IRREGULAR VERBS <1> IRREGULAR VERBS <2>
Here are the most common irregular verbs. They are in groups according to similarity (2) TYPE A-B-B VERBS
to help you to learn them. We distinguish five types. We indicate the infinitive by the
letter A, change to B if the past simple changes, and then to C if the past participle is bring /brIN/ brought /brO;t/ brought /brO;t/ traer
different from the past simple. build /bIld/ built /bIlt/ built /bIlt/ construir
burn (r.) /b3;n/ burnt /b3;nt/ burnt /b3;nt/ quemar, arder
buy /baI/ bought /bO;t/ bought /bO;t/ comprar
INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE P. PARTICIPLE MEANING
catch /kætS/ caught /kO;t/ caught /kO;t/ coger
(1) TYPE A-B-C VERBS dream (r.) /dri;m/ dreamt /dremt/ dreamt /dremt/ soñar
feed /fi;d/ fed /fed/ fed /fed/ alimentar
be /bi;/ was, were /wQz, w3;/ been /bi;n/ ser, estar
feel /fi;l/ felt /felt/ felt /felt/ sentir
begin /bIgI
/bIgIn/ began /bIgæ
/bIgæn/ begun /bIgV
/bIgVn/ empezar
fight /faIt/ fought /fO;t/ fought /fO;t/ luchar
bite /baIt/ bit /bIt/ bitten /bItn/ morder
find /faInd/ found /faUnd/ found /faUnd/ encontrar
blow /bl@U/ blew /blu;/ blown /bl@Un/ soplar, sonarse
get /get/ got /gQt/ got /gQt/ obtener
break /breIk/ broke /br@Uk/ broken /br@Uk@ºn/ romper
have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/ tener
choose /tSu;z/ chose /tS@Uz/ chosen /tS@Uzn/ elegir
hear /hI@(r)/ heard /h3;d/ heard /h3;d/ oir
do /du;/ did /dId/ done /dVn/ hacer
hold /h@Uld/ held /held/ held /held/ sostener, sujetar
draw /drO;/ drew /dru;/ drawn /drO;n/ dibujar
keep /ki;p/ kept /kept/ kept /kept/ guardar, mantener
drink /drINk/ drank /dræNk/ drunk /drVNk/ beber
learn (r.) /l3;n/ learnt /l3;nt/ learnt /l3;nt/ aprender
drive /draIv/ drove /dr@Uv/ driven /drIvn/ conducir
leave /li;v/ left /left/ left /left/ dejar, marcharse
eat /i;t/ ate /et [eIt]/ eaten /i;tn/ comer
lend /lend/ lent /lent/ lent /lent/ prestar
fall /fO;l/ fell /fel/ fallen /fO;l@ºn/ caer
lose /lu;z/ lost /lQst/ lost /lQst/ perder
fly /flaI/ flew /flu;/ flown /fl@Un/ volar, viajar en avión
make /meIk/ made /meId/ made /meId/ hacer
forbid /f@bI
/f@bId/ forbade /f@beI
/f@beId/
eId/ forbidden /f@bI
/f@bIdn/ prohibir
mean /mi;n/ meant /ment meant /ment/ querer decir
forget /f@ge
/f@get/ forgot /f@gQ
/f@gQt/ forgotten /f@gQ
/f@gQtn/ olvidar
meet /mi;t/ met /met/ met /met/ conocer, encontrarse
forgive /f@gI
/f@gIv/ forgave /f@geI
/f@geIv/
eIv/ forgiven /f@gI
/f@gIvn/ perdonar
pay /peI/ paid /peId/ paid /peId/ pagar
freeze /fri;z/ froze /fr@Uz/ frozen /fr@Uzn/ congelar, helarse
read /ri;d/ read /red/ read /red/ leer
give /gIv/ gave /geIv/ given /gIvn/ dar
say /seI/ said /sed/ said /sed/ decir
go /g@U/ went /went/ gone, been /gQn/ ir
sell /sel/ sold /s@Uld/ sold /s@Uld/ vender
grow /gr@U/ grew /gru;/ grown /gr@Un/ crecer, cultivar
send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/ enviar
hide /haId/ hid /hId/ hidden /hIdn/ esconder, ocultar
shine /SaIn/ shone /SQn/ shone /SQn/ brillar
know /n@U/ knew /nju;/ known /n@Un/ saber, conocer
shoot /Su;t/ shot /SQt/ shot /SQt/ disparar
ride /raId/ rode /r@Ud/ ridden /rIdn/ montar
sit /sIt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/ sentarse
ring /rIN/ rang /ræN/ rung /rVN/ llamar, sonar
sleep /sli;p/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/ dormir
rise /raIz/ rose /r@Uz/ risen /rIzn/ subir, elevarse
smell /smel/ smelt /smelt/ smelt /smelt/ oler
see /si;/ saw /sO;/ seen /si;n/ ver
spell /spel/ spelt /spelt/ spelt /spelt/ deletrear
shake /SeIk/ shook /SUk/ shaken /SeIk@ºn/ agitar
spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/ gastar, pasar [tiempo]
show /S@U/ showed /S@Ud/ shown /S@Un/ mostrar
stand /stænd/ stood /stUd/ stood /stUd/ estar de pie
sing /sIN/ sang /sæN/ sung /sVN/ cantar
teach /ti;tS/ taught /tO;t/ taught /tO;t/ enseñar
speak /spi;k/ spoke /sp@Uk/ spoken /sp@Uk@ºn/ hablar
tell /tel/ told /t@Uld/ told /t@Uld/ decir, contar
steal /sti;l/ stole /st@Ul/ stolen /st@Ul@ºn/ robar
think /TINk/ thought /TO;t/ thought /TO;t/ pensar
swim /swIm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swVm/ nadar
understand understood understood entender
take /teIk/ took /tUk/ taken /teIk@ºn/ coger, llevar
win /wIn/ won /wVn/ won /wVn/ ganar
throw /Tr@U/ threw /Tru;/ thrown /Tr@Un/ tirar, lanzar
wake /weIk/ woke /w@Uk/ woken /w@Uk@ºn/ despertarse
wear /we@(r)/ wore /wO;(r)/ worn /wO;n/ llevar (ropa)
write /raIt/ wrote /r@Ut/ written /rItn/ escribir
IRREGULAR VERBS <3> IRREGULAR VERBS <4>
(3) TYPE A-A-A VERBS NOTES: 1 The verbs 'lay' and 'pay' are regular in pronunciation, but the spellings 'laid'
and 'paid' are irregular (compare 'stayed')
cost /kQst/ cost /kQst/ cost /kQst/ costar 2 The verb 'lie' meaning 'not telling the truth' is regular: lie - lied - lied.
