PROJECT

MANAGEMENT
Universiti Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia France Institute
Introduction
 Learning Outcomes
2

When you complete this course, you should be

able to :
To define the project, set the goal and
organize the team work.
To relate people, money, and supplies.
To monitor resources, costs, quality and
budgets of the project.
To revise / change plans.

Project Management
 Learning Outcomes
3

When you complete this course, you should be

able to :
Describe or Explain:

The role of the project manager

Program evaluation and review
technique (PERT)
Critical path method (CPM)

Project Management
 Course contents overview
4

• Introduction to Project
1 Management
• Project Management
2 Organization

3 • Project Planning

4 • Project Time Scheduling

5 • Budgeting and Cost estimation

6 • Project Monitoring and Control

Project Management
 1. Introduction to Project Management
5

1.1 Project Definition

1.2 Needs of Project Management

1.3 Ten rules in managing projects

1.4 Project life cycle

Project Management
 Project Definition
6

◻ “a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique

product or service”.
The Project Management Institute (PMI), USA

◻ “a discreet undertaking with defined objectives often

including time, cost and quality (performance) goals”.
The UK Association of Project Managers

Project Management
 Project Definition
7

◻ “a unique set of co-ordinated activities, with definite starting

and finishing points, undertaken by an individual or
organization to meet specific objectives with defined schedule
cost and performance parameters”.
The British Standards Institute

◻ “an endeavor in which human, material and financial resources

are organized in a novel way to undertake unique constraints of
cost and time, so as to achieve beneficial change defined by
quantitative and qualitative objectives”.
Turner (1992)

Project Management
 What is a Project?
8

◻ A project is a process to achieve a specific

objective and every project objective should be
established at the initial stage of the project. The
uniqueness of a project comes together with its
objectives.

Project Management
 Project Characteristics
9

1. A start and a finish

2. A time frame for completion
3. A unique product
4. An involvement of several people in an
ad-hoc basis
5. A limited set of resources
6. A sequencing of activities and phases
Project Management
 What is Project Management?
10

◻ The definition of project management stems

from the definition of a project and implies
some form of control over the planned process
of explicit change.

Project Management
 Project Management Definition
11

◻ “the art of directing and coordinating human and material

resources through the life of a project by using modern
management techniques to achieve predetermined goals of
scope, cost, time, quality and participant satisfaction”
PMI, USA

◻ “the planning, organising, monitoring and controlling of all

aspects of a project and the motivation of all involved to
achieve the project objectives safely and within agreed time,
cost and performance criteria”
UK Association of Project Managers

Project Management
 Why Project Management?
12

The basic purpose for initiating a project is to

accomplish some goals. The reason for
organizing the task as a project is to focus the
responsibility and authority for the attainment
of the goals on a individual or small group.

Project Management
 Fundamental of Management Process
13

Process of Management
Project Management
 Fundamental of Management Process
14

◻ There are basic concepts or functions that you should

remember in management process, namely:

Planning
Leading
Organising
Controlling

Project Management
 Planning
15

Planning is the first and arguably the most important step in

any project.
It includes anticipating trends and determining the best
strategies and tactics to achieve organisational goals and
objectives.
The need for good planning may be self-evident, but in
practice, it is often difficult to anticipate all the areas in
which forethought is essential.

Project Management
 Planning
16

◻ There are four forms of planning for project management:

Project Management
 Leading
17

means creating a vision for the organisation and

communicating, guiding, training, coaching and motivating
others to work effectively to achieve the organisation’s
goal and objectives.

Project Management
 Organising
18

includes designing the structure of the organisation and

creating conditions and systems in which everyone and
everything works together to achieve the organisational
goal and objectives.
Briefly, it is the arrangement of resources in a systematic
manner to fit with the project plan.

Project Management
 Controlling
19

establishing clear standards to determine whether an

organisation is progressing towards its goals and objectives,

rewarding people for doing a good job and taking

corrective action if they are not.
Basically, it means measuring whether what actually occurs,
meets the organisation’s goals.

