The Real Number System

Q
Z W
N IR

Presented By: Prince

Objectives
 Real
Number

Real
Number

Real
Number
What does it Mean?
 Real Numbers
REAL NUMBERS 154,769,852,354
1.333

-5,632.1010101256849765…
-8

61
π
49%
549.23789
 The Real Number Line
Any real number corresponds to a point on the real
number line.

Order Property for Real Numbers

 
Given any two real numbers a and b, 
- if a is to the left of b on the number line, then a < b.
- if a is to the right of b on the number line, then a > b.
 Real Number System Tree Diagram

Real Numbers

Rational Irrational
Numbers Numbers

Terminating Repeating
Integers Decimals Decimals
Non-Terminating
And
Whole Non-Repeating
Numbers Negative #’s
Decimals

Natural #’s Zero

Two Kinds of Real Numbers
Rational Numbers
 Examples of Rational
Numbers
•16 •-8
•1/2 •1.3333…
•3.56 •- 3/4
 Integers

One Of the subsets Of

ratiOnal numbers
 What are integers?
• Integers are the whole numbers and their
opposites.
• Examples of integers are
6
-12
0
186
-934
 What are integers?.......

• Integers are rational numbers because they can be

written as fraction with 1 as the denominator.
Types of Integers
 REAL NUMBERS

NATURAL
Numbers
WHOLE
Numbers
IRRATIONAL
Numbers
INTEGERS

RATIONAL
Numbers
Irrational Numbers
Irrational numbers can be written only as
decimals that do not terminate or repeat. They
cannot be written as the quotient of two
integers. If a whole number is not a perfect
square, then its square root is an irrational
number.

Caution!
A repeating decimal may not appear to
repeat on a calculator, because
calculators show a finite number of digits.
Examples of Irrational
Numbers
• Pi
 Try this!
• a) Irrational
a) 2
• b) Irrational
b) 12
• c) Rational
c) 25
d) 5 • d) Rational
11

e) 66 • e) Irrational
 Additional Example 1: Classifying Real
Numbers

Write all classifications that apply to each

number.

A. 5 5 is a whole number that is

not a perfect square.
irrational, real

B. –12.75 –12.75 is a terminating decimal.

rational, real

16 16 4
C. = =2
2 2 2
whole, integer, rational, real
A fraction with a denominator of 0 is undefined because you cannot
divide by zero. So it is not a number at all.
 Additional Example 2: Determining the
Classification of All Numbers

State if each number is rational,

irrational, or not a real number.

A. 21

irrational

0 0
B. =0
3 3
rational
 Additional Example 2: Determining the
Classification of All Numbers

State if each number is rational,

irrational, or not a real number.

4
C. 0

not a real number

Objective
 Comparing Rational and
Irrational Numbers
• When comparing different forms of
rational and irrational numbers,
convert the numbers to the same
form.

3
Compare -3 7 and -3.571
(convert -3 37 to -3.428571…

-3.428571… > -3.571

Practice
Ordering Rational and
Irrational Numbers
 Example
• Order these numbers from least to
greatest.
¹/₄, 75%, .04, 10%, ⁹/₇

¹/₄ becomes 0.25

75% becomes 0.75
0.04 stays 0.04
10% becomes 0.10
⁹/₇ becomes 1.2857142…

Answer: 0.04, 10%, ¹/₄, 75%, ⁹/₇

 Practice
Order these from least to greatest:
 Objectives
• TSW identify the rules associated
computing with integers.

• TSW compute with integers

Examples: Use the number line
if necessary.
-5 0 5
1) (-4) + 8 =
4
2) (-1) + (-3) =
-4
3) 5 + (-7) =
-2
 Addition Rule
1) When the signs are the same,
ADD and keep the sign.
(-2) + (-4) = -6
2) When the signs are different,
SUBTRACT and use the sign of the
larger number.
(-2) + 4 = 2
2 + (-4) = -2
Karaoke Time!
 -1 + 3 = ?

1. -4
2. -2
3. 2
4. 4
Answer Now
 -6 + (-3) = ?

1. -9
2. -3
3. 3
4. 9
Answer Now
 The additive inverses (or
opposites) of two numbers add
to equal zero.
Example: The additive inverse of 3 is
-3
Proof: 3 + (-3) = 0
We will use the additive
inverses for subtraction
problems.
 What’s the difference
between
7 - 3 and 7 + (-3) ?
7 - 3 = 4 and 7 + (-3) = 4
The only difference is that 7 - 3 is a
subtraction problem and 7 + (-3) is an
addition problem.
“SUBTRACTING IS THE SAME AS
ADDING THE OPPOSITE.”
(Keep-change-change)
 When subtracting, change the
subtraction to adding the opposite (keep-
change-change) and then follow your
addition rule.
Example #1: - 4 - (-7)
- 4 + (+7)
Diff. Signs --> Subtract and use larger sign.
3
Example #2: -3-7
- 3 + (-7)
Same Signs --> Add and keep the sign.
-10
 Which is equivalent to
-12 – (-3)?
1. 12 + 3
2. -12 + 3
3. -12 - 3
4. 12 - 3
Answer Now
 7 – (-2) = ?

1. -9
2. -5
3. 5
4. 9
Answer Now
 Review

1) If the problem is addition, follow your addition rule.

2) If the problem is subtraction, change subtraction

to adding the opposite (keep-change-change)
and then follow the addition rule.
State the rule for multiplying and
dividing integers….
If the If the
signs signs are
are the different,
same,
the the
answer
will be
positive.
+ answer
will be
negative.
 1. -8 * 3 What’s
Different 4. 6 ÷ (-3)
Signs
The
-24 Negative -2
Rule?
Answer
Start inside ( ) first

2. -2 * -61 5. - (20/-5)
122 - (-4)
4
3. (-3)(6)(1) Same
(-18)(1) Signs
6. −408
Positive
-18
−6
e
a ke

Answer
tim
at a
o st t

68
Tw Ju
 7. At midnight the temperature is 8°C.
If the temperature rises 4°C per hour,
what is the temperature at 6 am?
How much
How long 6 +4 does the
Is it from
Midnight hours degrees temperature
rise each
to 6 am?
hour?

(6 hours)(4 degrees per hour)

Add this to
= 24 degrees the original temp.

8° + 24° = 32°C
 8. A deep-sea diver must move up or down in
the water in short steps in order to avoid
getting a physical condition called the bends.
Suppose a diver moves up to the surface in
five steps of 11 feet. Represent her total
movements as a product of integers, and find
the product.

Multiply
Wha
t
does
This (5 steps) (11 feet)
mean
?
(55 feet)
5 * 11 = 55
 Summary
• What did you learn in this lesson?
• What are some important facts to
remember about the real number
system?
• Is there something within the lesson
that you need help on?
Thank you !!!