cut /kVt/ cut /kVt/ cut /kVt/ cortar
hit /hIt/ hit /hIt/ hit /hIt/ golpear PAST SIMPLE CROSSWORD
hurt /h3;t/ hurt /h3;t/ hurt /h3;t/ doler, lastimar
let /let/ let /let/ let /let/ permitir, dejar
put /pUt/ put /pUt/ put /pUt/ poner
set /set/ set /set/ set /set/ colocar, estar situado
shut /SVt/ shut /SVt/ shut /SVt/ cerrar
(4) TYPE A-B-A VERBS
become /bIkV
/bIkVm/ became /bIkeI
/bIkeIm/
eIm/ become /bIkV
/bIkVm/ llegar a ser
come /kVm/ came /keIm/ come /kVm/ venir
run /rVn/ ran /ræn/ run /rVn/ correr
(5) TYPE A-A-B VERBS - there's only one.
beat /bi;t/ beat /bi;t/ beaten /bi;tn/ golpear, vencer
OTHER VERBS
bet /bet/ bet /bet/ bet /bet/ apostar
burst /b3;st/ burst /b3;st/ burst /b3;st/ reventar, estallar
creep /kri;p/ crept /krept/ crept /krept/ reptar
deal /di;l/ dealt /delt/ dealt /delt/ tratar
dig /dIg/ dug /dVg/ dug /dVg/ cavar, hurgar
hang /hæN/ hung /hVN/ hung /hVN/ colgar
lay /leI/ laid /leId/ laid /leId/ poner, colocar
lead /li;d/ led /led/ led /led/ dirigir, llevar
lean (r.) /li;n/ leant /lent/ leant /lent/ apoyarse, inclinarse
lie /laI/ lay /leI/ lain /leIn/ tumbarse, yacer
light /laIt/ lit /lIt/ lit /lIt/ encender
mistake /mIsteI
/mIsteIk/
eIk/ mistook /mIstU
/mIstUk/ mistaken /mIsteI
/mIsteIkn/
eIkn/ confundir, equivocar
sink /sINk/ sank /sæNk/ sunk /sVNk/ hundir(se)
slide /slaId/ slid /slId/ slid /slId/ deslizarse ACROSS DOWN
spill (r.) /spIl/ spilt /spIlt/ spilt /spIlt/ verter, derrarmarse 2 take (4) 3 cost (4) 5 stand (5) 1 sell (4) 4 sing (4) 6 drive (5)
spit /spIt/ spat /spæt/ spat /spæt/ escupir 8 read (4) 10 fall (4) 11 begin (5) 7 run (3) 9 choose (5) 10 fight (6)
spoil (r.) /spOIl/ spoilt /spOIlt/ spoilt /spOIlt/ echar a perder 13 become (6) 14 speak (5) 16 give (4) 11 bring (7) 12 catch (6) 13 blow (4)
spread /spred/ spread /spred/ spread /spred/ extender 17 throw (5) 18 think (7) 25 eat (3) 15 forget (6) 19 hold (4) 20 get (3)
stick /stIk/ stuck /stVk/ stuck /stVk/ pegar, clavar 26 lend (4) 27 find (5) 28 keep (4) 21 come (4) 22 send (4) 23 leave (4)
swear /swe@(r)/ swore /swO;(r)/ sworn /swO;n/ jurar 30 feel (4) 32 have (3) 34 say (4) 24 teach (6) 29 pay (4) 30 feed (3)
sweep /swi;p/ swept /swept/ swept /swept/ barrer, apartar 35 meet (3) 36 ride (4) 37 wear (4) 31 know (4) 33 draw (4) 34 sleep (5)
tear /te@(r)/ tore /tO;(r)/ torn /tO;n/ rasgar, romper 38 do (3) 39 write (5) 35 make (4)
