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Transient Response of Simple Control System

This document describes several simple control systems using proportional (P) and proportional-integral (PI) control. It discusses control of systems for set point changes and load changes. Key aspects covered include the transfer functions, unit step responses, and effects of measurement lag for different controller types. Diagrams and equations are provided to illustrate the behavior and performance of these basic control configurations.

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WoMeiYou
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
151 views

Transient Response of Simple Control System

This document describes several simple control systems using proportional (P) and proportional-integral (PI) control. It discusses control of systems for set point changes and load changes. Key aspects covered include the transfer functions, unit step responses, and effects of measurement lag for different controller types. Diagrams and equations are provided to illustrate the behavior and performance of these basic control configurations.

Uploaded by

WoMeiYou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simple Control System

Figure: Block diagram of a temperature-control system


Proportional Control
for Set Point Change (Servo)
• Overall transfer function of system shown

• This may be rearranged in the form of a first-


order lag to give

• Where
Proportional Control for Set Point
Change (Servo) cont.…
• For unit step change in TR

• Inverse Laplace Transform

for
Proportional Control for Set Point
Change (Servo) cont.…

Figure: Unit-step response for set-point change (P controller)


Proportional Control for Load
Change (Regulator)

• This may be arranged in the first-order system; thus

Where

For unit step change in Ti

Taking inverse Laplace we get


for
Proportional Control for Load
Change (Regulator) cont.…

Figure: Unit-step response for load change (P controller)


Proportional-Integral Control
for Load Change
• Overall transfer function for load change is

rearrange this gives

Since the denominator contains a quadratic expression, TF may


be written in standard form of 2nd-order system
Proportional-Integral Control
for Load Change cont.…

For step change in load,

Using inverse Laplace, we get for


Proportional-Integral Control
for Load Change cont.…

Figure: Unit-step response for load change (PI controller)


Proportional-Integral Control
for Set-Point Change
• Transfer function of system shown

This equation maybe reduced to standard form


Note:
τ1 and ζ are the
same as before
Introduce a step change,
Proportional-Integral Control
for Set-Point Change cont.…

• Using Laplace inverse we get, for


Proportional-Integral Control
for Set-Point Change cont.…
Example: Proportional-integral
control of stirred-tank heater

Figure: Stirred-tank set point tracking with PI Figure: Stirred-tank set point tracking with PI
control (τ1 = 2 min) control (Kc = 20)
Proportional Control of System
with Measurement Lag

Figure: Control system with measurement lag


Proportional Control of System
with Measurement Lag cont.…
• Transfer function is

where
For set-point change in T’R , for
Proportional Control of System
with Measurement Lag cont.…

Figure: Effect of controller gain and measuring lag on system response for unit-step change in set point

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