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Differential Leveling

The document provides leveling notes and calculations to determine elevations at various stations. It includes two multi-step examples showing how to complete a leveling note table by calculating heights of instrument, foresights, and elevations at each station. Arithmetic checks are performed by summing backsights and foresights to check for errors. Step-by-step work is shown to fill in the missing values in the leveling note tables.

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Jubillee Magsino
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© © All Rights Reserved
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923 views

Differential Leveling

The document provides leveling notes and calculations to determine elevations at various stations. It includes two multi-step examples showing how to complete a leveling note table by calculating heights of instrument, foresights, and elevations at each station. Arithmetic checks are performed by summing backsights and foresights to check for errors. Step-by-step work is shown to fill in the missing values in the leveling note tables.

Uploaded by

Jubillee Magsino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem 3.

1
Determine the elevation of B.M. 2 from the following notes. Check arithmetic by
adding F.S.s and B.S.s.

Sta. B.S. H.I. F.S. Elevation


B.M. 1 1.21 50.00
T.P. 1 6.20 4.65
T.P. 2 4.82 3.11
T.P. 3 3.03 5.22
B.M. 2 3.16

Solution to 3.1

Sta. B.S. H.I. F.S. Elevation

B.M. 1 1.21 50.00

51.21

T.P.1 6.20 4.65 46.56

52.76

T.P. 2 4.82 3.11 49.65

54.47

T.P. 3 3.03 5.22 49.65

52.28

B.M. 2 3.16 49.12

Sum 15.26 16.14


OR

Sta. B.S. H.I. F.S. Elevation

B.M. 1 1.21 51.21 50.00

T.P.1 6.20 52.76 4.65 46.56

T.P. 2 4.82 54.47 3.11 49.65

T.P. 3 3.03 52.28 5.22 49.65

B.M. 2 3.16 49.12

Sum 15.26 16.14

Sum (B.S.) - Sum (F.S.) = 15.26 - 16.14 = -0.88

Elev B.M. 2 - Elev B.M. 1 = 49.12 - 50.00 = -0.88

Arithmetic check: do these differences equal?

Sum (B.S.) - Sum (F.S.) = Elev B.M. 2 - Elev B.M. 1

Answer: yes, they do equal

https://cals.arizona.edu/classes/ABE404/Assignments/Solution3.htm
Problem 3.7
From the survey in Fig. 3.16, check the arithmetic by summing the B.S. and the F.S.
Hint: Select only F.S. applicable to the differential survey. What is the error?

Sta. B.S. H.I. F.S. Elevation

B.M.1 4.38 100.00

104.38

0 + 00 3.04 101.34

0 + 50 2.81 101.57

1 + 00 5.43 98.95

1 + 50 6.12 98.26

2 + 00 2.15 4.11 100.27

102.42

2 + 50 7.16 95.26

3 + 00 5.01 97.41

3 + 50 7.15 1.29 101.13

108.28

4 + 00 2.16 106.12

4 + 10 1.19 107.09

B.M. 1 8.30 99.98

Solution to 3.7

Sta. B.S. H.I. F.S. Elevation

B.M.1 4.38 100.00

104.38
0+
3.04 101.34
00

0+
2.81 101.57
50

1+
5.43 98.95
00

1+
6.12 98.26
50

2+
00
2.15 4.11 100.27
(T.P.
1)

102.42

2+
7.16 95.26
50

3+
5.01 97.41
00

3+
50
7.15 1.29 101.13
(T.P.
2)

108.28

4+
2.16 106.12
00

4+
1.19 107.09
10

B.M.
8.30 99.98
1

Sum 13.68 13.70

Sum (B.S.) - Sum (F.S.) = 13.68 - 13.70 = -0.02

Elev B.M. 1(calc) - Elev B.M. 1(given) = 99.98 - 100.00 = -0.02


Math check: Sum (B.S.) - Sum (F.S.) = Elev B.M. 1(calc) - Elev B.M. 1(given)

differences are equal, therefore the math checks.

