ELSC 11-20 By micho <3

Silencer genes halt the transcription of DNA

The correct answer is 'True'.
This type of RNA polymerase is responsible for transcribing tRNA.
The correct answer is: RNA pol III
How many polynucleotide chains are found in DNA?
The correct answer is: 2
The 5' end of the DNA strand is a hydroxyl.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Internal control regions may be these boxes, except
The correct answer is: E
Which is the most specialized eukaryotic polymerase?
The correct answer is: RNA pol I
How many nucleotides are there in a codon?
The correct answer is: 3
Bacterial protein transcription utilizes what kind of subunits
The correct answer is: Sigma
What is the sequence of the TATA box?
The correct answer is: TATAAA
These are viruses that infect bacteria.
The correct answer is: Bacteriophages
Bacterial protein transcription utilizes what kind of subunits
The correct answer is: Sigma
Internal control regions may be these boxes, except:
The correct answer is: E
These are complexes made of both RNA and protein.
The correct answer is: Ribosomes
The control element and the upstream contol element are rich in guanine and adenine.
The correct answer is: False
In the 60s ribosomal unit, how many rRNA molecules are there?
The correct answer is: 3
What is the sequence of the TATA box?
The correct answer is: TATAAA
What is the technique used to create changes in genes?
The correct answer is: Mutagenesis
This type of RNA polymerase is responsible for transcribing tRNA.
The correct answer is: RNA pol III
Eukaryotic genes contain exons and intons.
The correct answer is: True
This binds the core element.
The correct answer is: SL1
These are circular DNA molecules.
The correct answer is: Plasmids
Silencer genes halt the transcription of DNA.
The correct answer is: True
Restriction enzymes occur naturally in bacteria.
The correct answer is: True
Which is the most specialized eukaryotic polymerase?
The correct answer is: RNA pol I
Long Quiz 4
Panthothenic acid is also known as vitamin B6.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Teeth are absolutely essential for digestion.
The correct answer is 'False'.
These are stages in digestion, except
The correct answer is: Transport
The pH of the esophagus is acidic.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Saliva is secreted through
The correct answer is: Ducts
Microscopic blood vessels that absorb fructose are also known as
The correct answer is: Capillaries
This is a carbohydrate-protein complex that protects the oral cavity from abrasion.
The correct answer is: Mucin
Osmosis occurs when these ions are pumped out of the lumen.
The correct answer is: Sodium
The appendix is necessary for immunity.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Tocopherol is also known as
The correct answer is: Vitamin E
How many types of essential amino acids do humans require from their diets?
The correct answer is: 8
When fewer calories are taken in than is required, glycogen is hydrolyzed.
The correct answer is 'False'.
The esophagus contains both striated and smooth muscles.
The correct answer is 'True'.
Trypsin and chemotrypsin are amylases.
The correct answer is 'False'.
How many types of amino acids do animals require for protein synthesis?
The correct answer is: 20
These are all parts of the small intestine, except
The correct answer is: Rectum
Bacteria in the large intestine can produce folic acid.
The correct answer is 'True'.
Essential fatty acids are saturated.
The correct answer is 'False'.
These organelles contain hydrolytic enzymes
The correct answer is: Lysosomes
Bile destroys these cells when they are no longer functional.
The correct answer is: Red blood cells
The vocal chords are found here
The correct answer is: Glottis
Bile is stored and concentrated where?
The correct answer is: Gallbladder
These are all parts of the large intestine, except
The correct answer is: Jejunum
Chylomicrons are
The correct answer is: Fat-soluble globules
Water cannot be absorbed through active transport.
The correct answer is 'True'.
Per gram, fats release three times the energy releases from proteins.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Amino acids move by facilitated diffusion into epithelial cells.
The correct answer is 'False'.
The food in the alimentary canal can move in only one direction.
The correct answer is 'True'.
Fructose moves by passive transport into the epithelial cells of the small intestine.
The correct answer is 'False'.
This vitamin is essential for blood clotting.
The correct answer is: Vitamin K
Buffers in saliva prevent tooth decay.
The correct answer is 'True'.
The appendix is necessary for immunity.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Bile salts act as
The correct answer is: Emulsifiers
Animals need a source of nitrogen as part of their diets.
The correct answer is 'True'.
|Learning Activity 8

