Inglés IV (A-2006)

Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

Universidad de Los Andes

Facultad de Humanidades y Educación
Escuela de Idiomas Modernos

Practicing Adverb Clauses

I. Choose the correct answer.

Example: ___B___ I get angry and upset, I try to take ten deep breaths.
A. Until B. Whenever C. Whereas D. For

1. _________ Paul brings the money for our lunch, we'll go right down to the cafeteria.
A. Since B. As soon as C. Now that D. Until

2. The first time I went swimming in deep water, I sank to the bottom like a rock. _________ I've
learned to stay afloat, I feel better about the water, but I still can't swim well.
A. As soon as B. The first time C. When D. Now that

3. It's obvious that neither the workers _________ to fight the new rules.
A. nor the manager intend C. nor the manager intends
B. intend nor the manager D. intend nor the manager intends

4. _________ I heard the telephone ring, I didn't answer it.

A. Because B. Only if C. Even though D. So

5. After _________ to 45 minutes of an extremely boring speech, I found myself nodding off.
A. was listening B. listen C. listening D. having listen

6. Why did I stay until the end? I am never going to stay and watch a bad movie again!
_________ I am in that situation, I'm going to leave the theater immediately.
A. The next time B. Now that C. After D. Until

7. "Why aren't you ready to go?"

"I am ready."
"How can that be? It's freezing outside, _________ you're wearing shorts and a T-shirt!"
A. for B. so C. because D. yet

8. Erin likes to swim, jog, and _________ tennis.

A. plays B. play C. to play D. playing

9. Since _________ to a warmer and less humid climate, I've had no trouble with my asthma.
A. upon moving B. I moving C. moving D. I move

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10. While _________ to help Tim with his math, I got impatient because he wouldn't pay
attention to what I was saying.
A. I am trying B. having tried C. I try D. trying

11. We're going to lose this game _________our team doesn't start playing better soon.
A. if B. unless C. although D. whereas

12. Some fish can survive only in salt water, _________ other species can live only in fresh
water.
A. since B. unless C. if D. whereas

13. Joe seemed to be in a good mood, _________ he snapped at me angrily when I asked him to
join us.
A. for B. so C. yet D. and

14. _________ Jan arrives, we will have finished this group project.
A. By the time B. Until C. Now that D. Since

15. For the most part, young children spend their time playing, eating, and _________ a lot.
A. they sleep B. sleeping C. sleep D. they are sleeping

16. _________ I get back from my next business trip, I'm taking a few days off. I'm worn out!
A. Every time B. Since C. Now that D. Once

17. _________ unprepared for the exam, I felt sure I would get a low score.
A. Having B. Being C. Because D. Upon

18. Ever since _________ Ted the bad news, he's been avoiding me.
A. I told B. told C. telling D. having told

19. _________ my daughter reaches the age of sixteen, she will be able to drive.
A. Having B. Since C. Once D. Because

20. Matt will enjoy skiing more the next time he goes to the Alps _________ he has had skiing
lessons.
A. unless B. before C. now that D. and

II. Directions: Combine the sentences, using the word or phrase in parentheses. Add commas
where necessary. Make two sentences for each, showing the two possible positions of the
adverb clause. Underline the adverb clause. Look at the example.

Example: Our flight was delayed. We decided to take a long walk around the terminal. (since)
Since our flight was delayed, we decided to take a long walk around the terminal.
We decided to take a long walk around the terminal since our flight was delayed.

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1. My registration was canceled. I didn't pay my fees on time. (because)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Erica has qualified for the Olympics in speedskating. She must train even more vigorously.
(now that)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. We decided not to buy the house on Fourth Street. It's directly below flight patterns from the
nearby international airport. (since)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

III. Directions: Complete the sentences with even though or because. Look at the examples.

Examples:
a. I put on my raincoat even though it was a bright, sunny day.
b. I put on my raincoat because it was raining.

1. ____________ Sue is a good student, she received a scholarship.

2. ____________ Ann is a good student, she didn't receive a scholarship.

3. ____________ it was raining, we went for a walk.

4. ____________ it was raining, we didn't go for a walk.

5. This letter was delivered ____________ it didn't have enough postage.

6. That letter was returned to the sender ____________ it didn't have enough postage.

7. I'm going horseback riding with Judy this afternoon ____________ I'm afraid of horses.

8. I'm going horseback riding with Judy this afternoon ____________ I enjoy it.

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9. ____________ you've made it clear that you don't want any help, I have to at least offer to help
you.

