Scribd
Upload
47 views1 page

Nathaniel John Y. Abilar BSCE 4A

The document summarizes the hydrological cycle and its key components. It describes the process as starting with evaporation of water from oceans by solar radiation, which forms clouds. Most clouds precipitate back to the ground as rain, snow, or other forms. Some of the precipitation infiltrates the ground, while some runs off as surface or subsurface flow into rivers and lakes. Vegetation also returns some water to the atmosphere through transpiration. The key components of the cycle identified are runoff, precipitation, evaporation, condensation, transpiration, and infiltration.

Uploaded by

Nathaniel John Yape Abilar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views1 page

Nathaniel John Y. Abilar BSCE 4A

The document summarizes the hydrological cycle and its key components. It describes the process as starting with evaporation of water from oceans by solar radiation, which forms clouds. Most clouds precipitate back to the ground as rain, snow, or other forms. Some of the precipitation infiltrates the ground, while some runs off as surface or subsurface flow into rivers and lakes. Vegetation also returns some water to the atmosphere through transpiration. The key components of the cycle identified are runoff, precipitation, evaporation, condensation, transpiration, and infiltration.

Uploaded by

Nathaniel John Yape Abilar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

Nathaniel John Y.

Abilar BSCE 4A

Process of Hydrological Cycle:


Process of hydrological cycle starts with oceans. Water in oceans, gets evaporated due to
heat energy provided by solar radiation and forms water vapor. This water vapor moves
upwards to higher altitudes forming clouds. Most of the clouds condense and precipitate
in any form like rain, hail, snow, sleet. And a part of clouds is driven to land by winds.
Precipitation, while falling to the ground, some part of it evaporates back to atmosphere.

Portion of water that reaches the ground, enters the earth’s surface infiltrating various
strata of soil and enhancing the moisture content as well as water table. Vegetation
sends a portion of water from earth’s surface back to atmosphere through the process of
transpiration. Once water percolates and infiltrates the earth’s surface, runoff is formed
over the land, flowing through the contours of land heading towards river and lakes and
finally joins into oceans after many years. Some amount of water is retained as
depression storage.

Components of Hydrological Cycles and its Definitions:


Let us know about the components of hydrological cycle:

Runoff: it is the water flowing over the land making its way towards rivers, lakes, oceans
etc. as surface or subsurface flow.
1. Surface runoff: it is the running water over the land and which ultimately discharge water
to the sea.

2. Sub surface run off: The water getting infiltrated into pervious soil mass, making its way
towards rivers and lakes can be termed as sub surface run off.

Precipitation: It is the fall of moisture from atmosphere to the earth’s surface in any form.
Example: rain, hail, snow, sleet, glaze, drizzle, snowflakes.
Evaporation: it is the conversion of natural liquids like water into gaseous form like air.
Condensation: It is the conversion of a vapor or gas to a liquid.
Transpiration: it is the evaporation taking place from any plant or greenery. Example,
water droplet on a leaf getting evaporated into atmosphere
Evapotranspiration: it is the combination of evaporation and transpiration.
Infiltration: it is the process of filtration of water to the inner layers of soil based on its
structure and nature. Pervious soils go through more infiltration than impervious.
Infiltration in soils like sand, gravel and coarser material is more and for finer soil particles
like clay and silt, infiltration is less.
Infiltration is inversely proportional to runoff. In a soil, if infiltration is less, then runoff is
more, similarly more infiltration gives less runoff. Example: bitumen roads has more
runoff than metallic red mud roads

You might also like