1. Which of the following is false? a.

Number of customer complaints per day at a

a. Mail surveys are cheap but have low response cable TV company office.
rates. b. Cost of an e-Bay purchase.
b. Focus groups are non-random but can probe c. A critic's rating of a restaurant on a 1 to 4 scale.
issues more deeply d. Automobile exhaust emission of nitrogen dioxide
c. Surveys posted on popular websites suffer from (milligrams per mile).
selection bias.
d. Coverage error is when respondents give 7. Using a sample to make generalizations about
untruthful answers. an aspect of a population is called

2. Which of the following is numerical data? a. statistical inference.

a. Whether you have an American Express card. b. random sampling.
b. The fuel economy (MPG) of your car. c. data mining.
c. The brand of cell phone you own. d. descriptive statistics.
d. Your gender.
8. Which method is likely to be used by a
3. Which is a time series variable? journalism student who is casually surveying
a. VISA balances of 30 students on December 31 of opinions of students about the university's
this year. cafeteria food for an article that she is writing?
b. Net earnings reported by Xena Corp for the last a. Systematic random sample.
10 quarters. b. Convenience sample.
c. Titles of the top 10 movies in total revenue last c. Cluster sample.
week. d. Simple random sample.
d. Dollar exchange rates yesterday against 10 other
world currencies. 9. Quantitative variables use which two levels of
measurement?
4. When we are choosing a random sample and a. Interval and ordinal.
we do not place chosen units back into the b. Interval and ratio.
population, we are c. Nominal and ordinal.
a. sampling without replacement. d. Ordinal and ratio.
b. sampling with replacement.
c. using a voluntary sample. 10. Automobile exhaust emission of
d. using a systematic sample. CO2 (milligrams per mile) is ____________
data.
5. A random sample is one in which the a. nominal
a. probability of selecting a population item depends b. interval
on the item's data value. c. ordinal
b. items to be selected from the population are d. ratio
specified based on expert judgment. 11. The graph below illustrates which deceptive
c. probability that an item is selected for the sample is the technique?
same for all population items. a. Poor Y axis scale.
d. population items are selected haphazardly by b. Unclear grid lines.
experienced workers. c. Area trick.

6. Which is least likely to be regarded as a ratio

variable?
d. Dramatic title. 15. Which data would be suitable for a pie chart?
a. U.S. toy imports from China over the past
decade.
b. Oxnard University student category
(undergraduate, masters, doctoral).
c. Average SAT scores for entering freshmen at 10
major U.S. universities.
d. Whirlpool Corporation's sales revenue for the last
five years.

16. Which is considered a novelty chart in Excel?

12. This histogram shows Chris's golf scores in his a. Column chart.
last 77 rounds at Devil's Ridge. Which is not a b. Line chart.
correct statement? c. Pyramid chart.
a. The modal class is 78 < 80. d. Pie chart.
b. About 19% of his scores are in the interval 74 <
76. 17. Which is not a characteristic of an effective
c. The number of bins is consistent with Sturges' summary table?
Rule. a. Use space instead of lines to separate columns.
d. The histogram has a noticeable bimodal shape. b. Data should be rounded to 3 or 4 significant
digits.
c. Data to be compared should be displayed in rows,
not columns.
d. The main point should be clear within 10
seconds.

18. If you have 256 data points, how many classes

(bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest?
a. 8
b. 7
c. 9
d. 6
13. Which is not considered a deceptive graphical
technique? 19. Which is not a poor graphing technique?
a. Non-zero origin. a. Labeled axis scales.
b. Axis demarcations. b. 3D bar charts.
c. Dramatic title. c. Gratuitous pictures.
d. Elastic graph proportions. d. Rotated axis.

