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Frequency Shift Keying: Objectives

1. The document describes an experiment to generate binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) modulation using an LM555 integrated circuit. 2. BFSK encodes binary data by shifting the frequency of a carrier signal between two values, with one frequency representing a binary 1 and the other representing a binary 0. 3. The circuit uses an LM555 timer chip connected to a resistor-capacitor network to generate the two frequencies, with the output switching between the frequencies according to an input binary data signal.

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Syam Sundar
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228 views3 pages

Frequency Shift Keying: Objectives

1. The document describes an experiment to generate binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) modulation using an LM555 integrated circuit. 2. BFSK encodes binary data by shifting the frequency of a carrier signal between two values, with one frequency representing a binary 1 and the other representing a binary 0. 3. The circuit uses an LM555 timer chip connected to a resistor-capacitor network to generate the two frequencies, with the output switching between the frequencies according to an input binary data signal.

Uploaded by

Syam Sundar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Frequency shift keying

Objectives:
1.To study the characteristics of Binary Frequency Shift keying (BFSK) modulation.
2.To generate the waveforms of frequency shift keying.
Pre-Lab Work:
1. Basic theory of Binary Frequency Shift keying.
2. Understanding Important Electrical Characteristics of IC LM555
3. Understanding the data sheets of components used in the experiment.
4. Computer simulations (Multisim / pSpice) are performed and the objectives are
obtained prior to the hardware experiment.
Equipment and Components:
1.LM555 IC
2.Resistors.
3. NI ELVIS III
Circuit Diagram:

Fig1: The circuit used to generate FSK output


Basic Theory:
FSK signaling schemes find a wide range of applications in low-speed digital data
transmission system. FSK schemes are not as efficient as PSK in terms of power and
bandwidth utilization. In binary FSK signaling the waveforms are used to convey binary
digits 0 and 1 respectively. The binary FSK waveform is a continuous, phase constant
envelope FM waveform. The FSK signal bandwidth in this case is of order of 2MHz,
which is same as the order of the bandwidth of PSK signal.

In frequency-shift keying, the signals transmitted for marks (binary ones) and spaces
(binary zeros) are
s1(t )  A cos( t  c ), 0t T
s2 (t )  A cos( t  c ), 0  t  T
respectively. This is called a discontinuous phase FSK system, because the phase
of the signal is discontinuous at the switching times.

Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure.
2. Apply the binary data (square wave) input with frequency of 200Hz from
function generator
3. Give the power supply to the appropriate pins.
4. Observe the FSK output.
Precautions:
1.Connections should be made carefully.
2.The components (resistors, capacitors and ICs) must be identified properly before
giving the circuit connections.
3.The components must be properly doped into the bread board.
Model waveforms:

Figure : The binary message signal with its corresponding BFSK output
Results:

Post-Lab Requirements

1.Check and Create the illustration for FSK Generation

2.Compare the results are obtained in hardware lab with that of computer simulations.

3.Submit your illustration to the lab instructor at next week's lab.


Viva Questions:
1. Write the advantage of FSK compared to ASK?

2. What is the disadvantage of FSK compared with ASK & PSK?

3. What is the effect of Ra,Rb and C1 values on the output?

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