Scribd
Upload
83 views

Op-Amp Circuits, and Circuit Analysis. How To Measure: 2-Stage Opamp

The document discusses three topics related to operational amplifiers (op-amps): 1) How to measure the open-loop gain of an op-amp and factors that could cause instability in an op-amp circuit. 2) Design of a two-stage op-amp, including the derivation of transconductance for a source degenerate common-source amplifier and current mirrors. 3) Why locating an op-amp voltage follower circuit too close physically to the device under test can make the circuit unstable by reducing resistance and lowering the phase margin to the point of inducing positive feedback.

Uploaded by

Shachi P Gowda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views

Op-Amp Circuits, and Circuit Analysis. How To Measure: 2-Stage Opamp

The document discusses three topics related to operational amplifiers (op-amps): 1) How to measure the open-loop gain of an op-amp and factors that could cause instability in an op-amp circuit. 2) Design of a two-stage op-amp, including the derivation of transconductance for a source degenerate common-source amplifier and current mirrors. 3) Why locating an op-amp voltage follower circuit too close physically to the device under test can make the circuit unstable by reducing resistance and lowering the phase margin to the point of inducing positive feedback.

Uploaded by

Shachi P Gowda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

 Op-amp circuits, and circuit analysis.

How to measure
open-loop gain for an op-amp? What would cause instability in an op-amp circuit?

 asked mainly two stage op amp design,transconductance


derivation of source degenerate cs amplifier and current mirrors

 Why does putting an op-amp voltage follower circuit too


close (physically) to the DUT make it unstable?-------------------- Locating it physically
closer recused the resistance in the wires to the point the phase margin is too low and
the negative feedback loop becomes positive feedback.

 https://www.analog.com/en/analog-dialogue/articles/simple-op-amp-measurements.html

2- Stage Opamp:
i) In some application, gain and output swing of cascade op-amp is not adequate, we
can use 2- stage op-amps to achieve the same.
ii) The basic block diagram of two stage op-amp is given by:

iii) 1st stage differential provides high gain. But still we will not get maximum output
swings. So to achieve maximum swings, we use high swing stage -> CS stage.
iv) Simple 2-stage amplifier:

Gain of two stage op-amp is given by,


Av=Av1Av2Av=Av1Av2
where, Av1Av1=Gain of differential amp
Av2Av2=Gain of CS stage
Av1=Vo1Vin=−gm1(ro2||ro4)Av1=Vo1Vin=−gm1(ro2||ro4)
Av2=Vo1Vin=−gm5(ro5||ro6)Av2=Vo1Vin=−gm5(ro5||ro6)
∴Av=gm1gm5(ro2||ro4)(ro5||ro6)

You might also like