14. When using a dot plot with a small sample, 20. We would use a pivot table to
which is least apparent? a. Cross-tabulate frequencies of occurrence of two
a. The overall shape of the distribution. variables.
b. Central tendency of data in the data set. b. Display the data in a 3D scatter plot.
c. Location of data values within the array. c. Establish cause-and-effect between X and Y.
d. Dispersion of data values within the array. d. Rotate the data around a central point.
21. A manager chose two people from his team a. It cannot be eliminated by any statistical
of eight to give an oral presentation because sampling method.
she felt they were representative of the whole b. It can be eliminated by utilizing systematic
team's views. What sampling technique did random sampling.
she use in choosing these two people? c. It can be eliminated by increasing the sample
a. Convenience. size.
b. Judgment. d. It can be eliminated by using Excel's =
c. Cluster. RANDBETWEEN function.
d. Simple random.
26. A binary variable has
22. If we choose 500 random numbers using a. rounded data values.
Excel's function = RANDBETWEEN (1, 99) b. ordinal or interval values.
we would most likely find that c. continuous scale values.
a. numbers near 1 and 99 would tend to occur less d. only two possible values.
frequently.
b. some numbers would occur more than once. 27. Which is not a characteristic of an effective
c. the numbers would have a clear pattern. summary table?
d. numbers near the mean (50) would tend to a. The main point should be clear within 10
occur more frequently. seconds.
b. Use space instead of lines to separate columns.
c. Data should be rounded to 3 or 4 significant
23. Which is least likely to be regarded as a ratio digits.
variable? d. Data to be compared should be displayed in
a. Number of customer complaints per day at a rows, not columns.
cable TV company office.
b. A critic's rating of a restaurant on a 1 to 4 28. The ______________ can be used to
scale. differentiate the "vital few" causes of quality
c. Automobile exhaust emission of nitrogen problems from the "trivial many" causes of
dioxide (milligrams per mile). quality problems.
d. Cost of an e-Bay purchase. a. box plot
b. Pareto chart
24. Which statement is false? c. scatter plot
a. Web surveys are economical but suffer from d. histogram
non-response bias.
b. Random dialing phone surveys have low 29. The distribution pictured below is
response and are poorly targeted. a. skewed left.
c. Simple random sampling requires a list of the b. bimodal and skewed
population. left.
d. Selection bias means that many respondents c. bimodal and skewed
dislike the interviewer. right.
d. skewed right.
25. Which is most nearly correct regarding
sampling error?
30. Which of the following is true? b. General business audiences find it easier to
a. Pie charts can generally be used instead of bar interpret a log scale.
charts. c. The axis labels are usually easier to read in log
b. Line charts are not used for cross sectional units.
data. d. On a log scale, equal distances represent equal
c. Pyramid charts are generally preferred to bar dollar amounts.
charts.
d. Line charts are useful for visualizing 35. Pivot tables
categorical data. a. show cross-tabulations of data.
b. show how the data "pivot" around a point.
31. Which data would be suitable for a pie c. are not really tables at all.
chart? d. are similar in purpose to simple 2D pie charts.
a. Labor cost per vehicle for ten major world
automakers. 36. Which of the following is a correct
b. Retail prices of six major brands of color laser statement?
printers. a. An advantage of a systematic sample is that no
c. Prices paid by ten students for their accounting list of enumerated data items is required.
textbooks. b. Convenience sampling is a used to study
d. Percent vote in the last election by party shoppers in convenience stores.
(Democrat, Republican, Other). c. Choosing the 3rd person listed on every 5th page
of the phone book is stratified sampling.
32. If you have 32 data points, how many classes d. Judgment sampling is an example of true
(bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest? random sampling.
a. 5
b. 7 37. The number of passengers "bumped" on a
c. 6 particular airline flight is ____________
d. 8 data.
a. ordinal
33. Open-ended intervals are sometimes used in b. ratio
a frequency distribution because c. nominal
a. some missing data values can be placed in the d. interval
end categories.
b. the individual numerical values are retained 38. A sampling technique used when groups are
within each interval. defined by their geographical location is
c. they simplify calculations and yield a better a. random sampling.
histogram. b. convenience sampling.
d. they permit the inclusion of extreme values in c. judgment sampling.
the table d. cluster sampling

