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Textile Interview Questions1

This document contains 21 interview questions and answers related to textile washing and dyeing processes. The questions cover topics such as common washing faults, chemicals used in washing plants, different types of wet processing techniques like stone washing and enzyme washing, how enzymes and acids work to produce effects on fabrics, functions of machines used in washing plants, types of dry processing, and guidelines for dyeing various natural fibers like cotton, silk and wool. The document also addresses frequently asked questions about dyeing items like dresses, blankets and upholstered furniture.

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Textile Interview Questions1

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Textile Interview Questions

1. Question 1. List Different Types Of Washing Faults?

Answer :
o Color shade variation
o Crease marks
o After wash hole
o Very dark and very light
o Bleach spot
o Bottom hem and course edge destroy
o Running shade
o Over blasting/low blasting
o Over grinding/low grinding
o Bad smell due to poor neutralization
o Poor hand feel
o To high hairiness
o Poor brightness
o High or low effect/abrasion on garments
o Spot on garments
o Out of range/ level of ph value of garments
2. Question 2. List The Chemical Names Which Are Used In Washing Plant?
Answer :
o Sodium mete bi sulphite
o per oxide
o Caustic soda
o Soda ash
o LV (pocket clear)
o Bleach Kci
o Caustic potash
o Phosphoric acid
o Pumice stone
o Optical Brightening agent (3 types: Red, blue, yellow )
o Sodium hypo sulphite
o Sodium bi carbonate
o Enzyme (Acid, Neutral , SL enzyme)
o Acetic acid
o Softener
o Desizing agent
o Potassium per maganate
o Micro emulsion silicon
o Buffer, stabilizer, fixing agent, catanizer , resin, anti staining agent
o Dye for tinting or over dyeing
Question 3. Can I Dye My Cotton/silk/linen Dress?
Answer :
Possibly, but keep in mind:
1, the thread and zipper will remain the original color;
2. the trim issue;
3. the stress of the warm-water-and-agitation process.
Question 4. Explain Different Types Of Wet Processing?
Answer :
Normal wash / Garments wash/ Rinse wash, Pigment wash, Caustic wash, Silicon wash, Stone
wash, Enzyme wash, Stone Enzyme wash, Acid wash, Bleach wash.
Question 5. What Action Of Enzyme Is On Garments?
Answer :
The action of enzyme during enzyme wash, it hydrolysis the cellulose. At first it attacks the
having projecting fiber and hydrolyzed them. Then it attacks the yarn portion inside fabric and
partly hydrolyzed the yarn portion and faded affect is produced.
Question 6. Explain Softening Process Of Silicon Wash?
Answer :
Lot weight (approx 145 pies) ............ 70 kg
Add water @ L : R = 1 : 8 .............. 560 Liters
Add Acetic Acid @ 0.6 gm / liter ............ 336gm
Cationic Softener @ 1 gm / liter.............. 560 gm
Silicon (ME) @ 0.5 gm / liter ................ 280 gm
Temperature.......................... 40°c
Time................................ 15 to 20 minutes
Drain the bath
Then unload the garments on trolley.
Question 7. Why Acetic Acid Is Used In Enzyme Bath?
Answer :
Acetic acid is used in enzyme bath to control the pH of wash bath and for proper action of
enzyme. (To controlling the pH of enzyme because enzyme works at acidic pH).
Question 8. Explain Desizing Process Of Silicon Wash?
Answer :
Desizing process of silicon Wash:
Lot weight (approx 145 pies) ............ 70 kg
Add water @ L: R = 1: 10.............. 700 Liter
Machine running
Add Desizing agent @ 0.6 gm / liter ............ 420 gm
Add Detergent @ 0.5 gm / liter.................... 350 gm
Temperature.......................... 50°c
Time...............................10-20 minutes
Drop the liquor
Rinse one time 3 minutes
Question 9. Explain Function Of Hydro Extractor Machine?
Answer :
Function of Hydro extractor machine is to squeeze the garments for removing the excess water
from the garments.
Question 10. Described Machine Names Which Are Used In Washing Plant?
Answer :
o Washing machine ( No of M/c -10)
o Dryer machine (No of M/c -10): gas dryer-09 and Steam dryer-01
o Sample Machine (No of M/c-02)
o Hydro (No of M/c -03)
o Spray gun (No of M/c -02)
Question 11. Explain Different Types Of Dry Processing?
Answer :
Sand blasting, Hand scraping, whiskering, overall wrinkle, permanent wrinkle, broken and
tagging, grinding and destroy, pp spray and pp sponging.
Question 12. What Are The Purpose Of Washing?
Answer :
The first purpose is to remove dirt, dust, impurities of garments thus achieve wash look
appearance and softness.
The other purpose is to bring faded look, old look, tinted or over dyed affect.
To increase color fastness, wash fastness properties no possibility of further shrinkage of wash
garments.
Question 13. Does Polyester Garments Cannot Be Dyed By Mere Mortals?
Answer :
Polyester is created in highly controlled factory settings, using toxic chemicals at high
