Angles in a Unit Circle

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and angular
measures of arcs in a unit circle.

convert degree measure to radian measure, and vice versa.

illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles.

Lesson Outline

Linear and angular measure of arcs

Conversion of degree to radian, and vice versa

Arc length and area of the sector

Angle in standard position and coterminal angles

Circular Functions

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

illustrate the di erent circular functions; and

use reference angles to nd exact values of circular functions.

Lesson Outline

Circular functions

Reference angles

Graphs of Circular Functions and Situational Problems

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

determine the domain and range of the di erent circular functions;

graph the six circular functions with its amplitude, period, and phase shift;
and

solve situational problems involving circular functions.

Lesson Outline

Domain and range of circular functions

Graphs of circular functions

Amplitude, period, and phase shift

Fundamental Trigonometric Identities

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

determine whether an equation is an identity or a conditional equation;

derive the fundamental trigonometric identities;

simplify trigonometric expressions using fundamental trigonometric identi-

ties; and

prove other trigonometric identities using fundamental trigonometric identi-

ties.

Lesson Outline

Domain of an equation

Identity and conditional equation

Fundamental trigonometric identities

Proving trigonometric identities

Sum and Di erence Identities

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

 At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

derive trigonometric identities involving sum and di erence of two angles;

simplify trigonometric expressions using fundamental trigonometric identities

and sum and di erence identities;

prove other trigonometric identities using fundamental trigonometric identi-

ties and sum and di erence identities; and

solve situational problems involving trigonometric identities.

Lesson Outline

The sum and di erence identities for cosine, sine, and tangent functions

Cofunction identities

Double-Angle and Half-Angle Identities

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

derive the double-angle and half-angle identities;

simplify trigonometric expressions using known identities;

prove other trigonometric identities using known identities; and

solve situational problems involving trigonometric identities.

The double-angle and half-angle identities for cosine, sine, and tangent

More trigonometric identities

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

graph the six basic inverse trigonometric functions;

illustrate the domain and range of the inverse trigonometric functions;

evaluate inverse trigonometric expressions; and

solve situational problems involving inverse trigonometric functions.

Lesson Outline

De nitions of the six inverse trigonometric functions

Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions

Domain and range of inverse trigonometric functions

Evaluation of inverse trigonometric expressions

. Trigonometric Equations

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

solve trigonometric equations; and

solve situational problems involving trigonometric equations.

Lesson Outline

De nition of a trigonometric equation

Solution to a trigonometric equation

Techniques of solving a trigonometric equation

Polar Coordinate System

Learning Outcomes of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, the student is able to:

locate points in polar coordinate system;

convert the coordinates of a point from rectangular to polar system and vice
versa; and

solve situational problems involving polar coordinate system.

 236

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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2016.
Lesson Outline

Polar coordinate system: pole and polar axis

Polar coordinates of a point and its location

Conversion from polar to rectangular coordinates, and vice versa

Simple graphs and applications

To the Precalculus Learners

The Precalculus course bridges basic mathematics and calculus. This course
completes your foundational knowledge on algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. It
provides you with conceptual understanding and computational skills that are
prerequisites for Basic Calculus and future STEM courses.

Based on the Curriculum Guide for Precalculus of the Department of Edu-

cation (see pages 2-5), the primary aim of this Learning Manual is to give you
an adequate stand-alone material that can be used for the Grade 11
Precalculus course.

The Manual is divided into three units: analytic geometry, summation no-
tation and mathematical induction, and trigonometry. Each unit is composed of
lessons that bring together related learning competencies in the unit. Each
lesson is further divided into sub-lessons that focus on one or two competencies
for e ective learning.

At the end of each lesson, more examples are given in Solved Examples to
reinforce the ideas and skills being developed in the lesson. You have the
oppor-tunity to check your understanding of the lesson by solving the
Supplementary Problems. Finally, two sets of Topic Test are included to prepare
you for the exam.

Answers, solutions, or hints to odd-numbered items in the Supplementary

Problems and all items in the Topic Tests are provided at the end of the Manual
to guide you while solving them. We hope that you will use this feature of the
Manual responsibly.

Some items are marked with a star. A starred sub-lesson means the
discussion and accomplishment of the sub-lesson are optional. This will be
decided by your teacher. On the other hand, a starred example or exercise
means the use of calculator is required.

We hope that you will nd this Learning Manual helpful and convenient to use.
We encourage you to carefully study this Manual and solve the exercises
yourselves with the guidance of your teacher. Although great e ort has been put
into this Manual for technical correctness and precision, any mistake found and
reported to the Team is a gain for other students. Thank you for your
cooperation.