NATIONAL COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ARTS

994 AURORA BOULEVARD, CUBAO, QUEZON CITY

LASER LIGHT SECURITY SYSTEM

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Science 10

Submitted By:

Amomonpon, Kaye Myrene B.

Duldulao, Kenneth Irvin A.

Gromeo, Ckryztal Jade C.

Mosteyro, Mikaela Denise S.

Sulit, Kristene Ayen J.

10 - Diamond

Submitted To:

Mr. Jobert Mañozo

October 2018
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Our country is facing a lot of crimes such as robbery,
trespassing, hit and run and many more. Crimes happen
unexpectedly at any places. In relation to that, we must assure
that our home is well protected and secure. Home security system
will help not only in securing the house but also in protecting
our love ones from any unexpected crimes that might put them in
danger. As the growth of crime arises, the need for home
security systems is becoming more important for everyone's
safety. These security systems are powered by technologies which
makes it easier to control and use.

Family is the basic unit of the society. Our parents

and siblings are the most important people to us that's why we
must make sure that they are safe and secure. Our home must have
a security system that works on the same principle of securing
entry points. Home security always gives us the assurance of
being safe. It is necessary for us to have this system so that
robbery and other instances that might hurt our family can be
prevented. In this manner, the researchers got the idea of
building a modern and state-of-the-art technology that will
enable homes to have a better security. But setting aside,
Philippines is still a developing country with which family
finances does not really prioritize security. Keeping in mind,
the researchers was able to think of a security system that
safeguards the family yet inexpensive enough for every Filipinos
to own one.
 When it comes to protecting your family and your
belongings, you can’t be too careful, and there are plenty of
ways you can protect your home from invasion or burglary. The
first thing you need to know about the laser system is what
exactly it’s made of. The laser itself is the light source
that stretches out around your home to protect it. Much like
in the movies, it’s a small band of light. The detector and
the sensors work together to activate the alarm when
anything disrupts the laser.

When the laser beam is interrupted for any reason,

the voltage of the laser changes then triggers
the sensors to send out a warning. There are a variety of
different systems that you can get when it comes to laser
protection. The researchers’ own laser light security syst em
come as that it simply buzzes when there’s any type of
disruption. Just remember that it’s always better to have
some form of protection rather than none.

Statement of the Problem

In this project, the researchers created a Laser Light
Security System. The researchers would like to make
modifications in the diagram.
1. What made the researchers to do a project that protects
people’s security?
2. Why is it important to have a security system at home?
3. How can we make sure that this laser light security
system is effective in protecting our security?
Objectives of the Study
1. To construct a simple and cost-efficient laser security
system and to also explore its aspects.
2. To prevent crimes and have security to the homeowners.
3. To have an effective laser light security system that
gives practicality and comfort in a way where consumers
can enjoy its benefits.

Significance of the Study

The rationale of the study is to produce an inexpensive
laser security system that anyone can make even from their home.
The researchers’ very own laser security system is composed of a
PCB, resistance 150k, transistor BC 547, buzzer, 9v battery,
laser and an L.D.R. An alternative, cheaper, and effective laser
security system is essential to its users. This study could also
provide more information about it. Specifically, this study
could benefit the following individuals:
 Homeowners – The result of this study will lead the
homeowners to a much safer home.
 Bank owners – The study can help the bank owners to have
their banks free from intrusion and unauthorized access.
 Police workers – The theft concerns and cases of the police
will be lessened and be solved.

Scope and Limitation

The laser security system works only if the laser is
obstructed. If the intruder passes without obstructing the
laser, it is considered as a failure. It needs to be close to
scan harm people around it. If the researchers’ make alterations
to their own laser light security system like putting in more
lasers, batteries and corresponding sensors, it can secure a
larger area.
 Lasers are sensitive. It can give false alarms. It can’t
differentiate between a genuine threat (of a human) and,
for example, a cat.
 Plans that protect large amounts of land or an entire house
will cost much more and can be difficult for many customers
to afford.
 Batteries can become weak and render the system ineffective
as it ages. A failed sensor can leave your place vulnerable
until you have the chance to replace the batteries. As
batteries grow weak, it can begin to exhibit erratic
behavior and consequently give false alarms or to fail to
respond to some or all commands.

