AUTOMATIC INBUILT HYDRAULIC JACK

SUBMITTED BY

STUDENT NAME : RAYIZ SHAMEER

ROLL NO : 74

SECTION : B

REG. NO : 150909413

E-MAIL ID : [email protected]

CONTACT NO. : 8618790814

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(A CONSTITUENT INSTITUTE OF MANIPAL UNIVERSITY)
MANIPAL - 576 104, KARNATAKA, INDIA
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INDEX

Sl. No. Contents Page No.

1. Abstract 2

2. Introduction 3-5

3. Literature 6-7

4. Objectives 8

5. Methodology 9-10

6. Applications and Future Scope 11

7. Advantages and Disadvantages 12

8. Results and Conclusion 13-14

9. References 15-16

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1. ABSTRACT

This paper represents a study over in- built hydraulic jack system and shows its benefits

over traditional mechanical jack system. The design of inbuilt hydraulic jack is also

studied and modified to require extent which can be seen by analyzing design of

prototype. An Inbuilt hydraulic jack system can be easily operated by buttons provided

on the dash board of the vehicle. The jack will be installed on chassis of the vehicle.

The system gets power by and this system consists of three main parts: master cylinder,

hydraulic jacks and manifold. When car gets lifted with this system, load gets

distributed on four points i.e., plunger or ram of hydraulic cylinder and three tires

except the tire which is getting lifted. This system will be very useful for all the persons

who are unaware regarding conventional mechanical jack or those who find it

extremely difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition. The

motive behind using this system instead of a conventional mechanical system is the

more power produced by the system and simple in design as compared to a

conventional design. As the hydraulic oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is

more in comparison with the pneumatic system which operates on air which is

compressible.

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2. INTRODUCTION

A revolutionary change has taken place in the field of fluid power technology due to

the integration of electronics as a control medium for hydraulic components and

system. Efforts have been made to include the latest possible trends in the field of

hydraulics and allied control areas to keep the over changing state technology in

hydraulics. In the case of tyre puncture or replacing wheels lift the car is more important

part. This time we use traditional ways to lift the tyre. In that case a physically

handicapped person, ladies person or aged person not lifts the tyre easily. They require

more time and also require more force to lift the tyre. In that way to help those who are

physically challenged, ladies or aged person this project automatic hydraulic jack

system is more useful. So we tried to grab the opportunity. Here we use a wiper motor

to drive the hydraulic jack loading subsequently and automatically. Our project works

on the mechanism of converting rotary motion of the wiper motor into reciprocating

motion of the hydraulic jack plunger. A cylinder cage structure of wiper motor ensures

maximum power delivered by consuming the available battery power which can be

easily generated. Important thing is that power is available at instant and anyone can

withdraw easily, without any hazard. Battery is also available in any car so when our

external battery will be discharge then we use power in the car.

2.1. Pascal’s Law: Blasé Pascal formulated the basic law of hydraulics in the mid-17th

century. He discovered that pressure exerted on a fluid acts equally in all directions.

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His law states that pressure in a confined fluid is trans-mitted undiminished in every

direction and acts with equal force on equal areas and at right angle to a container's

walls.

2.2. Hydraulic Jack: A hydraulic jack is a jack that uses a fluid to push against a

piston. This is based on Pascal’s law. In the recent past there has been a significant

increase in the use of hydraulics in our industries. The use of oil hydraulic systems as

a means of power transmission in modern machines evolved a few decades earlier in

the western world. But its applications in Indian industries are of comparatively recent

choice and hence, there is great deal of urgency and importance to master the art of its

applications and maintenance.

This system works by takes power from the engine of the vehicle in which it is used.

Master cylinder takes power from engine and pressurizes the oil inside it. This pressure

is transferred to manifold and distributed into four hydraulic cylinders.

2.3. Solenoid Valve: Is a control units which, when electrically energized or de-

energized, either shut off or allow fluid flow. The actuator takes the form of an

electromagnet. When energized, a magnetic field builds up which pulls a plunger or

pivoted armature against the action of a spring.

2.4. Hydraulic Cylinder: Is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional

force through a unidirectional stroke. It has many applications, notably in construction

equipment (engineering vehicles), manufacturing machinery, and civil engineering.

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Figure no.1

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3. LITERATURE

3.1. P.S. Rana, P.H. Belge, N.A. Nagrare, C.A. Padwad : Their case study of

Integrated Automated Jacks for 4-wheelers have concluded that An Automobile

hydraulic jack can be easily operated by a single push button provided on the dash

board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis according to the weight

distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other side of the car. The

system operates on hydraulic drive which consists of three main parts: hydraulic pump,

driven by an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder to lift the vehicle. The hydraulic jacks

actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdown condition. The car gets

lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or ram of hydraulic cylinder

and two tires opposite to side which is lifted. This jack will be very useful for all the

senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it extremely difficult to

operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition. The motive behind using

hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more power produced by the

system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic design.