Accuracy of the work = error = Elev B.M. 1(given) - Elev B.M. 1(calc) = 100.00 -
99.98 = 0.02

Allowable error = 0.007[length of traverse, ft/100]**1/2 length of traverse, ft = 4 + 10


= 410 ft (from figure 3.16 field notes)

Allowable error = (0.007)[410 ft/100]**1/2 = 0.014

Therefore, the survey is not within reasonable accuracy because calculated error
exceeds allowable error.

https://cals.arizona.edu/classes/ABE404/Assignments/Solution3.htm

COMPLETE THE TABLE

STATION BACKSIGHT HI FORESIGHT ELEVATION


BM1 9.08 749.06 m
TP1 12.24 3.73
TP2 11.04
TP3 1.75 9.84
BM2 11.27 756.12

COMPUTATION:

HI(BMI) = BAKCSIGHT(BM1) + ELEVATION (BM1) = 249.06+9.08 = 758.14

ELEVETION(TP1) = HI(BM1) + FORESIGHT(TP1) = 758.41+3.73 = 754.41

HI(TP1) = BASCKSIGHT(TP1) + ELEVATION (TP1) = 12.24 + 754.41 = 766.65

HI(TP3) = ELEVATION(BM2) + FORESIGHT(BM2) = 756.12 + 11.27 = 767.39

ELEVATION(TP3) = HI(TP3) - BACKSIGHT(TP3) = 767.39 – 1.75 = 765.64

HI(TP2) = ELEVATION(TP3) + FORESIGHT (TP3) = 765.63 + 2.21 = 775.48

ELEVATION(TP2) = HI(TP2) – BACKSIGHT(TP2) = 775.48 – 11.04 = 764.44


FORESIGHT(TP2) = HI(TP1) – ELEVATION(TP2) = 766.65 – 764.55 = 2.21

ANSWERS:

STATION BACKSIGHT HI FORESIGHT ELEVATION


BM1 9.08 758.14 749.06 m
TP1 12.24 766.65 3.73 754.41
TP2 11.04 775.48 2.21 764.44
TP3 1.75 767.39 9.84 765.64
BM2 11.27 756.12

https://www.academia.edu/25046427/LEVELING-
_THEORY_METHODS_AND_EQUIPMENT_G_E_N_G_111C?auto=download

COMPLETE THE TABLE

STATION BACKSIGHT (+) HI FORESIGHT (-) ELEVATION


BM1 2.541 325.64
TP1 2.952 3.331
TP2 4.355 3.166
TP3 3.553 3.277
BM2 2.232

COMPUTATIONS:

HI(BMI) = BAKCSIGHT(BM1) + ELEVATION (BM1) = 325.64 + 2.541 = 328.181

ELEVETION(TP1) = HI(BM1) + FORESIGHT(TP1) = 328.181 + (- 3.331) = 324.85

HI(TP1) = BASCKSIGHT(TP1) + ELEVATION (TP1) = 2.952 + 324.85 = 327.802

ELEVETION(TP2) = HI(TP1) + FORESIGHT(TP2) = 327.802 + (- 3.166) = 324.636


HI(TP2) = BASCKSIGHT(TP2) + ELEVATION (TP2) = 4.355 + 324.636 =328.991

ELEVETION(TP3) = HI(TP2) + FORESIGHT(TP3) = 328.991 + (- 3.277) = 325.714

HI(TP3) = BASCKSIGHT(TP3) + ELEVATION (TP3) = 3.553 + 325.714 = 329.267

ELEVATION(BM2) = HI(TP3) + FORESIGHT(BM2) = 329.267 = (- 2.232) = 327.035

ANSWERS:

STATION BACKSIGHT (+) HI FORESIGHT (-) ELEVATION


BM1 2.541 328.181 325.64
TP1 2.952 3.331 324.85
327.802
TP2 4.355 328.991 3.166 324.636
TP3 3.553 329.267 3.277 325.714
BM2 2.232 327.035

https://www.academia.edu/25046427/LEVELING-
_THEORY_METHODS_AND_EQUIPMENT_G_E_N_G_111C?auto=download
http://www.ce.memphis.edu/1101/notes/surveying/Surveying_4_leveling.pdf

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