DATA COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY

STATIC IP ROUTING

I. INTRODUCTION

The primary role of a router is to forward packets from the source device to the destination
device. There can be several routers in the packet exchange network. The router utilizes a database
known as the routing table to forward these packets. Static routing is a form of network routing
strategy. Static routing is not a routing protocol; instead, it is the manual configuration and
selection of a network route, typically managed by the network administrator. It is utilized in
situations where the network parameters and environment are expected to remain constant. Static
routing is only optimal in a few situations. Network degradation, latency and congestion are
inevitable consequences of the non-flexible nature of static routing because there is no adjustment
when the primary route is unavailable.

Static routing performs routing decisions with preconfigured routes in the routing table,
which can be changed manually only by administrators. Static routes are normally implemented
in those situations where the choices in route selection are limited, or there is only a single default
route available. Also, static routing can be used if you have only few devices for route
configuration and there is no need for route change in the future. Static routing is considered the
simplest form of routing.

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II. NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Figure 1: Network Topology using CISCO Packet Tracer

III. SUBNETTING IP ADDRESS

Name Network Address Broadcast Address Subnet Mask Usable IP Address

LAN A 10.10.1.0 10.10.1.255 255.255.0 10.10.1.1 – 10.10.1.254
LAN B 10.10.2.0 10.10.2.255 255.255.0 10.10.2.1 – 10.10.2.254
LAN C 10.10.3.0 10.10.3.255 255.255.0 10.10.3.1 - 10.10.3.254
WAN A 10.10.4.0 10.10.4.3 255.255.255.252 10.10.4.1 – 10.10.4.2
WAN B 10.10.4.4 10.10.4.7 255.255.255.252 10.10.4.5 – 10.10.4.6
Buffer: 10.10.4.8

 All LAN will use the 1st UIP

 R2 will use the 1st UIP
 All end devices will use the 2nd UIP
 Set the clock rate for WAN at 64000

Interference Device IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway

Fa 0/0 LAN A 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0 N/A
R1
S 0/0/0 WAN A 10.10.4.2 255.255.255.252 N/A
Fa 0/0 LAN B 10.10.2.0 255.255.255.0 N/A
R2 S 0/0/1 WAN A 10.10.4.1 255.255.255.252 N/A
S 0/0/0 WAN B 10.10.4.5 255.255.255.252 N/A
Fa 0/0 LAN C 10.10.3.1 255.255.255.0 N/A
R3
S 0/0/1 WAN B 10.10.4.6 255.255.255.252 N/A
PC 0 NIC LAN A 10.10.1.2 255.255.255.0 10.10.1.1
PC 1 NIC LAN B 10.10.2.2 255.255.255.0 10.10.2.1
PC 2 NIC LAN C 10.10.3.2 255.255.255.0 10.10.3.1

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IV. IP CONFIGURATION

Figure 2: IP configuration of PC 0

Figure 3: IP configuration of PC 1

Figure 4: IP configuration of PC 2

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V. COMMANDS

ROUTER 1
Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#int fa 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shut

R1(config-if)#int se 0/0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.4.2 255.255.255.252

R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R1(config-if)#no shut

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#ip route 10.10.2.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/0

R1(config)#ip route 10.10.3.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/0

R1(config)#ip route 10.10.4.4 255.255.255.252 se 0/0/0

R1(config)#exit

R1#show ip route

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ROUTER 2
Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#int fa 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.2.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shut

R2(config-if)#int se 0/0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.4.5 255.255.255.252

R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R2(config-if)#no shut

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/1

R2(config)#ip route 10.10.3.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/0

R2(config)#exit

R2#show ip route

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ROUTER 3
Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#int fa 0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 10.10.3.1 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shut

R3(config-if)#int se 0/0/1

R3(config-if)#ip address 10.10.4.6 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R3(config-if)#no shut

R3(config)#exit

R3(config)#ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/1

R3(config)#ip route 10.10.2.0 255.255.255.0 se 0/0/1

R3(config)#ip route 10.10.4.0 255.255.255.252 se 0/0/1

R3(config)#exit

R3#show ip route

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VI. CONCLUSION

For this laboratory activity, we were able to transfer packets from a router to a remote
destination or network with the use of the CISCO packet tracer software. We have also
configured static routes by utilizing the routing table method. This enabled us to gather the IP
addresses needed for the routing process. A default static route is a route that will match all
packets. Therefore, we generalize that in static IP routing, routes are configured and then
manually routed to create connection with each other devices.