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Tutorial 2

The document discusses four physics problems involving oscillations and forced vibrations: 1. Setting up the equation of motion for a forced pendulum system and solving for steady state and resonance amplitude. 2. Calculating the power input to maintain forced vibrations in a damped oscillator. 3. Determining the energy radiated by an oscillating electron and estimating quality factor and half life for optical frequencies. 4. Deriving the equation of motion for an RLC circuit driven by an AC voltage source and calculating maximum power consumption at resonance.

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51 views

Tutorial 2

The document discusses four physics problems involving oscillations and forced vibrations: 1. Setting up the equation of motion for a forced pendulum system and solving for steady state and resonance amplitude. 2. Calculating the power input to maintain forced vibrations in a damped oscillator. 3. Determining the energy radiated by an oscillating electron and estimating quality factor and half life for optical frequencies. 4. Deriving the equation of motion for an RLC circuit driven by an AC voltage source and calculating maximum power consumption at resonance.

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Tutorial-2 (PHY201)

1. A simple pendulum has a length L=1m. In free vibration the amplitude of its swing falls off by a factor
e in 50 swings. The pendulum is set into forced vibration by moving its point of suspension
horizontally in SHM with an amplitude of 1mm.
(a) Setup up the equation of motion if the horizontal displacement of the bob is x and the horizontal
displacement of the support is X. Use small amplitude approximation.
(b) Solve the equation for steady state if X= 𝑋0 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼)
(c) At exact resonance what it the amplitude of the motion of the pendulum bob?

2. The power input to maintain forced vibrations can be calculated by recognizing that this power is the
mean rate of doing work against the resistive force -bv
(a) Show that the instantaneous rate of doing work against this force is bv2
(b) Using x= 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 − 𝛼) show that the mean rate of doing work is 0.5𝑏(𝜔𝐴)^2

3. According to classical electromagnetic theory an accelerated electron radiates energy at the rate
Ke2a2/c3 where K=6x109 N-m2/C2 , e=electronic charge, , a = instantaneous acceleration, and c=speed
of light.
(a) If an electron were oscillating in a straight line with a frequency v Hz and amplitude A, how much
energy would it radiate away in one cycle assuming it to follow SHM.
(b) What is Q of this oscillator
(c) How many periods of oscillations would elapse before the amplitude is down by half
(d) Using a typically optical frequency in visible spectrum, estimate numerically the Q and the half
life period of the radiating system.

4. A RLC circuit is made by connecting a capacitor C, a pure inductor L, and a resistor R in series. The
circuit is driven by an AC voltage, 𝑉(𝑡) = 𝑉0𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡).
(a) Setup the equation of motion of charge Q stored on the capacitor.
(b) Use complex exponential method for obtaining steady state charge and phase lag.
(c) What is the maximum power consumed by the circuit. Use: R = 1 kOhm, L=1 microH, V0 = 1 V
and resonance frequency of 1GHz, to estimate a numerical value.

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