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Lecture Notes 1

This document outlines the course details for an engineering drawing course for civil engineers. It includes the course code, instructor details, outlines topics like drawing instruments and their uses, projections, and building drawings. It lists course books and objectives. It also describes various drawing tools - their uses and standards - such as drawing boards, papers, T-squares, set squares, protractors, compasses, scales, and pencils.

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sajid khan
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141 views

Lecture Notes 1

This document outlines the course details for an engineering drawing course for civil engineers. It includes the course code, instructor details, outlines topics like drawing instruments and their uses, projections, and building drawings. It lists course books and objectives. It also describes various drawing tools - their uses and standards - such as drawing boards, papers, T-squares, set squares, protractors, compasses, scales, and pencils.

Uploaded by

sajid khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE-112

Engineering Drawing for Civil


Engineers
Lecture Notes by:
Dr. Mohammad Ashraf ([email protected])
Office: CE: B109

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and


Technology, Peshawar

Course Outlines
 Drawing Instruments and their Uses
 Lines, Lettering and Dimensioning
 Geometrical Construction
 Engineering Curves, Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola
 Projection of points, Lines, Plans and Solids
 Sectional Views of Solids
 Isometric Views
 Building Drawings

1
Course Books
 Engineering Drawing by N. D. Bhatt
 Essential of Drafting by James D. Bethune
 Programmed Technical Drawing by Cooper and Mullin
 A first Year Engineering Drawing by A. C. Parkinson

What is Technical Drawing?


 Drawing is the universal language of graphics, having its
rules of grammar (ANSI, ISO), to communicate information
about the shape, size and features of a physical object

2
Course Objectives
 After taking this course the student shall be able:
z Not only to express his ideas and design findings on drawing paper in
the universal language of drafting
z But also to understand drawings developed by another persons

Drawing Instruments
 Drawing board
 Drawing papers/sheets
 Tee square and Set squares
 Protractor
 Compass and divider
 Divider
 Scales
 French curves
 Pencil, Eraser, Pen/pointer

3
Drawing Board
 Available in different sizes depending on the size of drawing
paper.
 Usually made from well seasoned wood with fairly smooth
surface.
 At least one edge is straight called working edge.
 Sizes of the board according to BS 308 are:
z Quarter Imperial : (16 x 12 in)
z Half Imperial : (23 x 16 in)
z Imperial : (32 x 23 in)
z Double Elephant : (42 x 32 in)
z Antiquarian : (54 x 32 in)

Drawing Papers/Sheets

ISO ANSI
A0 E
(840 x 1188) (34″ x 44″)
A1 D
(594 x 840) (22″ x 34″)
A2 C
(420 x 594) (17″ x 22″)
A3 B
(297 x 420) (11″ x 17″)
A4 (210 x A
297) (8.5″ x 11″)

4
Tee square
 Made with two parts; stock and blade, joined (rigidly) together
at right angle
 The stock is made to slide along the working edge of board
and the blade moves on board.
 The working edge of T-square is used to draw horizontal lines
and acts as a guide for set squares
 Shall never be used to draw vertical lines directly
 The working edge shall be checked for straightness

Set Squares
 Triangular in shape and made usually with
plastic
 Available in pair; 45o set square and 30-60o
set square
 Used to draw lines at 30o, 45o, 60o and 90o
 The may be combined to draw angles a 15o,
75o and 105o
 They are also used to draw parallel lines
 Shall be checked for accuracy of 90o

5
Protractor
 Available in semi-circle shape
 Used to draw and measures angles
 To divide a circle

Compass and Divider


 Compass
z Used to draw circles and arcs of circles
z The needle side is kept about 1.0 mm longer than the lead
point
z The compass should kept slightly inclined in the direction
of rotation
z It is desirable to used slightly softer lead in compass than
the pencils used to draw straight lines
 Divider
z Used to divide curves or straight lines into desired number
of equal parts
z To transfer dimension from one part of drawing to other
z To set-off given distances from scale to the drawing

6
French Curves
 Used to draw curves which cannot be drawn
with compass
 Available in various shapes

Pencils
 Good quality pencils should be used to draw lines of uniform shade and
thickness
 Available in various grades like (from soft to hard) 6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B,
B, HB, F, H, 2H, 3H, to 9H
 Softer pencils are used for sketching than those for line work
 Chisel-point is used to geometry and machine drawings and Conical-point
is used for hand sketching and lettering
 Beginning of drawing should be made with H or 2H pencils used very
lightly
 Fair work may be done with harder pencils, e.g. 3H or harder
 H and HB are used for letting an dimensioning
 HB and softer pencils are used for freehand sketching

7
Scales
 The scale is a measuring device used to
transfer the true or relative dimensions of an
object to the drawing
 Two types of scales
z Plain scales
z Diagonal scales

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