PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA

UNIVERSITY ROAD, POBLACION MUNTINLUPA CITY

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE:

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

PREPARED BY:

KRISTINE JOY C. ALIX

JOHN JOSHUEL S. AGPASA

REA MAY R. CAÑETE

PHILIP D. GABRIEL

JENALYN P. GALPO

JUSTINE LUIS C. OCHADA

ELMARK L. RAMOS

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. FERMAE L. TAMAYAO

MAY 21, 2019

 I. OBJECTIVES

A. At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. Identify the functions of each parts of the Digestive System;
2. Appreciate how the Digestive System works;
3. Demonstrate the process of food taking through Digestive
System model.

II. PRELIMINARIES

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

GREETINGS:
“Good day class.”
“Good day Ma’am!”

PRAYER:
“Okay class. Ms. Pondal, please lead “Let’s bow down our head and let’s
us in prayer.” feel the presence of the Lord. Lord,
“Okay class. Kindly arrange your we thank you for this day that you
chairs properly.” have given. Please help us
understand our lessons and guide us
in everything we do. Thank you once
again Lord. In Jesus Name we pray,
Amen.”

ELICIT (REVIEW)

“So today before we move to our

new lesson let’s have first a recap on
“Okay ma’am.”
what we have tackled last meeting
Okay?”

“I have three questions regarding our

topic last meeting. It is all about the
Skin, Skeletal System and Muscular
System.”
“So the first question is, the three
layers of the skin are epidermis, “Ma’am the layer of the skin that
dermis and subcutaneous. Among helps the body to stay warm is the
these three, what help the body to subcutaneous layer.”
stay warm?”

“Very good. Next question is what is

“Ma’am, the largest bone is femur.”
the largest bone?”

“That’s correct. Okay for the last

question, this is a type of muscle that
“Ma’am it is the skeletal muscle.”
enables you to move your arms, legs
and other parts of the body.”

“Good job.”

ENGAGE

MOTIVATION:
4 pics not 1 word
“Alright, to introduce the new topic
for today, let’s have our first activity
called 4pics not 1 word” The students will guess what do the
4 pictures on the board says
4 pictures will be posted on the
board

“So what do you think the picture

“Ma’am, I think it’s Digestive system”
says?”

“Okay! Very good”

EXPLORE

ACTIVITIES:
A gutsy game
 “Okay let’s move on to our next
activity”

“Are you familiar with the game “Yes ma’am”

snake and ladder?”

”Okay that’s good our activity is

called Gutsy Game it is quietly
similar to the game snake and
ladder.”

”I will divide the class in two groups;

each group should have one
representative token, to play the
game.”

”Okay class do you understand?” ”Yes ma’am ”

”Okay proceed to your respective

group.”

”Question to be answered”

1. ”This is a long, twisting tube ”Digestive System”

that runs from the mouth to
the anus.

2. Where does digestion begin? ”Mouth ”

3. After a food is chewed it passes ”Esophagus”

on to the?

4. The first part of the small ”Duodenum”

intestine is called?

5. From the esophagus the food ”Stomach ”

enters into the?

6. It absorbs from the undigested ”Large intestine”

food and forms waste into
poops.
 7. Where is bile from the liver ”Gall bladder”
stored?

8. The . is where digestion ”Small intestine”

continues so nutrients can be
absorbed into the body.

9. When they reach the stomach

mashed-up food particles mix ”Gastric juice”
with?

10. What tube moves food from ”Esophagus ”

the back of your throat to the
stomach?

(end of activity)

”It seems like you already

understand our topic for today, so to
further understand the digestive
system I have prepared a slide
presentation. ”

EXPLAIN

“Okay class I am going to show you a

power point presentation to further “Yes Sir! “
understand the organs of the
digestive system and process, are
you ready? “

“Okay so what’s the idea that comes “Digestion“

to your head when you hear the word “Absorbing the food’s nutrients“
“Digestive system”? “ “Poop“

“So all of your ideas are correct, in

general the Digestive system refers
to the process of digesting food
starting from the mouth up until
defecation.
Now let’s discus the parts of the
digestive system starting from the
mouth. “
(show slide 2 from the presentation)
“Can someone please read“

“Mouth - is the beginning of the

digestive tract; and, in fact, digestion
starts here when taking the first bite
of food. “
“Yes, the digestive system is already
at work ones you eat the food, our
saliva will start breaking down the
food and chewing will help the saliva
go to places between food so that it
can breakdown the food faster. And
that is why chewing your food
thoroughly before swallowing it is
important. Once the food is mixed
with saliva it is now what we call a
Bolus. Okay! Next one can someone
please read “
“Esophagus - Located in your throat
near your trachea (windpipe), the
esophagus receives food from your
mouth when you swallow. “
“So once you swallow your food it
will go through your esophagus and
this is where Peristalsis starts.
Peristalsis is a series of wave-like
muscle contractions to move the
bolus through the stomach and the
intestines. Can someone please read
the next one
(show slide 3 of the presentation)“
“Stomach - The stomach is a hollow
organ, or "container," that holds food
while it is being mixed with enzymes
that continue the process of breaking
down food into a usable form. “
“So the stomach is located on the left
side of the upper abdomen. It holds
the bolus that you ate and secretes
acid and enzymes that helps the
digestion of food.

Now let’s move on to the small

intestine, can someone please read“
“Small intestine - Made up of three
segments - the duodenum, jejunum,
and ileum - the small intestine is a
22-foot long muscular tube that
breaks down food using enzymes
released by the pancreas and bile
from the liver. “
“Duodenum is the first part of the
small intestine and where the bile
from the gallbladder and digestive
juices from the pancreas is mixed
with the bolus.

