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Assignment-2 XII Molecular Basis of Inheritance

1. Histones are proteins involved in packaging DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. This compacts the very long DNA molecules into the cell nucleus. 2. Chargaff's rule describes the relationship between DNA base pairs, stating that the amount of adenine equals thymine and the amount of guanine equals cytosine in a DNA molecule. 3. Repetitive/satellite DNA is separated from bulk genomic DNA using density gradient centrifugation, which separates molecules based on their density, allowing isolation of repetitive sequences for genetic analysis.

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Jai Bharat
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599 views

Assignment-2 XII Molecular Basis of Inheritance

1. Histones are proteins involved in packaging DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. This compacts the very long DNA molecules into the cell nucleus. 2. Chargaff's rule describes the relationship between DNA base pairs, stating that the amount of adenine equals thymine and the amount of guanine equals cytosine in a DNA molecule. 3. Repetitive/satellite DNA is separated from bulk genomic DNA using density gradient centrifugation, which separates molecules based on their density, allowing isolation of repetitive sequences for genetic analysis.

Uploaded by

Jai Bharat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment-2 MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

1. State the role of histones in DNA packaging.


2. What is Chargaff rule?
3. How is repetitive/satellite DNA separated from bulk genomic DNA for various genetic experiments.
4. i) Name the scientist who suggested that the genetic code should be made of a combination of
three nucleotides.
ii) Explain the basis on which he arrived at this conclusion
5. Write the full form of VNTR. How is VNTR different from Probe?
6. How is the translation of mRNA terminated? Explain.
7. Name the category of codons UGA belongs to. Mention another codon of the same category.
8. Explain their role in protein synthesis.
9. Following a severe accident, many charred-disfigured bodies are recovered from the site making
the identification of the dead very difficult. Name and explain the technique that would help the
authorities to establish the identity of the dead to be able to handover the dead to their respective
relatives.
10. The following is the flow chart highlighting the steps in DNA fingerprinting technique. Identify A,
B, C, D, E and F.

11. Name any three viruses with RNA as the genetic material.

12. What is the reason for the discontinuous synthesis of DNA on one of the parental
strands?

13. The sequence of the coding strand of DNA in a transcription unit is mentioned
below.

3’ AATGCAGCTATTAGG 5’

Write the sequence for:

Its complementary strand

It’s mRNA

14. What is DNA polymorphism?

15. Comment on the statement “Retroviruses do not follow central dogma.”


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16. Describe the role of the ribosome in translation.

17. What is cistron? Differentiate between monocistronic and polycist ronic


transcription units.

18. Is it possible to use DNA probes such as VNTRs in the DNA fingerprinting of a
bacteriophage?

19. Why does the lac operon show a low level of expression all the time?

20. Can alternate splicing of exons enable a structural gen e to code for several iso -
proteins from one and the same gene? Give reasons.

21. Enumerate the post-transcriptional modifications in a eukaryotic mRNA.

22.What is an operon? Explain an inducible operon .

23. (i) Name the enzyme responsible for transcription of tRNA and the amino acid, the
initiator tRNA gets linked with.
(ii) Explain the role of initiator tRNA in initiation of protein synthesis.

24. Where do transcription and translation occur in bacteria and


eukaryotes respectively? Explain the complexities in transcription and translation in
eukaryotes that are not seen in bacteria.

25. Why is charging of tRNA necessary during translation process?

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