10. I knew that I should get some sleep, but I just couldn't put my book down ____________ I
was really enjoying it.

11. ____________ Tom didn't know how to dance, he wanted to go to the school dance
____________ he felt lonely sitting at home and staring blankly at the TV while all of his
friends were having fun together.

12. My hair stylist subscribes to three different fashion magazines ____________ she's not
interested in clothes. She subscribes to them ____________ her customers like them.

IV. Directions: Change the adverb clause to a modifying phrase. Look at the example.

Example: Since he opened his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.
Since opening his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.

1. I shut off the lights before I left the room.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. While he was herding his goats in the mountains, an Ethiopian named Kaldi discovered the
coffee plant more than 1200 years ago.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Before they marched into battle, ancient Ethiopian soldiers ate a mixture of raw coffee beans
and fat for extra energy.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4. After I had met the movie star in person, I understood why she was so popular.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5. I found my keys after I searched through all my pockets.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
6. When it was first brought to Europe, the tomato was thought to be poisonous.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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7. Since it was first imported into Australia many years ago, the rabbit has become a serious pest
because it has no natural enemies there.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

V. Directions: Underline the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause.
Change the adverb clauses to modifying phrases, if possible. Look at the examples.

Examples:
a. While Sam was driving to work in the rain, his car got a flat tire. → (no change)
b. While Sam was driving to work, he had a flat tire.
→ While driving to work, Sam had a flat tire.

1. Before Nick left on his trip, his son gave him a big hug and a kiss.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Before Nick left on his trip, he gave his itinerary to his secretary.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. After Tom had worked hard in the garden all afternoon, he took a shower and then went to the
movies with his friends.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4. After Sunita had made a delicious chicken curry for her friends, they wanted the recipe.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Before a friend tries to do something hard, an American may say "Break a leg!" to wish him or
her good luck.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
6. Emily always straightens her desk before she leaves the office at the end of the day.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

VI. Directions: Combine the two sentences, making a modifying phrase out of the first sentence,
if possible. Look at the examples.

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Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

Examples:
a. Larry didn't want to disturb his sleeping wife. He tiptoed out of the room.
→ Not wanting to disturb his sleeping wife, Larry tiptoed out of the room.

2. Larry didn't want to disturb his sleeping wife. She needed to catch up on her sleep.
→ (no change)

1. I misunderstood the directions to the hotel. I arrived one hour late for the dinner party.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. I misunderstood the directions to the hotel. The taxi driver didn't know how to get there either.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. The taxi driver misunderstood my directions to the hotel. He took me to the wrong place.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Ann remembered that she hadn't turned off the oven. She went directly home.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5. I met Gina after work. She suggested playing tennis.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
6. My family and I live in the Pacific Northwest, where it rains a great deal. We are accustomed
to cool, damp weather.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

VII. Directions: Write completions using the ideas in the given list.

She learned the problem was not at all serious.

She was told she got it. He heard these words.
He investigated the cause.
I arrived at the airport.
I reached the other side of the lake.

Example: It had been a long, uncomfortable trip. Upon arriving at the airport, I quickly
unfastened my seat belt and stood in the aisle waiting my turn to disembark.

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Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

1. I rented a small fishing boat last weekend, but I ended up doing more rowing than fishing. The
motor died halfway across the lake, so I had to row to shore. It was a long distance away. Upon
______________________________________, I was exhausted.
2. At first, we thought the fire had been caused by lightning. However, upon
_________________________________ cause of the fire, the chief determined it had been
caused by faulty electrical wiring.
3. Amy felt terrible. She was sure she had some dread disease, so she went to the doctor for some
tests. Upon ____________________________________, she was extremely relieved.
4. Janet wanted that scholarship with all her heart and soul. Upon
_________________________________________, she jumped straight up in the air and let
out a scream of happiness.

VIII. Directions: Complete the sentences with either because, because of or therefore, as
appropriate. Add any necessary punctuation and capitalization. Look at the examples.

Examples:
a. We delayed our trip because of the bad weather.
b. Sue's eyes were red because she had been crying.
c. Matt didn't feel well; therefore, he didn't go to work yesterday.

