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Genaral Details of A Transformer

A transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction without changing frequency. It does this by increasing or decreasing the voltage and current using a primary and secondary winding around an iron core. Transformers come in various sizes but all function to transform electrical power by manipulating the voltage. Key parts include the input and output connections, windings, and core, with the ratio of winding turns determining whether it is a step-up or step-down transformer.

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87 views3 pages

Genaral Details of A Transformer

A transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction without changing frequency. It does this by increasing or decreasing the voltage and current using a primary and secondary winding around an iron core. Transformers come in various sizes but all function to transform electrical power by manipulating the voltage. Key parts include the input and output connections, windings, and core, with the ratio of winding turns determining whether it is a step-up or step-down transformer.

Uploaded by

shalu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENARAL DETAILS OF A TRANSFORMER

A transformer is an electrical device which, by the principles of electromagnetic


induction, transfers electrical energy from one electric circuit to another, without
changing the frequency. The energy transfer usually takes place with a change of
voltage and current. Transformers either increases or decreases AC voltage.
Transformers are used to meet a wide variety of needs. Some transformers can be
Several stories high, like the type found at a generating station or small enough to
hold in your hand,which might be used with the charging cradle for a video
camera. No matter what the shape or size, a transformers purpose remains the
same: transforming electrical power from one type to another, There are many
different types of transformers in use today. This resource will take a closer look at
Power Transformers, Auto Transformers, Distribution Transformers, Instrument
Transformers, Isolation Transformers, Potential Transformers and Current
Transformers.

How Transformers Work

It is important to remember that transformers do not generate electrical power; they


transfer electrical power from one AC circuit to another using magnetic coupling.
The core of the transformer is used to provide a controlled path for the magnetic
flux generated in the transformer by the current flowing through the windings,
which are also known as coils. There are four primary parts to the basic
transformer. The parts include the Input Connection, the Output Connection, the
Windings or Coils and the Core.

 Input Connections-The input side of a transformer is called the primary


side because the main electrical power to be changed is connected at this
point.
 Output Connections-The output side or secondary side of the transformer

is where the electrical power is sent to the load. Depending on the

requirement of the load, the incoming electric power is either increased or

decreased.

 Winding-Transformers have two windings, being the primary winding and


the secondary winding. The primary winding is the coil that draws power

from the source. The secondary winding is the coil that delivers the energy

at the transformed or changed voltage to the load. Usually ,these two coils are
subdivided into several coils in order to reduce the creation of flux.

 Core-The transformer core is used to provide a controlled path for the


magnetic flux generated in the transformer. The core is generally not a solid
bar of steel, rather a construction of many thin laminated steel sheets
orlayers.This construction is used to help eliminate and reduce heating.
ransformers generally have one of two types of cores:Core Type and Shell
Type.These two types are distinguished from each other by the manner in
which the primary and secondary coils are place around the steel core.
o Core type-With this type,the windings surround the laminated core.
o Shell type-With this type,the windings are surrounded by the
laminated core.

When an input voltage is applied to the primary winding,alternating current starts

to flow in the primary winding.As the current flows,a changing magnetic field is
set up in the transformer core.As this magnetic field cuts across the secondary
winding,alternating voltage is produced in the secondary winding.The ratio
between the number of actual turns of wire in each coil is the key in determining
the type of transformer and what the output voltage will be.The ratio between
output voltage and input voltage is the same as the ratio of the number of turns
betweenthe two windings,A transformers output voltage is greater than the input
voltage if the secondary winding has more turns of wire than the primary
winding.The output voltage is stepped up,and considered to be a"step-up
transformer",If the secondary winding has fewer turns than the primary
winding,the output voltage is lower.This is a"step-down transformer".

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