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Enter The British: Robert Clive

Robert Clive was a British officer who helped establish the East India Company's control over India. He won important battles at Plassey and Buxar that secured the Company's dominance over Bengal. This allowed the East India Company to expand its influence and wealth in South Asia through indirect rule of puppet governments. Clive played a key role in Britain's growing imperial power in the region.

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72 views2 pages

Enter The British: Robert Clive

Robert Clive was a British officer who helped establish the East India Company's control over India. He won important battles at Plassey and Buxar that secured the Company's dominance over Bengal. This allowed the East India Company to expand its influence and wealth in South Asia through indirect rule of puppet governments. Clive played a key role in Britain's growing imperial power in the region.

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Essay

PAKISTAN STUDIES
MA’AM ASMA IMAD

ENTER THE BRITISH


ROBERT CLIVE
___
By Talaal Ahmad
INTRODUCTION
Major-General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, (29 September 1725 – 22 November 1774), also
known as Clive of India, Commander-in-chief of British India, was a British officer and
privateer who established the military and political supremacy of the East India Company in
Bengal. He is credited with securing a large swath of South Asia (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan)
and the wealth that followed, for the British East India Company. In the process, he also
turned himself into a multi-millionaire. Together with Warren Hastings he was one of the key
early figures setting in motion what would later become British India. Blocking impending
French mastery of India, and eventual British expulsion from the continent, Clive improvised
a military expedition that ultimately enabled the East India Company to adopt the French
strategy of indirect rule via puppet government. Hired by the company to return a second
time to India, Clive conspired to secure the Company's trade interests by overthrowing the
locally unpopular heir to the throne of Bengal, the richest state in India, richer than Britain, at
the time. Back in England, he sat as a Troy Member of Parliament in London.
East India Company
In 1600, Queen Elizabeth | granted a group of merchants permission to set up East India
Company. They went to East Indies, but, finding the Dutch there, they turned to India as an
alternative. They started small, but as they grew, so did their greed. They expanded and
received personal ‘gifts’. Robert Clive, who had been sent with them, was made the first
Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
Battles
Before Robert Clive was made Commander-In-Chief, he won a number of Battles. 2 great
battles are listed below:

1. Battle of Plassey

The French, wanting India, convinced the nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daula, to attack the
E.I.C. base in Calcutta. In 1757, Clive persuaded the Nawab’s general, Mir Jafar, to
betray Siraj-ud-Daula. With Mir Jafar’s treachery, Clive was able to defeat th Nawab,
whose body was found in a river.

2. Battle of Buxar

In 1764, Mir Jafar’s son, Mir Qasim, joined forces with the Nawab of Oudh and the
Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam ||, to drive the E.I.C. out of Bengal. They were
unsuccessful and, after their defeat in the Battle of Buxar, British influence increased.

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