3.2. Rajmohan G, Jazim Haris, Mohamed Shafin K, Sabah Salam : Inbuilt Lifting

Arrangements for Heavy Vehicles said that an inbuilt lifting and safety arrangements

for a Four Wheeler with a hydraulic bottle jack system is attached to automobile vehicle

on front and rear part of the chassis. During puncture or some repairs without lifting

externally drop the hydraulic bottle jack with a single button. For heavy vehicles like

truck, lorry etc., it will be easy to we are fixed a mechanism to lift the vehicles for the

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four sides and by operating the motor in single switch. The hydraulic jack is operated

by a cam which works under the mechanism of single slider crank chain. It consists of

one sliding pair and three turning pair, the lever is connected with a return spring rod.

3.3. Professor. Mali P.K. : Dept. of Mechanical, SGREF’s G H Raisin college of

Engineering, Ahmednagar in Design and Development of Automatic Pneumatic Jack

for four Wheeler have said that fabrication is based on pneumatics which deals with

the study and application of pressurized air to produce mechanical motion. Pneumatic

jack is a fabricated model which when installed in four wheeler, will ease in the

problems arising in the conventional operated jack. This fabricated model consists of a

small size reciprocating air compressor which is driven by the battery used in four

wheeler, an air tank to store the compressed air, and a pneumatic control valve which

regulates the air flow and double acting cylinder used as a jack which performs lifting.

Thus the car is lifted using jack and the problem related to tyres such as puncture tyres,

tyre replacement and wheel balancing can be resolved with less effort and time.

3.4. Parth M Patel , Sunil M Shah : Their case studies have also said that

implementation of better design of hydraulic jacks will improve the comfort level and

security to a great extent.

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4. OBJECTIVES

It is believed that ‘Necessity is the mother of invention’. Here the necessity lies in

reducing the human effort applied during manual operation of the jacks and hence the

need of the invention. In day to day life it is very tedious job to operate the jack

manually and it is also a very time consuming work as well. So to make it easier for

everyone especially for aged person and for lady drivers. To provide a safe and simple

automatic hydraulic jacking system without manual effort. To provide a novel jacking

system that can be operated from within the vehicle by means of a dashboard control

panel. There are certain mechanisms already available for the same purpose which has

a definite capacity to lift the car on 2 wheels viz. a screw jack. But the general idea of

the project is to minimize the human effort while operating the jack. To provide a novel

hydraulic jacking system that is directly and permanently incorporated into the vehicle

frame in such a way as to prevent the additional risk of damage or weathering.

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5. METHODOLOGY

Hydraulic jacks and much other technological advancement such as automobile brakes

and dental chairs work on the basis of Pascal's Principle, named for Blaise Pascal, who

lived in the seventeenth century. Basically, the principle states that the pressure in a

closed container is the same at all points. Pressure is described mathematically by a

Force divided by Area. Therefore if you have two cylinders connected together, a small

one and a large one, and apply a small Force to the small cylinder, this would result in

a given pressure. By Pascal's Principle, this pressure would be the same in the larger

cylinder, but since the larger cylinder has more area, the force emitted by the second

cylinder would be greater. This is represented by rearranging the pressure formula P =

F/A, to F = PA. The pressure stayed the same in the second cylinder, but Area was

increased, resulting in a larger Force. The greater the differences in the areas of the

cylinders, the greater the potential force output of the big cylinder. A hydraulic jack is

simply two cylinders connected as described above. An enclosed fluid under pressure

exerts that pressure throughout its volume and against any surface containing it. That's

called 'Pascal's Principle. With the help of engine power we give the power to master

cylinder with the help of gear arrangement. Master cylinder pressurizes the oil and

sends pressurized oil to the manifold via hydraulic pipes. As a vehicle undergoes a tire

failure than first we will turn on the valve of Manifold of failed tire jack. It will operate

the failed tire jack, when power is given to the master cylinder by engine. Now when

power is given to the master cylinder than the fluid from the master cylinder will pass

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through the master cylinder and make the piston in the hydraulic cylinder (jack) to

move down and as the piston of hydraulic cylinder touches the ground than after further

strokes of master cylinder that tire start raising. This hydraulic jack system has six main

parts. These are the Master cylinder, Hydraulic jacks, Reservoir, Manifold, Non return

valve and valves. The reservoir holds hydraulic fluid. Master cylinder will draw the

fluid up and then create pressure on the down stroke as it pushes the fluid through the

check valve. This valve allows the fluid to leave the reservoir and enter the main

cylinder. In the main cylinder, the piston is forced up as the cylinder is filled with the

fluid.