These are sources of nitrogen, except:

The correct answer is: Salad
The energy acquired from food is converted to ATP.
The correct answer is: False
These are all examples of complete protein, except:
The correct answer is: Milk
Vitamin C is also known as:
The correct answer is: Ascorbic acid
These are all classes of essential nutrients, except:
The correct answer is: Sugars
Short Quiz 8
is the movement by the smooth muscles of the alimentary canal that move food along.
The correct answer is: Peristalsis
are the simplest digestive compartments.'
The correct answer is: Vacuoles
How many pairs of salivary glands are there?
The correct answer is: 3
Vitamin B2 is also known as:
The correct answer is: riboflavin
A gastrovascular cavity has only one opening.
The correct answer is: True
Food that is ready for swallowing is known as a
The correct answer is: bolus
Ring-like valves found at the junctions of compartments are called
The correct answer is: Sphincters
Pinocytosis is also known as cell eating.
The correct answer is: False
Enzymatic hydrolysis is an example of mechanical digestion.
The correct answer is: False
These are all accessory organs for digestion, except
The correct answer is: Appendix
Amylase hydrolyzes starch.
The correct answer is: True
What is the tissue that lines the gastrovascular cavity?
The correct answer is: Gastrodermis
All animals complete their digestion extracellularly.
The correct answer is: False
The purpose of _______ is to break down food into smaller particles to increase the
surface area for chemical digestion.
The correct answer is: mechanical digestion
Learning Activity 9
The ground tissue of roots is composed of what types of cells?
The correct answer is: Parenchyma
The tip of a root is covered by a
The correct answer is: Root cap
Water can evaporate through stomata.
The correct answer is 'True'.
The lateral root can be located near the root's surface.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Intercalary meristems remain at the leaf blades and internodes.
The correct answer is 'True'.
The mesophyll is a tissue supporting the plant's structure.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Lateral roots develop from the root cortex.
The correct answer is 'False'.
Which type of cells prvide support for the parts of the stem that have halted
lengthening?
The correct answer is: Sclerenchyma
Short Quiz 9
Ground tissue that is internal to the vascular tissue is called
The correct answer is: pith
The vascular tissue of a shoot or root system is called
The correct answer is: Stele
Cells that remain as sources of other cells are called
The correct answer is: Initials
These are hairlike outgrowths of the shoot epidermis.
The correct answer is: Trichomes
These cells have walls that are thin and flexible.
The correct answer is: Parenchyma
Sieve-tube elements lack all of these, except:
The correct answer is: Cytoplasm
The periderm is a protective tissue covering found in woody plants.
The correct answer is: True
These cells have thick primary walls and help support the young parts of the plant's
shoots.
The correct answer is: Chollenchyma
Wood is also known as secondary phloem.
The correct answer is: False
This is a perpetually embryonic tissue.
The correct answer is: Meristems
The xylem vascular tissue system transports sugars and carbohydrates.
The correct answer is: False
What is the term for the continous growth of plants?
The correct answer is: Indeterminate growth
The petiole is part of
The correct answer is: Stems
tissue system is the outer protective layer of the plant.
The correct answer is: Dermal
Learning Activity 10
Natural selection selects for the fittest organisms.
The correct answer is 'True'.
The transfer of alleles into or out of a population is called
The correct answer is: Gene flow
Who proposed the principle of uniformitarianism?
The correct answer is: Lyell
Organisms that are only somewhat related can never look alike.
The correct answer is 'False'.
What year was Darwin born?
The correct answer is: 1809
Who developed the binomial system of naming species?
The correct answer is: Linnaeus
Who was the father of paleontology?
The correct answer is: Cuvier
Short Quiz 10
Natural selection involves the evolution of individuals.
The correct answer is: False
When did Darwin embark on the SS Beagle?
The correct answer is: 1931
What book did Lyell publish?
The correct answer is: Principles of Geology
According to Darwin, what brings about life's unity and diversity?
The correct answer is: Descent with modifications
HIV is an example of a virus that can completely be eradicated using medications.
The correct answer is: False
Who first proposed that life changes over time?
The correct answer is: Lamarck
Who contended that suffering is caused be the explosion of populations accompanied
by limited resources?
The correct answer is: Malthus
Organisms that are only somewhat related can never look alike.
The correct answer is: False
Superimposed layers of rocks are also called:
The correct answer is: Strata
Who proposed the principle of uniformitarianism?
The correct answer is: Lyell
This is the same genetic language in all organisms.
The correct answer is: DNA
When humans breed cows for better meat, this is called
The correct answer is: artificial selection
The transfer of alleles into or out of a population is called:
The correct answer is: Gene flow
What year was Darwin born?
The correct answer is: 1809