34. Which is a reason for using a log scale for 39. Histograms generally do not reveal the
time series data? a. exact data range.
a. It helps compare growth in time series of b. degree of skewness.
dissimilar magnitude. c. modal classes (bins).
d. relative frequencies.
 45. To measure satisfaction with its cell phone
40. A column chart would be least suitable to service, AT&T takes a stratified sample of its
display which data? customers by age, gender, and location.
a. Annual compensation of 500 company CEOs. Which is not an advantage of this type of
b. Exxon-Mobil's quarterly sales for the last 4 sampling, as opposed to a attempting a
years. census of all AT&T customers?
c. One-year CD interest rates paid by the 8 largest a. It gives faster results.
U.S. banks. b. It can give accurate results.
d. U.S. exports to its 6 largest trading partners. c. It is less intrusive.
d. It is more expensive.
41. Which is not a tip for effective column
charts? 46. From its 32 regions, the FAA selects 6
a. Time usually goes on the horizontal axis. regions, and then randomly audits 25
b. Label data values at the top of each bar unless departing commercial flights in each region
graphing lots of data. for compliance with legal fuel and weight
c. Bar height should be proportional to the requirements. This is an example of
quantity displayed. a. simple random sampling.
d. The non-zero origin rule may be waived for b. judgment sampling.
financial reports. c. stratified random sampling.
d. cluster sampling.
42. The distribution pictured below is
a. bimodal and skewed left. 47. Your telephone area code is an example of
b. skewed left. a(n) ____________ variable.
c. skewed right. a. interval
d. bimodal and skewed right. b. nominal
c. ratio
43. Which criterion is least likely to be used in d. ordinal
choosing bins (classes) in a frequency
distribution? 48. Before deciding whether to assess heavy
a. Following Sturges' Rule. fines against noisy airlines, which sampling
b. Using aesthetic judgment method would the Federal Aviation
c. Selecting "nice" class (bin) limits. Administration probably use to measure the
d. Always starting at zero. peak noise from departing jets as measured
by a ground-level observer at a point one
44. Which of the following is true? mile from the end of the departure runway?
a. The number of Nobel prize-winning faculty at a. Simple random sample.
Oxnard University is continuous data. b. Cluster sample.
b. The type of charge card used by a customer c. Systematic sample.
(Visa, MasterCard, AmEx) is ordinal data. d. Radio survey of pilots.
c. The number of regional warehouses owned by
Jankord Industries is ordinal data.
d. The duration (minutes) of a flight from Boston
to Minneapolis is ratio data.
49. Which is not a reason why pie charts are 54. Which is a reason for using a log scale for
popular in business? time series data?
a. They can display major changes in parts of a a. The axis labels are usually easier to read in log
whole (e.g., market share). units.
b. They can convey a general idea of the data to a b. It helps compare growth in time series of
non-technical audience. dissimilar magnitude.
c. They are more precise than line charts, despite c. On a log scale, equal distances represent equal
their low visual impact. dollar amounts.
d. They can be labeled with data values to d. General business audiences find it easier to
facilitate interpretation. interpret a log scale.

50. When using a dot plot with a small sample, 55. An observation in data set would prefer to
which is least apparent? a. Only a variable whose value is recorded by
a. Central tendency of data in the data set. visual inspection
b. The value of all the variables in the entire data
b. The overall shape of the distribution.
set
c. Dispersion of data values within the array. c. A single row that contains one or more
d. Location of data values within the array. observed variables
d. A data item whose value is numberical
51. Effective summary tables generally
a. have the raw data listed in a footnote for 56. A problem with non-random sampling is
clarity. a. A larger samples need to be taken to reduce the
sampling error inherent in this approach
b. use plenty of heavy vertical lines to separate
b. It general provides lower response rate than
the columns. sampling
c. have very detailed column headings and c. It is usually more expensive than random
footnotes. sampling
d. round their data to 3 or 4 significant digits. d. Not every item in the population has the same
chance of being selected, as it should
52. The width of a class in a frequency
distribution is known as the
a. midpoint.
b. bin frequency.
c. class limit.
d. class interval.

53. The ______________ can be used to

differentiate the "vital few" causes of quality
problems from the "trivial many" causes of
quality problems.
a. scatter plot
b. Pareto chart
c. histogram
d. box plot