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Fundamentals of Thermodynamics

This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in the Thermal Engineering course. The topics include fundamental concepts in thermodynamics such as pure substances, properties of systems, and the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Specifically, it will discuss work and energy, enthalpy, and entropy. It will also cover applications of the first law to open systems like boilers and turbines, as well as applications of the second law to heat engines, heat pumps, and refrigerators.

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366 views

Fundamentals of Thermodynamics

This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in the Thermal Engineering course. The topics include fundamental concepts in thermodynamics such as pure substances, properties of systems, and the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Specifically, it will discuss work and energy, enthalpy, and entropy. It will also cover applications of the first law to open systems like boilers and turbines, as well as applications of the second law to heat engines, heat pumps, and refrigerators.

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रितेश हरोडे
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

FOURTH SEMESTER
SUBJECT: - THERMAL ENGINEERING (12052)
UNIT: - 1

FUNDAMENTAL OF THERMODYNAMICS

Topics: -
1. Concepts of pure substance, types of systems , properties of systems, Extensive
and Intensive properties with units and conversion like P, V, And temperature.
Point function and path function.
2. Work and Energy - Thermodynamic definition of work, heat, difference between
heat and work, P.E., K.E, Internal Energy, Flow work, concepts of enthalpy,
entropy.
3. Laws of Thermodynamic - Zeroth Law, Temperature measurement, principle of
energy conservation, irreversibility, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Kelvin
Plank, Clausius statements and their equivalence, Concept of perpetual motion
machine 1 and 2.
4. Application of Thermodynamic laws - Steady Flow Energy equation and its
application to open system like boiler, engine, nozzle, turbine, compressor &
condenser.
5. Application of Second law to Heat Engine, Heat Pump and Refrigerator.
Thermodynamic: - - It is the branch of science that deal with the relationship between heat, work and those
properties of system that have relation with heat and work. or
It is the branch of science which deal with the relationship between heat and work and the effect of energy transfer
on the properties of system.
System: - It is define as a region in a space or a quantity of matter upon which attention is focused for the study of
work and heat transfer and conversion.

Boundary: - A system is separated from its surroundings by surface is kwon as Boundary


Surrounding: All space in the universe outside the thermodynamic system is known as the surroundings
Types of system: -
a) Open system:- In this system transfer of mass as well as energy takes place through the boundary
Mass Energy

Boundary
System

Energy Mass

b) Closed system:- In this system mass is constant only transfer of energy takes place through the system
boundary.

System Energy

Energy Boundary

c) Isolated system:- In this system nor mass as well as energy transfer through the system boundary.

System

Boundary
Interactions of thermodynamic systems
Type of system Mass flow Work Heat

Open
Closed
Isolated

Property or Property of system: -Any characteristics of the substance which can be observed or
measured is called property of the substance.
Ex. Pressure, temperature, specific volume etc.
Type of properties
1. Extensive property: The property of the substance/system which depend upon the quantity of
matter contained in it are called extensive property.
Ex. Volume, energy, heat etc.
2. Intensive property: The property of the system which do not depend upon the quantity of matter
contained in it are called intensive property.
Ex. Pressure and temperature

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