Scribd
Upload
347 views4 pages

Fault Loop Impedance Calculation: Example

The document describes a fault loop impedance calculation for a transmission line. Voltage and current samples from Table 1 at time 9ms are used to calculate a measured resistance of 2.125 Ω and reactance of 39.371 mH. This gives a calculated impedance of 12.369 Ω, which falls in the relay's zone 2 setting of 12-18 Ω, so zone 2 will be activated.

Uploaded by

bilawal shakir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
347 views4 pages

Fault Loop Impedance Calculation: Example

The document describes a fault loop impedance calculation for a transmission line. Voltage and current samples from Table 1 at time 9ms are used to calculate a measured resistance of 2.125 Ω and reactance of 39.371 mH. This gives a calculated impedance of 12.369 Ω, which falls in the relay's zone 2 setting of 12-18 Ω, so zone 2 will be activated.

Uploaded by

bilawal shakir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Example Fault loop impedance calculation

A numerical distance relay protects a transmission line having an


impedance of (1.5 + j15)Ω. Voltage and current values sampled after a
fault inception are given in Table 1. Calculate the measured resistance
and reactance values at time 9ms and establish which protection zone
of the relay will be activated.
n Time Voltage Current
(ms) signal - vr(n) signal - ir(n)
Assume conventional distance protection [V] [A]

setting principles. 1 5 -2980.04 -1199.49


2 5.5 -643.61 -1190.20
3 6 1708.67 -1151.61
4 6.5 4018.88 -1084.66
5 7 6230.13 -991.00
6 7.5 8287.97 -872.94
7 8 10141.73 -733.39
8 8.5 11745.78 -575.78
9 9 13060.60 -403.99
10 9.5 14053.82 -222.25
Table 1. Voltage and current samples 11 10 14701.00 -35.04
n Time Voltage Current
(ms) signal - vr(n) signal - ir(n)
[V] [A]
Fault loop impedance calculation 1 5 -2980.04 -1199.49

vr1ir 2  vr 2ir1
2 5.5 -643.61 -1190.20

R 3
4 6.5
6 1708.67
4018.88
-1151.61
-1084.66
D (vr 2 , ir 2 ) 5 7 6230.13 -991.00

vr 2ir1  vr1ir 2 6 7.5 8287.97 -872.94


L 7 8 10141.73 -733.39
D 8 8.5 11745.78 -575.78

(vr1 , ir1 ) 9 9 13060.60 -403.99


where D  ir1ir 2  ir 2ir1 10 9.5 14053.82 -222.25
11 10 14701.00 -35.04

ir ( n 1)  ir ( n 1) ir (10)  ir (8)  222.25  (575.78) A


ir1 '    3
 353530
2T 2T 2  0.5 10 s
ir ( 6)  ir ( 4)  872.94  (1084.66) A
ir 2 '   3
 211720
2T 2  0.5 10 s
A2
D  ir1ir 2  ir 2ir1  ir (9 )  ir 2  ir (5)  ir1  403.99  211720  (991)  353530  264.815  10 6

s
n Time Voltage Current
(ms) signal - vr(n) signal - ir(n)
[V] [A]
Fault loop impedance calculation 1 5 -2980.04 -1199.49

vr1ir 2  vr 2ir1 v(9 ) ir 2  v(5) ir1


2 5.5 -643.61 -1190.20
R  3 6 1708.67 -1151.61
D D 4 6.5 4018.88 -1084.66
13060.60  211720  6230.13  353530
 5 7 6230.13 -991.00
264.815 106 6 7.5 8287.97 -872.94

 2.125 Ω 7 8 10141.73 -733.39


8 8.5 11745.78 -575.78
9 9 13060.60 -403.99

vr 2ir1  vr1ir 2 v (5) i(9 )  v(9 ) i(5) 10 9.5 14053.82 -222.25


L  11 10 14701.00 -35.04
D D
6230.13  (403.99)  13060.60  (991)

264.815 106
 39.371 mH

X  0 L  2 50  0.039371  12.369 Ω
n Time Voltage Current
(ms) signal - vr(n) signal - ir(n)
[V] [A]
Fault loop impedance calculation 1 5 -2980.04 -1199.49
2 5.5 -643.61 -1190.20
X  0 L  2 50  0.039371  12.369 Ω 3 6 1708.67 -1151.61
4 6.5 4018.88 -1084.66
5 7 6230.13 -991.00
 Relay zone 1 and 2 setting 6 7.5 8287.97 -872.94
7 8 10141.73 -733.39
X Z 1  0.8  X L  0.8 15  12 Ω 8 8.5 11745.78 -575.78
9 9 13060.60 -403.99
X Z 2  1.2  X L  1.2 15  18 Ω 10 9.5 14053.82 -222.25
11 10 14701.00 -35.04

 The relay will see the fault in Zone 2

You might also like