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Insertion Anomaly: Multiple Tuples Data To Be Updated

The document discusses three types of database anomalies: insertion anomalies, which occur when attributes from different entities are combined in a single relation, preventing new tuples from being inserted; deletion anomalies, which happen when deleting a record unintentionally removes data about a separate entity; and modification anomalies, where updating a single attribute requires modifying multiple tuples.

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Mohammad Adil Choudhary
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47 views

Insertion Anomaly: Multiple Tuples Data To Be Updated

The document discusses three types of database anomalies: insertion anomalies, which occur when attributes from different entities are combined in a single relation, preventing new tuples from being inserted; deletion anomalies, which happen when deleting a record unintentionally removes data about a separate entity; and modification anomalies, where updating a single attribute requires modifying multiple tuples.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Adil Choudhary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Anomalies

 Insertion Anomaly

 The insert anomaly refers to a situation in which you cannot insert a new tuple into relation
because of an artificial dependency of another relation

 The error that has caused the anomaly is that attributes of two different entities are mixed into
the same relation

 Deletion Anomaly

 Deletion Anomaly occurs when a record is deleted from the relation.

 It refers to a situation where in a deletion of data about one particular entity causes unintended
loss of data that characterizes another entity.

 Modification Anomaly

 The update anomaly refers to a situation in which an update of a single data value requires
multiple tuples data to be updated

 Modification in the value of specific attribute requires the modification in all records in which
that value occurs

Try to identify the possible Database Anomalies in the following table.

Insert, Delete, Update/Modify Anomalies

Course_Id(P.K.) Std_Id(P.K.) Std_Name F_id Room Grade


CS435 1020 Ali F234 104 B
CS437 1020 Ali F456 106
CS435 1038 Irfan F234 104 B, C
CS437 1015 Ahmed F456 106 A
CS444 1017 Aftab F456 106 A

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