9.2.3.zip

1. Connect your ESP8266 module as follows:

 Vcc = 3.3V (needs around 300-400mA peak)

 Gnd = -ve ground
 CH_PD = Chip enable so always +ve
 RST = Leave floating or ground to reset
 GPIO0 = Normally floating but this needs to be grounded when you start the update.
 GPIO2 = high level
 UTXD = Tx data connect to RX on FTDI/Serial interface
 URXD = Rx data connect to TX of FTDI/Serial interface
English Version: Please refer to the NodeMCU flasher user guide.
Chinese Version: Please see the next step below
2. Open the software, choose the right COM and click the button that is circled in the following picture. When a tick
appears in the bottom-left corner, it suggests that the firmware upgrade successfully.
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