Project Management
 Activity
20

1. Give several examples of projects found in

our society.
2. Select one project to describe the goal,
objectives, activities / tasks, resources (man
power, machines, raw material, time frame,
etc

Project Management
 Examples of Projects
21

Building Construction

Research Project

New product or
service

Design computer software

Project Management
 Needs of Project Management
22

The three primary forces behind project management

are:

The growing demand for complex,

1 customized goods and services
The exponential expansion of
2 human knowledge
The global product-consumption
3 environment

Project Management
 Needs of Project Management
23

Ultimate Goal

Get the project done –

• on time

• on scope

• on budget!

Project Management
 Ten rules in managing projects
24

1. Set a clear project Goal.

2. Determine the project Objectives.

3. Establish Checkpoints, Activities,

Relationships, and Time estimates.

4. Draw a picture of the project Schedule.

5. Direct people individually and as a project

team.
Project Management
 Ten rules in managing projects
25

6. Reinforce the commitment and excitement of

the project team.

7. Keep everyone connected with the project

Informed.

8. Build agreements that Vitalize team members.

9. Empower yourself and others on the project

team.

10. Encourage Risk taking and creativity.

Project Management
 Ten rules in managing projects
26

Effective project managers build good plans - GO-

CARTS - to get them from the start of the race to the
finish. However, even the best built GO-CARTS do
not produce a winner without a skilful DRIVER.

When you effectively build GO-CARTS and learn

how to be a skilful DRIVER, you can get your projects
over the finish line without crashing.

Project Management
Project Management 26
 Ten rules in managing projects
27

Effective project managers build good plans - GO-

CARTS - to get them from the start of the race to the
finish. However, even the best built GO-CARTS do not
produce a winner without a skilful DRIVER.

When you effectively build GO-CARTS and learn

how to be a skilful DRIVER, you can get your projects
over the finish line without crashing.

Project Management
 Ten rules in managing projects
28

Effective project managers build good plans - GO-

CARTS - to get them from the start of the race to the
finish. However, even the best built GO-CARTS do not
produce a winner without a skilful DRIVER.

When you effectively build GO-CARTS and learn

how to be a skilful DRIVER, you can get your projects
over the finish line without crashing.

Project Management
 Project life cycle
29
Abstract
Concept
Phase
Plan
Proposal
&
Organize
Performance
Plan
or
Post
Validation work
Accomplishment
accomplishment
Phase

Defining Planning Executing Delivering

Stage Stage Stage Stage

Concrete

Start Project Management End

 Project life cycle
30

Cost &
Staffing Initial Intermediate Final
Level
phase phase phase

Time

Project Management
 Project life cycle
31

Overlap of Process Groups in a Phase

Cost &
Staffing Initial Intermediate Final
Level phase phase phase

Executing

Planning
Initiating
Controlling
Controlling Delivering

Time
Project Management
 Project life cycle
32

Project Completion vs. Time

100 %
Slow finish

% project
completion Quick momentum

Slow start

Project Management Time

 Project life cycle
Level of Effort vs. Time
33

Peak effort level

Level of effort

Conception Selection Planning, scheduling, monitoring, Evaluation and

control termination Time
Project Management
 Summary
34

◻ The six basic features of a project are:

It has specific objectives.
Unique in some way.
Has a definite start and finish.
The commitment of resources, human, material and
financial.
Management of diversity.
Management of risk and uncertainty.

Project Management
 Summary
35

◻ Ideally, project consists of four work stages, which

start from defining stage, followed by planning
stage, then executing stage and finally delivering
stage.
◻ Each of the stages has different levels of activity
intensity depending upon duration of the project.

Project Management
 Summary
36

◻ Project management is conceptually about managing

an organization using internal and external resources
to achieve the organizational goals and objectives.
◻ Four management functions in the management
process are planning, leading, organizing and
controlling (PLOC) and amongst all, planning is the
heart of the management process.

Project Management