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Maths Project

The document discusses different types of cryptarithms including alphametics, digimetics, and skeletal division. It provides examples of alphametic puzzles where letters are substituted for numbers to solve mathematical equations. Strategies for solving alphametic puzzles include considering that the leftmost letter cannot be 0, each letter maps to only one number, and properties of addition, multiplication and squares.

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rusha
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929 views

Maths Project

The document discusses different types of cryptarithms including alphametics, digimetics, and skeletal division. It provides examples of alphametic puzzles where letters are substituted for numbers to solve mathematical equations. Strategies for solving alphametic puzzles include considering that the leftmost letter cannot be 0, each letter maps to only one number, and properties of addition, multiplication and squares.

Uploaded by

rusha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my Math's Sir , ----------- , for giving me such an


interesting project .i have learnta lot about planning a house in this
project . I alsothank my parents for their constant help andsupport
for me during this project.

A cryptarithm is just a math puzzle or a math


riddle. We can turn any regular addition,
subtraction, multiplication, or division problem
into a cryptarithm by replacing the numbers
with letters.
Cryptarithm was originally called crypt-arithmetic

Pg--
Alphametic
A type of cryptarithm in which a
set of words is written down in the
form of a long addition sum or
some other mathematical
problem.The object is to replace the
letters of the alphabet with decimal
digits to make a valid arithmetic
sum.

There are two rules that we must


follow while solving these
alphametic puzzles.
1. The leftmost letter cannot be
equal to 0 in any of the words in
the alphabetic riddle.
2. Each alphabet can be mapped to
only one number.
i.e in above examples If N is
mapped to 8 then all another
letter(A O B U) cannot be mapped
to 8.
ALPHABETS+ARITHMETIC=AL
PHAMETIC

Eg
#1 - Base Ball Games
Cryptarithmetic Riddle
BASE +
BALL
------
GAMES

The equation can be solved by substituting


B=7
A=8
S=8
E=3
L=5

Therefore the equation now looks as:


7483 +
7455
-------
14938
-------

#2 - Cross Roads Danger Alphametic Puzzle

CROSS
+ROADS
===========
DANGER

Solution:
+96233
+62513
===========
158746

NUMBER +
NUMBER
=======
PUZZLE

Above puzzle can be solved by substituting


N-2
U-0
M-1
B-6
E-8
R-9
P-4
Z-3
L-7

The puzzle can now be read as:

201689 +
201689
----------
403378

A Few Alphametic Problem Solving


Strategies
1. Since the digits are 0-9, the largest carry
in addition with two summands is a 1.
2. In the case of K + K = K or K – K = K
we know that K can only be 0 or 9 (in the
case of carry 1 or borrow 1).
3. No perfect square can end with 2, 3, 7, or
8. For example, in the equation E x E = T, T
cannot represent 2, 3, 7, or 8.
4. If N is even, then (N * 6 ) mod 10 = N. If
N is odd, then (N * 5) mod 10 = 5.

Digimetic
A cryptarithm in which digits are used to represent other
digits.

eg
1. 1=10, 2=11*--
1+2=22

2. 1= 3, 2=6
1+2 = 9

Skeletal division
A long division in which most or all of the digits are replaced
by symbols (usually asterisks) to form a cryptarithm.
Reverse cryptarithm
A rare variation where a formula is written, and the solution
is the corresponding cryptarithm whose solution is the
formula given.

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