“The second part is the Jejunum

where the nutrients from the food
are mostly absorbed before passing it
from the third part which is the Ileum
which mainly absorbs the leftover
nutrients and vitamin B12 from the
food.
So after hearing it’s functions, do “No sir! “
think that we could live without our
small intestines? “

“Yes that’s correct, we cannot live “The person will not have enough
without our small intestines but there nutrients. “
are cases where a person has to
remove most parts of their
intestines. What do you think will
happen when a person have a short
intestines? “

“Correct! And this is what we call the

“Short bowel syndrome” which
causes bowel troubles like diarrhea
and the lack of nutrients for the body
can be dangerous without proper
treatment. “
“Now let’s move to the next organ!
Can someone please read“
(Show slide 4 of the presentation)

“Pancreas - The pancreas secretes

digestive enzymes into the
duodenum, the first segment of the
small intestine. These enzymes break
down protein, fats, and
carbohydrates. The pancreas also
makes insulin, secreting it directly
into the bloodstream. Insulin is the
chief hormone for metabolizing
sugar. “
“So how about the pancreas? Can “Yes sir“
you imagine what is like to live
without the pancreas? “

“Right! Although living without a

pancreas is hard, it is still possible.
There are diseases called Pancreatic
cancer and it is one of the most
deadly of cancers and Chronic
pancreatitis which can occur when
there is an infection or inflammation
of the pancreas, and both diseases
can lead to the removal of the
pancreas. “

“And without the pancreas a person

can no longer produce insulin which
will lead them to develop diabetes,
and removing the pancreas will also
reduce the body’s ability to absorb
nutrients from food. “

“Now let’s move on to the liver!

Please read“
 “Liver - The liver has multiple
functions, but its main function
within the digestive system is to
process the nutrients absorbed from
the small intestine. Bile from the liver
secreted into the small intestine also
plays an important role in digesting
fat. “
“Okay! As we all know we cannot live
without our liver. But we can live
even with just a part of it. and
without a liver our blood will not
properly clot causing us to bleed
uncontrollably
Next! Can someone read the
gallbladder and the Colon! “

“Gallbladder - The gallbladder

stores and concentrates bile, and
then releases it into the duodenum to
help absorb and digest fats.
Colon (large intestine) - The colon
is a 6-foot long muscular tube that
connects the small intestine to the
rectum. The large intestine is made
up of the cecum, the ascending
(right) colon, the transverse (across)
colon, the descending (left) colon,
and the sigmoid colon, which
connects to the rectum. “

“So the gallbladder is a small that

sits just under the liver, and it also
stores the bile produced by the liver.
Bile’s are enzymes that help the
digestion of fats in food. “
“Now there are 4 major functions of
the large intestine which are
recovery of water and electrolytes,
formation and storage of feces and
fermentation of some of the
indigestible food matter by bacteria.
“

“Let’s move to the last part of the

digestive system which are the
rectum and anus
Please read“
(show slide 6 of the presentation)
“Rectum - The rectum (Latin for
"straight") is an 8-inch chamber that
connects the colon to the anus. It is
the rectum's job to receive stool from
the colon, to let the person know
that there is stool to be evacuated,
and to hold the stool until evacuation
happens.
Anus - The anus is the last part of
the digestive tract. It is a 2-inch long
canal consisting of the pelvic floor
muscles and the two anal sphincters
(internal and external). “

“Basically the rectum is the storage

for stool and the anus is the opening
in which our stool goes out of“

“There are 5 stages of Digestion “Sir Ingestion is where food is taken

Which are: Ingestion, Digestion, into the body “
Absorption, Assimilation, and
Elimination. “
Now after our discussion about the
parts and functions of the digestive
system can someone guess what
ingestion is?
“Correct! How about Digestion? “ “Sir Digestion is when food is broken
down physically and when it turns
into bolus“

“Good job! Now how about “Sir Absorption is when the nutrients
Absorption? “ is absorbed and delivered to the cells
“
“Correct! How about Assimilation? “ “Sir Assimilation is when digested
food products are converted into the
fluid and solid parts of a cell / tissue“

“Alright! Lastly what is Elimination? “ “Sir Elimination is when undigested

food residues are egested from the
body as semi-solid feces. “
“Okay to know if you have learned
from our discussion, we will have this
activity called Mix and Match activity”

DEVELOPING MASTERY:
Mix and Match activity

INSTRUCTIONAL MNATERIALS:
Flash cards, Manila paper

Allow the learners to perform the Perform the activity according to the
given task procedures and method from the
given activity

Mix and match activity: Answer the given guide question

Objectives 1:
- Identify the key parts and function
of digestive system
Objective 2:
- Facilitate and instruct the students
while conducting the given activity.
- Allows the students to answer the
guide questions from the given
activity.
ELABORATE
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL:
Generalization Bookmark

Allow the students to write their Put their generalization in the given
generalization in the bookmark and bookmark
they will recite their answer
afterwards.
EVALUATE

The teacher will give a series of The student will answer a series of
questions to evaluate what the questions given by the teacher in a
students have learned for today whole intermediate paper.

1. Name the parts of the human

digestive system, and explain what
each part does
2. Compare and contrast digestion
and absorption.
3. Apply the process of digestive
system to the last food you ate.
EXTEND

The teacher will give an assignment The students copy the given
to be submitted tomorrow. assignment and will do it in their
home

Content may include:

1. Read more about the human
reproductive system.
2. Draw and label the parts of male
and female reproductive system.
Give the functions of each part. Draw
it on a short bond paper.