1. The water in most rivers is unsafe to drink ______________ pollution.

2. ______________ young Joseph was an inquisitive student, he was always liked by his
teachers.
3. The television broadcast was interrupted in the middle of the eighth inning ______________
most of the audience missed the conclusion of the baseball game.
4. ______________ it rained, we stayed home.
5. It rained. ______________ we stayed home.
6. We stayed home ______________ the bad weather.
7. The hurricane was moving directly toward a small coastal town ______________ all residents
were advised to move inland until it passed.
8. The residents moved inland ______________ the hurricane.
9. ______________ the hurricane was moving directly toward the town all residents were
advised to move inland.

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Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

10. Piranhas, which are found in the Amazon River, are ferocious and bloodthirsty fish. When
they attack in great numbers, they can devour an entire cow in several minutes
______________ their extremely sharp teeth.
11. The water in most rivers is unsafe to drink ______________ it is polluted.
12. Some people think Harry succeeded in business ______________ his charming personality
rather than his business skills.
13. You can't enter this secured area ______________ you don't have an official permit.
14. My lecture notes were incomplete ______________ the instructor talked too fast.
15. It's unsafe to travel in that country ______________ the ongoing civil war.
16. Sharon hid her feelings from everyone ______________ no one suspected the deep emotional
pain she was suffering.
17. No one ever knows what's going on inside of Sharon ______________ she hides her feelings
behind a mask of smiles.

IX. Complete the sentence with due to, since, or consequently, as appropriate. Add any necessary
punctuation and capitalization.

1. ______________ his poor eyesight John has to sit in the front row in class.

2. ______________ John has poor eyesight he has to sit in the front row.

3. John has poor eyesight ______________ he has to sit in the front row.

4. Sarah is afraid of heights ______________ she will not walk across a bridge.

5. Sarah will not walk across a bridge ______________ her fear of heights.

6. Mark is overweight ______________ his doctor has advised him to exercise regularly.

7. ______________ a diamond is extremely hard it can be used to cut glass.

X. Directions: Choose the correct completion.

Example: __B__ I was tired, I went to bed.

A. Because of B. Since C. For D. Due to

1. The workers have gone on strike. ______________, all production has ceased.

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Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

A. Because B. So that C. Now that D. Therefore

2. A small fish needs camouflage to hide itself ______________ its enemies cannot find it.
A. so that B. because C. therefore D. due to

3. Our apartment building has had two robberies in the last month, ______________ I'm going to
put an extra lock on the door and install a telephone in my bedroom.
A. now that B. so that C. so D. since

4. The Chippewas are Native North Americans. Their language is one of the most complex in the
world, ______________ it contains more than 6,000 verb forms.
A. consequently B. so C. so that D. for

5. ______________ the bad grease stain on the carpet, we had to rearrange the furniture before
the company arrived.
A. Because B. Now that C. For D. Because of

6. The price of airline tickets has gone down recently. ______________ the tickets cost less,
more people are flying than before.
A. Consequently B. Because of C. Because D. For

7. Let's ask our teacher how to solve this problem ______________ we can't agree on the answer.
A. since B. because of C. consequently D. so

8. The fire raged out of control. It got ______________ bad that more firefighters had to be
called in.
A. such B. therefore C. so D. so that

9. Dolphins are sometimes caught and killed in commercial fishing nets ______________ they
often swim in schools with other fish, such as tuna.
A. due to B. because C. so D. therefore

10. We can finally afford to trade in the old car for a new one ______________ I've gotten the
raise I've been waiting for.
A. so that B. consequently C. now that D. so

11. Two of the factories in our small town have closed. ______________, unemployment is high.
A. Consequently B. Because C. So that D. For

12. ______________ I had nothing for lunch but an apple, I ate dinner early.
A. For B. Since C. Due to D. Therefore

13. I needed to finish the marathon race ______________ I could prove that I had the strength
and stamina to do it. I didn't care whether I won or not.
A. because of B. so that C. for D. therefore

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 Inglés IV (A-2006)
Prof. Argenis A. Zapata

14. The Eskimo way of life changed dramatically during the 1800s ______________ the
introduction of firearms and the influx of large numbers of European whalers and fur traders.
A. because B. for C. due to D. so

15. During extremely hot weather, elephants require both mud and water to keep their skin cool
______________ they have no sweat glands.
A. and B. because of C. so D. due to the fact that

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