Second Quarter Exam

The stomata allow the uptake of this gas.
-Carbon dioxide

Enzymes that catalyze reactions will perish at temperatures below 250 K

-False

Calcium chloride is used in DNA insertion.

-True

The spongy mesophyll fills with oxygen and carbon dioxide.

-True

Who advocated for catastrophism?

-Cuvier
Nucleic acids are polyionic at neutral pH
-True

How many phalanges do we have?

-5

All plants have secondary growth.

-False

The chances of survival of organisms is maximized when they cooperate with one
another.
-True

These cells have thin and flexible walls and lack a secondary wall.
-Parenchyma

Artificial selection occurs when we breed dogs for a certain length of coat or certain
height.
-True

Microbes that become resistant to an antibiotic are an example of microevolution.

-True

The cuticle, or the wax, functions to protect against insects and pathogens.
-True

Who developed the binomial naming of species?

-Linnaeus

These cells are fibrous.

-Sclerenchyma

Generation internal is inversely proportional to genetic gain.

-True

Who found that the body size of the organism can be controlled by controlling the
biomass at each trophic level?
-Elton

Gene stacking is the presence of more than one gene in more than one plant.
-False

This secretes polysaccharides to protect the young part of the plant.

-Root cap
If a cat always eats the white colored mouse, then there brown colored mouse will
increse in number.
-True

Gene stacking is the presence of more than one gene in more than one plant.
-Amphibians

A snake's pelvis is an example of a vestigial structure.

-True

Nucleic acids are recovered through

-Centrifugation

These organisms can capture energy without light.

-Chemoautotrophs

Direct reciprocity occurs when two organisms gain from helping each other.
-True

This is where the lateral roots originate from.

-Pericycle

The energy flow of the ecosystem starts with its primary producers.
-True

The Continental Drift theory provides evidence for evolution.

-True

Lateral roots are also known as

-Taproots

According to Darwin's theory, individuals can evolve.

-False

These are all heterozygous genes, except

-AA

The enzyme method is also known as the Maxam-Gilbert Method.

-False

This can form a lateral shoot

-Axillary bud

The vascular cambium in woody plants consists of a layer of this type of cell
-Parenchyma
The Phelloderm is a thin layer of this type of cells.
-Parenchyma

PAGE is suitable for RNA sequencing

-False

An ecosystem must have an ecosystem and a nutrient biochemical recycling system.

-True

The guard cells function to control the opening and closing of the stomata
-True

There must be a balance between order and entropy.

-True

Who was the first one to propose a mechanism for evolution?

-Lamarck

Absorbance is measured at
-260 nm

Indirect reciprocity occurs when a species is likely to help another due to lineage.
-False

Carrots have fibrous roots

-False

Intraspecific competition is competition between two individuals from different species.

-False

What can be used to further digest DNA after deproteinization?

-Rnase

Who coined the term "ecology"?

-Tansley

The xylem and phloem in stems and leaves are collectively called a stele.
-False

These have features of both plasmids and bacteriophages.

-Cosmids

What is the ratio used for the precipitation of nucleic acids?

-2:1
An organism is said to be homozygous if it carries two of the same genes.
-True

Learning Activity 12
The mainstay of genetic engineering is the ability to isolate a single DNA fragment.
-True

The starting material for DNA isolation may be viral.