Definition of Terms
 Battery - The battery that is used in our product is the
nine-volt battery. It is a common size of battery that was
introduced for the early transistor radios. It has a
rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and a polarized
snap connector at the top. We used this type of battery
because it is commonly used in clocks, and detectors.
 Buzzer – Acts as the signaling device.
 Laser - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Radiation. It produces a very narrow beam of light. The
laser acts as the main source of light.
 L.D.R – Light Dependent Resistor. It is a component that
has a (variable) resistance that changes with the light
intensity that falls upon it. This allows them to be used
in light sensing circuits. The L.D.R acts as a light
sensor.
 LED – Light-emitting diode. A special kind of diode that
glows when electricity passes through it. It is a
semiconductor device that emits visible light when an
electric current pass through it.
 P.C.B – Printed Circuit Board. It mechanically supports and
electrically connects electronic components or electrical
components.
 Resistor 150k - electrical component that limits or
regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic
circuit.
 Transistor BC547 - a semiconductor device used to amplify
or switch electronic signals and electrical power.It is
used to amplify and switch electrical power and electronic
signals.
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

According to Charles Martinez (2018), the most basic

definition of any security system is found in its name. It is
literally a means or method by which something is secured
through a system of interworking components and devices. In this
instance, they talked about home security systems, which are
networks of integrated electronic devices working together with
a central control panel to protect against burglars and other
potential home intruders.

According to Kristen Erickson (2017), a laser is an unusual

light source. It is quite different from a light bulb or a flash
light. Laser light travels in waves, and the distance between
the peaks of a wave is called the wavelength. Lasers produces a
narrow beam of light in which all the light waves have very
similar wavelengths. The laser’s light waves travel together
with their peaks all lined up, or in phase. Laser beams are very
narrow, very bright, and can be focused into a very tiny spot.

According to Chris Woodford (2018), a battery is a self-

contained, chemical power pack that can produce a limited amount
of electrical energy wherever it's needed. Unlike normal
electricity, which flows to your home through wires that start
off in a power plant, a battery slowly converts chemicals packed
inside it into electrical energy, typically released over a
period of days, weeks, months, or even years. It's important to
note that the electrodes in a battery are always made from two
dissimilar materials which obviously must be conductors of
electricity. This is the key to how and why a battery works: one
of the materials "likes" to give up electrons, the other likes
to receive them. If both electrodes were made from the same
material, that wouldn't happen, and no current would flow.

According to Ed Farnan (2018), a Buzzer is a signaling

device that is not a loudspeaker. It can be mechanical,
electromechanical, or electronic (a piezo transducer). A Piezo
transducer can produce the sound for panel mount buzzers,
household goods, medical devices and even very loud sirens. When
a lower frequency is required an electromagnetic buzzer can fill
the need. These are very common in automotive chimes and higher
end clinical diagnostic devices.

According to Joel Samonte (2015), burglary is by far the

most serious threats in our home. There are practical measures
you can take to boost your home’s security and make it burglary-
resistant. Besides making sounds when there’s an intruder, an
alarm system also calls for help. If you have valuables that
need protection, burglaries are rampant in your area or if
you’re away from home in long stretches then a home security
system could be a good option.

According to Chris Woodford (2018), lasers are more than

just powerful flashlights. The difference between ordinary light
and laser light is like the difference between ripples in your
bathtub and huge waves on the sea. You've probably noticed that
if you move your hands back and forth in the bathtub you can
make quite strong waves. If you keep moving your hands in step
with the waves you make, the waves get bigger and bigger.
Imagine doing this a few million times in the open ocean. Before
long, you'd have mountainous waves towering over your head! A
laser does something similar with light waves. It starts off
with weak light and keeps adding more and more energy so the
light waves become ever more concentrated.

According to Anusha (2017), laser-based security system is

a type of security and alarm system that uses laser light and a
light sensor. A security system protects our homes, offices,
banks, lockers etc. from intrusion and unauthorized access.
There are different types of security systems available and
laser-based security system is an important and efficient type.
A Laser security system can act as a standalone system, which
makes some sound or noise when it detects any irregular
activity, or can be part of a much bigger security and home
automation system, which can send messages, call the owner etc.

