Analysis of Conduction-Radiation Heat Transfer With Variable Thermal Conductivity and Variable Refractive Index: Application of The Lattice Boltzmann Method
Analysis of Conduction-Radiation Heat Transfer With Variable Thermal Conductivity and Variable Refractive Index: Application of The Lattice Boltzmann Method
ABSTRACT
The effect of variable thermal conductivity and variable refractive index on transient conduction and radiation heat transfer
in a planar medium is investigated. Thermal conductivity of the medium is assumed to vary linearly with temperature,
while the other thermo-physical properties are assumed constant. The radiative transfer equation and the nonlinear energy
equation are solved using lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The effects of various parameters are studied. The LBM
results are compared with those available in literature and a good agreement is found.
1
solution of the considered problem, the present numerical For a linear anisotropic phase
code was validated with the published study. function p 1 a cos cos ' , where a is the anisotropy
factor (1 a 1) , Eq. (6) can be written as:
2. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION
the refractive indices on the west and the east faces of the
qR 2
0
I ( ) cos( )sin( )d
(10)
medium, respectively. For the problem under consideration,
the energy equation is given by:
For a diffuse-gray boundary with temperature T E/W and
T T q emissivity εE/W, the boundary intensity is given by:
cP (k ) R
t x x x (2)
(1 ε E )
π '2
I ( xE , s ) ε E I b ( xE ) I ( xE , s ) n.s n.s > 0d ' (11)
Where qR is the radiative heat flux and qR for a
x
medium with a variable refractive index is given by:
(1 ε W ) (12)
I ( xW , s ) ε W I b ( xW )
π I ( xW , s ) n.s n.s < 0d '
q R T 4 ' 2
β(1 ω)(4n2 π G)
x π (3) For solving the considered problem, the following
dimensionless numbers are defined:
G is the incident radiation. To solve for G at any location
x, information about the intensity I distribution is required k0 ' Tw N
which for any direction s is obtained from the following N , 2t , =
radiative transfer equation: 4 Tw 3
k0 (13)
2
and f eq i is the equilibrium distribution function. The Discretizing Eq. (23), we obtain:
relaxation time for the D1Q2 lattice is computed from:
Ii ( x ei t , t t ) Ii ( x, t ) teiβ(Si Ii ) i =1,...,M (24)
k t
c p ei
2
2 Clearly in Eq. (24), the term on the right hand side can be
(15)
seen as the collision term in the LBM, where Ii is the
intensity particle distribution function. Using the standard
For this lattice, the two velocities e1 and e2 , and their
LBM terminology, Eq. (24) can be written as:
corresponding weights w1 and w 2 , are given by:
t
x x I i ( x ei t , t t ) I i ( x, t ) I eq ( x, t ) I i ( x, t ) (25)
e1
t
e2
t
R i
(16)
Where R is the relaxation time for the collision process
1
w1 w 2 and I ieq is the equilibrium particle distribution function.
2 (17)
3
Fig.2a-c shows for several times the effect of the a
scattering albedo ω=0.0, 0.5 and 0.9 for n = 1, δ = 0, a = 0,
β =1.0 and N=0.01 by comparing the LBM results (T/T w)
with those published. Excellent agreement is also found.
4
a a
b b
c
Figure 5. Comparison of the non dimensional temperature
(T/Tw) for different δ for (a) β = 0.1 and (b) β = 1.0
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εw = 1.0 and εE = 0.5. The LBM results are in good a = 0, ω=0.0, β = 10.0, εw = εE = 1.0, δ=0.0 and TW =3TE.
agreement with those published. The LBM results are in good agreement with those published.
Figure 8. Comparison of the non dimensional temperature Figure 11. Comparison of the non dimensional temperature
(T/Tw) for different N (T/Tw) for variable refractive index
Fig.8 shows the effect of the conduction– radiation Fig.9 shows the effect of the refractive index by comparing
parameter for n E =nW=1.5 by comparing the steady-state the steady-state results obtained by the LBM and the
results obtained by the LBM and the published results, for published results, for a = 0, ω=0.0, β = 10.0, εw = εE = 1.0,
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δ=0.5, N=0.2 and TW =3TE. The LBM results are in good 9. R. Chaabane, F. askri and S.B. Nasrallah, numerical
agreement with those published. modeling of boundary conditions for two dimansional
Fig.10 and 11 show the effect of the variable refractive conduction heat transfer equation using lattica
index for different conduction– radiation parameters and boltzmann method, International Journal of Heat and
different variable thermal conductivity parameters by Technology, vol. 28(2), pp. 51–57, 2010.
comparing the steady-state results obtained by the LBM and 10. I. Mejri, A. Mahmoudi, M.A Abbassi , A. Omri, Lattice
the published results, for a = 0, ω=0.0, β = 10.0, εw = εE = 0.0 Boltzmann simulation of conduction-radiation heat
and TW =3TE. The LBM results are in good agreement with transfer in a planar medium, International Journal of
those published. Heat and Technology, vol. 32, pp. 213–218, 2014.
11. G. Lorenzini, C. Biserni, F.L. Garcia, L.A.O. Rocha,
4. CONCLUSIONS Geometric optimization of a convective T-shaped cavity
on the basisof constructal theory, Int J of Heat and Mass
The LBM is used to analyze combined conduction– Transfer, vol. 55, 6951–6958, 2012.
radiation heat transfer in a planar absorbing, emitting and 12. G. Lorenzini, L. A. O. Rocha, C. Biserni, E. D. dos
scattering medium with variable thermal conductivity and Santos, L.A. Isoldi, Constructal Design of Cavities
variable refractive index. The radiative information and the Inserted Into a Cylindrical Solid Body, ASME Journal
energy equation are solved using the LBM. The results of the of Heat Transfer, Vol. 134 (7), pp. 0713011 - 0713016,
LBM-LBM formulation are compared with those available in 2012.
the literature. A very good agreement was found. 13. A. Mahmoudi, I. Mejri, M.A. Abbassi, A. Omri,
Analysis of MHD natural convection in a nanofluid-
filled open cavity with non uniform boundary condition
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radiation heat transfer with variable thermal N Conduction-radiation parameter(=kβ/4σTw3)
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pp.851–867, 2002. p Scattering phase function
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GREEK SYMBOLS
SUBSCRIPT
E East
w West