-True

Which enzyme is used to digest DNA?

-Ribonuclease

Protein molecules partition into what phase during DNA isolation?

-phenol phase

The separation of the nucleic acid from other cell components is not a requirement in
genetic engineering.
-False

Short Quiz 12
Ethidium bromide is toxic and carcinogenic.
-True

What is the most common method for separating DNA?

-Gel Electrophoresis

The purpose of ______ is to count the amount of nucleic acids present.

-Scintillation counter

SAGE stands for

-Submerged Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

A hydroxyl group at the 3' end of the DNA segment is needed for elongation to proceed.
-True

These are all ddNTPs, except:

-R

Larger DNA fragments move slower than smaller DNA fragments.

-True

These are all common radioactive tracers, except:

-Caesium-60
Urea acts as a binding agent during the reading of DNA sequences.
-False

What element is used to isolate pDNA?

-Caesium

Long Quiz 6
When fewer calories are taken in than is required, glycogen is hydrolyzed.
-False

Medicines can be created in transgenic animals.

-False

The periderm is impermeable to water due to this substance.

-Suberin

With surface faulting, increasing displacement means increasing damage.

-True

Deoxyribose is attached to how many phosphate groups?

-1

Hot gases and materials spewed from volcanoes are part of

-Pyroclastic phenomenon

The Urey-Miller experiment lay the groundwork for the synthesis of photosynthetic
materials.
-False

Ovules are called

-Megasporangia

A DNA double-helix is necessarily antiparallel.

-True

Which part of the atmosphere do cyclones maintain?

-Troposphere

Bile destroys these cells when they are no longer functional.

-Red blood cells

The earth is made up of mainly nitrogen and oxygen.

-True
The fision of cells in unicellular organisms may be multiple or binary.
-True

Torrential rains fall at what speed?

-30 km/hr

Below the melting point of rocks, the rocks will become metamorphic.
-True

This is another name for the reproductive part of flowers.

-Androecium

As radioactive materials decayed, they emitted what?

-Heat

All these comprise the cell membrane, except

-Enzymes

The tail of phospholipids are kinked because of hydrogen bonds.

-False

The TATA box is located where relative to the start of transcription?

--20

Physical weathering is known as

-Mechanical weathering

Allele frequencies can change at random.

-True

Ascorbic acid is essential in humans.

-True

The two main pillars crucial for maintaining life include

-Metabolism

Rocks become metamorphic due to extreme pressure

-True

Troland proposed that these emerged first.

-Proteins

Pyrimidines contain how many ring bases?

-1
All ecosystems are closed systems.
-False

How many kilometers deep is the mantle?-

-2,900 km

Prokaryotic cells do not contain organelles in their cytoplams.

-False
What are pharyngeal pouches?
-NECK POUCHES

Apical meristems are located at the stems of plants.

-false
The xylem transports water from the roots to the stem.
-false
Nucleic acids are polyionic at neutral pH
-false
Indirect reciprocity occurs when a species is likely to help another due to lineage.
-false
Group selection is natural selection at the group level
-True
Genetic engineering may also be called as new genetics
-False
If a G gene codes for green eyes and a g gene codes for blue eyes, and G is dominant,
then a girl with Gg genes will have green eyes.
-True
How many reactions are there in the Sanger-Coulson method?
-3
This type of transformation involves the insertion of viral genomes into the host genome.
-Episomal
Evolution moves towards order.
-False
You can a leaf belongs to a _____ because it has parallel veins.
-Monocot
These are all mechanisms which cause microevolution, except
-mutations
According to fossil records, these evolved from land vertebrates as well.
-Fish
Trichomes function as true roots.
-True
Affinity chromatography removes all of the following, except
-rRNA
Phenotype refers to an organism's genetic makeup.
-False
The vascular cambium can store water as well aid in wound repair and store carbohydrates.
-False
Point mutations will always be harmful.
-False
We can directly observe the process of evolution.
-True
A260/280 for pure RNA shoul be
-2.0
Where did Lindeman study the ecosystem concept?
-Wisconsin.
These cells share their nucleus with seive tube elements.
-Companion cells