According to Vikas Yadav (2017), laser alarm systems have

plenty of added advantages. With its latest technology features,
crime is deterred. Intruders will rather skip or would not
prefer to waste time in cracking its code because it imparts
fear in their mind. It alerts the law enforcement officials via
the monitoring system of the alarm. It can be tracked when you
are not in your home with automatic messaging service to your
mobile phones. In other words, during the intrusion, it will
send alert to your phone.
 According to Ryan Pettus (2015), A laser and a receiver can
be used as a trip alarm. A laser beam is pointed at a receiver,
if the beam is broken the receiver sends a message to the alarm
system. This would be the most common use. Lasers are a very
secure way to send information. This is newer technology, but
you can send information on a laser beam just like how it is in
fiber-optic, and just like fiber-optic, laser communication is
almost impossible to hack.

According to Bill Goets (2018), security alarms are not

just for homes. It can also be used in business because some
business owners forget an important element for trouble-free
operations which is security. Security is important for every
commercial property to prevent robberies and thefts and to
ensure safe business operations. If thefts are not prevented, it
can be very costly, and your business can suffer. Security
systems can help prevent robberies and thefts and ensure safe
operations of your business.
 Chapter III

Methodology

This chapter will explain how the device works. It will

determine and explain how each component function in the circuit
for deeper understanding of the operation of the device.

The researchers used an experimentation method research. The

researchers would have to undergo an actual testing of the
components and materials needed.
1. Take the PCB 2. Use the 3. Punch in the
and mark its two circuit diagram transistor on
and make the the PCB.
extreme sides, connections as
any one as follows. 3.
Punch in the
positive and
transistor on
other as the PCB.
negative.

4. Connect the 5. Connect the 6. Connect the

emitter of the LDR with base of buzzer with
transistor and collector of
transistor with negative side of transistor and
negative side of PCB. positive side of
PCB.
PCB using a
wire.

7. Connect the 8. Connect the 9. Drop the

150k ohm battery and at laser light upon
resistor with this time the the receptive
base of buzzer would be surface of the
transistor and ringing. LDR and the
positive side of buzzer stops

PCN. ringing.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
MATERIALS AND METHODS OF THE STUDY:
Gathering of Materials
The researchers gathered all the materials needed. The
materials are PCB, LDR, Laser, 9v Battery, Buzzer, BC 547, and
150k Transistor. They also prepared the equipments they will
use. They used soldering iron, lead, and multimeter to measure
the power and capability of any object powered by electricity.

Connecting of wires to the PCB

The researchers put the materials in their respective
places at the PCB. They positioned it to the place where they
can connect it to each other to make the product work.

Soldering of wires
In order to make the product work, the researchers soldered
the wires together. They used soldering iron to melt the lead
and then they put it on the joint wires to secure its
connection. After they soldered the wires, the product worked
and it can be used now.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Safewise (2018). What is a security system and how does it work?

Retrieved from https://www.safewise.com/home-security-faq/how-
do-security-systems-work

NASA Science (2017). What is a laser? Retrieved from

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/laser/sp/

Chris Woodford (2018). Batteries. Retrieved from

https://www.explainthatstuff.com/batteries.html

BeStars Technology (2018). Buzzers. Retrieved from

http://www.bestartech.com/product-category/products/buzzers/

Hoopler Magazine (2015). Burglars. Retrieved from

www.hoppler.com.ph/blog/lifestyle/how-to-protect-your-home-from-
burglars

Chris Woodford (2018). Lasers. Retrieved from

https://www.explainthatstuff.com/lasers.html

Anusha (2017). Laser Security System. Retrieved from

https://www.electronicshub.org/laser-security-system/

Vikas Yadav (2017). What are the advantages of laser light

security alarm? Retrieved from https://www.quora.com/What-are-
the-advantages-of-laser-light-security-alarm
Ryan Pettus (2015). Uses of laser light. Retrieved from
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-uses-of-laser-light-security-
alarm

Detect-all Security (2018). Top 5 Reasons Why Security Systems

are Important for Business. Retrieved from https://detect-
allsecurity.com/alarm-systems/top-5-reasons-why-security-
systems-are-important-for-business/
 APPENDIX

Plate 1: Gathering of materials Plate 2: Study and follow the

schematic diagram

Plate 3: Put all the materials Plate 4: Connect each end of

to their respective places at the the wire to their partner and
PCB according to the schematic then solder the joint wires.
diagram.
Plate 5: Put the laser beside the Plate 6: To test the product,
PCB. Make sure that the laser and put something between the
the LDR is aligned, facing each laser and the LDR. If the
other. buzzer buzzed, it means that
the product is working.