Automatic Airway

Navigation and Smart Management

Pragya Nahar, [email protected], Dipti Rathore,[email protected], Mrs. Vinita Mathur

Electronics and Communication department, Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Abstract- In day to day life we depend on reliable and cost effective to the government
transportation like cars, buses, but for long and and private agencies.
smooth journey we take airways. Due to
increasing population, demands of airplanes
are increasing which hence increases the air
traffic. More ground slots are required at peak
time. Increasing of slots might help but is not Keywords-aircraft, air traffic, ground controller,
much economical. Hence, there is an urgent runway.
need to have smart solution to get the best from
the technology. I. INTRODUCTION

Behind the smooth journey of an

The present situation in most of the Indian
aircraft, air traffic controllers play the crucial
airports is using manual communication between
role at ground level. Smart runway navigation
the airport and aircraft. The airport personnel will
system helps the ground technicians to track
manually check out for the climatic conditions,
and sense the various components of the
runway parameters, air traffic, and various other
runway and safe landing of an aircraft.
information and report it to the pilot. Having all
Traditionally, Pilots are dependent on field
the runway parameters, then the pilot decides
marking, signs and a paper chart for point to
whether to land immediately or wait for some
point navigation. Automatic Airway navigation
time. In this process of manual operations, there
ensures the safety, security, speed and location
may be some human errors occurring leading to
tracking. Aircrafts travel at high speeds
disasters. Therefore, to reduce the manual efforts
requires highly accurate calculation and they
and human errors, we need to have some kind of
are also limited by the amount of fuel they
automated system monitoring all the parameters
carry. The real time information about next
and functioning of the communications between
arriving flight, runway time and number is
the pilot and the airport personnel. The
displayed to the ground level scientists, the
automation system should have the ability to
arriving and departing plane within the
control the air traffic, having the information
seconds for no collision. It will then calculate
about the airport. It should acquire the flight
the speed, position of the airplane regardless of
information, compare with the pre-stored
line of sight communication .If the runway is
information about the flight and take appropriate
not clear then it will inform the other plane for
actions for its landing. Further, the system has to
the traffic control at runway .The technology
make announcements to inform the passengers
used is highly
waiting for the arrival / departure of flights, and
control the conveyor belt for the delivery of
luggage. The communication between the air
traffic controller and the pilot is setup using airport vehicle safety, security, and operational
Global System for Mobile Communication functions, including: automatic on-vehicle driver
Technology (GSM) or real time tracking is done authentication and access control; speed
by GPS. When an aircraft’s navigation system has monitoring; impact sensing; and remote location
a little more intelligence: the ability to scan and tracking.GPS aircraft tracking is a method used to
receive signals from multiple such radio ground collect data from an aircraft’s flight path. The
stations, or from self contained navigation aids, controller on ground will find all the data required
such as the Inertial Reference System (IRS), or from GPS. The device has been embedded into the
from the globally available GPS satellite aircraft with a sensor that sends information in
constellation, and determine the aircraft’s position real time to a local communication network. This
in terms of the World Geodesic System 1984 lets the data be analyzed and recorded to provide
(WGS-84) coordinates, it provides the ability to the airplane’s position in real time. The ground
determine the aircraft’s absolute position, rather controller will sends a message to the pilot for
than referencing it to a sparse set of radio stations. appropriate landing and the status of the runway.
If it is busy, then controller will inform the
II. CURRENT STATISTICS airplane in order to avoid catastrophe. Controller
can monitor the speed, position etc of the airplane
Independent of line-of-sight communication. Low
power consumption with battery life ranging from
months to years. Highly reliable, cost effective
and compact in size are its features.

Pilot can also send and receive the messages .in

case if it sends the message to the controller,
controller analyses the flight information, and
compares it with the pre-defined values. The
Figure 1 controller shall check for the authenticity of the
arriving flights with the stored database of all the
Figure 1: Passengers carried by domestic airlines during Jan-Nov 2017 flights and pilots.
were 1059.34 lakhs as against 903.36 lakhs during the corresponding period
of previous year thereby registering a growth of 17.27%
The message sent by the pilot would consist of
pilot identification, flight identification, flight
class, number of onboard passengers, and flight
technical details. To this message, the ground
based air traffic controller would reply with the
parameters with which the flight has to approach
the runway, and the exact geographical location of
the runway, and the time at which it has to
descend. The controller could add miscellaneous
information about the climatic conditions, and the
condition of the runway.
Figure 2
During this process, the controller simultaneously
Figure 2 : On-Time Performance (OTP) of scheduled domestic airlines has
been computed for four metro airports viz. Bengaluru, Delhi, Hyderabad has to announce the arriving flight name, and its
and Mumbai. Airline-wise OTP at four metro airports for the month of Nov time. Once the flight has landed, then it has to
2017. control the appropriate conveyor belts for
delivering the luggage of the passengers.
III. WORKING Secondly, for the departing flights, it has to
inform the waiting passengers to load the luggage
The project designs a wireless Vehicle
onto the conveyor belts and move towards the
Management System that provides a wide range of flight. Using the GSM, the air traffic controller
communicates with the pilot. Every pilot in his  Real time tracking helps to avoid the
aircraft is provided with another GSM for delays
retrieving and sending the messages. Two GSM
with one GPS can be used for error less tracking
or we can use the Zigbee and a GPS module.
Larger crafts with more complicated fuel systems IV. CONCLUSION
often use sophisticated systems based around
capacitance probes. Fuel relies on pressure and
temperature sensors to ensure proper rates of fuel The basic process of finding the best route and
injection and to prevent harmful condensation. landing safely would be simple if it wasn't for the
Fuel gauge is used for sensing the same.
thousands of flights dodging each other every day.
Aircraft indicator is used for indicating the plane’s The role technology plays in this process is,
speed climate sensor to sense the relative climate, perhaps surprisingly, fairly minimal. The
ambient temperature and humidity level.
equipment looks impressive, and no flights would
Vehicle detection loop is installed in runways for take off without being able to communicate with
detecting the traffic; it can detect the arriving or controllers, but the crux of the system still comes
passing traffic at certain points.
down to human decision-making. While human
decision-making and spatial awareness are still the
SENSORS integral parts of the process, technology continues
to improve it. Better presentation of flight data
and improved distribution of flights between
real time MICRO GSM
tracking CONTROLLER module controllers has reduced the workload associated
device (SMS)
with every flight, helping staff to handle more
flights at a time.

LCD
V. REFERENCES

[1] McDougall, Glen; Roberts, Alasdair S

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