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6. APPLICATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE

6.1. Applications:

The inbuilt hydraulic jacks system can be incorporate in any type of motor vehicle such

as:

 In small cars.

 In heavy loading vehicle like trucks and buses.

6.2. Future Scope: In heavy vehicles like crane and harvester. The arrangement of

inbuilt hydraulic jack system is designed for small car in this project work, but this

arrangement can be widely use in future for heavy vehicles also by making some small

modifications in current project.

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7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

7.1. Advantages:

 The maintenance of vehicle will be very easy.

 The servicing of vehicle will be easy and cheap.

 This type of system is very useful for ladies since during the problem of

puncher of tyres, they can easily change the wheel.

 Time saving of maintenance.

 This is also very useful for heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses, since there

is a common problem of breaking leaf spring plates, this system will help in

changing of leaf spring plates.

 A single person can go on a long drive.

 Since whole system is operated by battery, jacks will also work when vehicle

will not in starting condition.

 Both jacks can work at a single time also.

 Vehicle can easily wash at home also.

7.2. Disadvantages:

 Cost will increase slightly.

 Weight of vehicle will increase slightly.

 System cannot work without 12 volt DC current.

 System required maintenance also.

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8. RESULT AND CONCLUSIONS

An inbuilt hydraulic jack system can be easily attached to all currently manufacture

automobile chassis. There is a front suspension hydraulic jack that is mounted

externally to the front suspension of an automobile between its front wheels.

There is also a rear delay hydraulic jack that is mounted externally to the rear

suspension of the automobile between its wheels. The system operates on the hydraulic

power. This arrangement has many advantages such as maintenance and servicing of

vehicle. It reduce the security tension and easy to implement. Quick lifting is possible

and Suitable for heavy load for about 100 kg or 1000N. The force to be applied at the

working piston is 10 times lesser than the weight to be lifted. With the help of this

system the driving of vehicles will be easy. Arrangement is also very useful for heavy

loading vehicles and a single person can go on a long drive.

Automatic inbuilt jacking system in automobiles will not only save the effort of a

person but will also save one’s precious time under critical circumstances.

 This concept will eliminate the need of carrying a conventional mechanical jack

while travelling.

 Motor operated mechanical jacks are already in the market but the jack’s design

is the area of concern. In order to make built-in jack system practical, jack’s

shape and type need modification.

 Mechanical jacks are pretty easily operated but their effectiveness and

maintenance may become an issue as they will be move with chassis, constantly

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underneath hence, chances of rusting and damage is high.

 Hydraulic jacks look convenient to use and can also prove quite effective and

easy to maintain (as completely closed) in long run, they will provide more

power too but there are also some challenges like keeping low production cost

and designing of jack which can be carried with the chassis given, common

ground clearance level of an automobile, and keeping in check the increase in

weight of automobile.

 After successful implementation of the above idea in small passenger cars,

future developments can be made in design to apply the same in heavy duty

automobiles also.

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7. REFERENCES

[1] John Norman (2009), Fire Department Special Operations.

[2] Mueller, Pamela, and Thomas L. Mueller. "Built InPower Jack." U.S. Patent Number

4,993,688, 1991

[3] Mosley, David J. "Vehicle Mounted Hydraulic Jack System." U.S. Patent Number 5,

377,957,1995 [4] Parr, Andrew. Hydraulics and Pneumatics: A Technician's and Engineer's

Guide. 1st Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

[5] Improving hydraulic system en –ergy efficiency by hydraulic fluid Lindon K Lee.

[6] Radhika Kapoor, C. Malik Parveen, “Comparative Study on Various KERS”, Proceedings

on the World Congress on Engineering, Vol. 3, 2013.

[7] Mohammed Abuzaid, Prof. Surendra Agarwal ‘ Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in Automobile

Vehicles’, International Journal of innovations in Engineering and technology, P-76-85. Vol

2. Issue 2 April 2013.

[8] William Cox (July 2001), "Light Talk On Heavy Jacks", Old-House Journal: 37

[9] Ikechukwu Celestine Ugwuoke Olawale James Okegbile and Ibukun Blessing Ikechukwu,

“Development of a Foot Operated Hydraulic Lifter for Automobile Workshops”, International

Journal of emerging Trends in Engineering and Development, Issue 4, Volume 2, March 2014

[10] Pierre M Ghobert, Rene Lucien, Yves A Pascal, “Hydraulic jack”, US Patent; Patent

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number: US 3661052 A,May 1972

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