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Distance Measurement

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is an affordable proximity sensor that uses ultrasonic waves to detect distance. It has four pins - VCC, Trig, Echo, and GND. The Trig pin sends a pulse to trigger the sensor, while the Echo pin receives the return pulse to calculate the distance. The Arduino code triggers the sensor, reads the return pulse duration on the Echo pin, and uses that to calculate and print the distance in inches and centimeters to the serial monitor. When tested, the sensor accurately detects changes in distance as an object moves closer or farther from the sensor.

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MeGa YuLiia Watii
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91 views

Distance Measurement

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is an affordable proximity sensor that uses ultrasonic waves to detect distance. It has four pins - VCC, Trig, Echo, and GND. The Trig pin sends a pulse to trigger the sensor, while the Echo pin receives the return pulse to calculate the distance. The Arduino code triggers the sensor, reads the return pulse duration on the Echo pin, and uses that to calculate and print the distance in inches and centimeters to the serial monitor. When tested, the sensor accurately detects changes in distance as an object moves closer or farther from the sensor.

Uploaded by

MeGa YuLiia Watii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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15.

Distance Measurement

Ultrasonic Distance Sensor


The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor is a very affordable proximity/distance sensor that has been
used mainly for object avoidance in various robotics projects. It essentially gives your Arduino eyes /
special awareness and can prevent your robot from crashing or falling off a table. It has also been used
in blind stick applications, water level sensing, and even as a parking sensor.

HC-SR04 Sensor

Figure 15.1: HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

Circuit Connections of Ultrasonic Distance Sensor with Arduino

Figure 15.2: Circuit Connections of Ultrasonic Distance Sensor with Arduino

Contents P a g e | 56
Ultrasonic Distance Sensor with Arduino Code

/*==========================================
Ultrasonic Distance Measurement
www.circuits4you.com

Ultrasonic sensor Pins:


VCC: +5VDC
Trig : Trigger (INPUT) - Pin 4
Echo: Echo (OUTPUT) - Pin 2
GND: GND
========================================== */

int trigPin = 4; //Trig - green Jumper


int echoPin = 2; //Echo - yellow Jumper
long duration, cm, inches;

void setup() {
//Serial Port begin
Serial.begin (9600);
//Define inputs and outputs
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
}

void loop()
{
// The sensor is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 10 or more microseconds.
// Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(5);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Read the signal from the sensor: a HIGH pulse whose


// duration is the time (in microseconds) from the sending
// of the ping to the reception of its echo off of an object.
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// convert the time into a distance


cm = (duration/2) / 29.1;
inches = (duration/2) / 74;
Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in, ");
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.print("cm");
Serial.println();

delay(250);
}

Contents P a g e | 57
Result of Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
Open serial monitor and move hand in front of ultrasonic sensor to see the changes.

Figure 15.3: Result of Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

Contents P a g e | 58

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