temperatures. In addition, the dye is added when the fabric is in a liquid state. Using Rit or
reactive dyes would be like trying to dye a plastic bag. The dye just doesn't stick. Similarly,
acetate cannot be dyed.
Question 14. What If You Have A Garment Or Fabric That Is Half Or Less Polyester And The
Other Portion A Natural Fiber (like Cotton), You Can Try Using The Reactive Dyes?
Answer :
Keep in mind that the dye will take at about half strength. In other words, it's very hard to get a
dark color saturation. Cotton mixed with a minimal amount of spandex (5-10%) will take the dye
pretty well!
Question 15. Explain Solid Color Dyeing Cotton, Linen, Rayon, And Silk?
Answer :
The best dye for vivid, color- and light-fast color are the reactive dyes, Some crafts stores carry
reactive dyes, also. Get catalogs and instructions from these sources and study the materials
carefully.
Question 16. Explain Silk Dyeing?
Answer :
Acid dyes as best for solid-color dyeing of silk. I personally use the reactive dyes on silk because
they are so simple and can be done in the washing machine. However, on silk, the reactive dyes
do not come out the same colors as on cotton, so it requires experimentation to get what you
want. If you want true-to-swatch silk colors and want to experiment with the acid dyes, they
require very hot water, either in the washer, or on top of the stove. Acid dyes will also dye
nylon.
Question 17. Explain Wool Dyeing?
Answer :
Acid dyes are also used for dyeing wool - again, they require very hot water, so your fabric must
be able to withstand any resulting shrinkage, matting, or felting. For this reason, I do not
recommend dyeing already-constructed wool garments, such as coats, sweaters, or dresses,
unless they are really large, and/or you are completely willing to experiment with the results.
Question 18. How To Dye Fabric In Order To Make Quilts, Garments, Table Linens, Etc?
Answer :
The best place to start is with the prepared-for-dyeing fabrics at Dharma Trading Co. Their
fabrics have no coatings or treatments that would make them resist the dye. Cotton and linen
fabrics from Dharma do not need to be washed before dyeing. They recommend washing silk
fabrics with Synthropol first (also available from Dharma), in order to take out any remaining silk
worm gum.
Question 19. Can I Dye My Wedding Dress/bridesmaid Dress/formal Dress?
Answer :
The simple answer is no. The vast majority of these dresses are polyester and acetate. Even if
they are silk, the construction will probably not hold up to the warm water and agitation
process. In addition, any trim may not dye or could take the dye in a different strength or color.
Question 20. Can I Dye My Blue Baby Blanket Pink?
Answer :
No, because you are combining colors, just as if you were painting pink over a blue water color
painting. However, you can dye a white or natural color baby blanket pink.
Question 21. Is There A White Dye?
Answer :
Technically speaking, no. Some fabrics and colors can be changed or lightened using a good
dose of chlorine bleach. Caveat: Start with a cup of chlorine bleach. Keep in mind that bleach
will deteriorate fabric and if you use too much, you may end up with a shredding rag. Dharma
also sells a color discharger for removing dye from fabric. If you are willing to be unattached to
the outcome, you can try these methods.
Question 22. With All These Caveats, What Can I Dye?
Answer :
Prepared-for-dyeing garments, including everything available at Dharma Trading Co.; all-cotton
sheets and pillowcases; all-cotton towels; vintage linens (many of these are sewn with cotton
thread, which will dye); natural-fiber items that have faded and you want to restore them to
their original color; cotton and rayon trims and laces; cotton undies (elastic will not dye); natural
fiber yard goods.
Question 23. Can I Dye My Upholstered Chair/sofa/ottoman?
Answer :
No. Don't even think about it, unless your piece is white or off white, and you are willing to
undertake an experiment using SimplySpray spray-on fabric dyes.
Question 24. What Program Is Used To Make Vector Images?
Answer :
Illustrator
Question 25. What File Format Should Images With Transparent Backgrounds Be Saved As?
Answer :
png
Question 26. What File Format Can Be Used When Saving An Image For Use On A Web Site?
Answer :
Any of these could be used.
Question 27. In Offset Printing, Printers Mix Inks Using What Colors?
Answer :
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black
Question 28. Which Type Of Graphic Can Be Infinitely Rescaled Without Loss Of Resolution?
Answer :
Vector
Question 29. Which Is Considered The Industry Standard For Photo Manipulation In Graphic
Design?
Answer :
Photoshop
Question 30. What Does "ai" Stand For Regarding Graphic Design Software?
Answer :
Adobe Illustrator
Question 31. What Is The Program Dreamweaver Used For?
Answer :
Web Design and web development
Question 32. Which Program Is Best For Creating Animation?
Answer :
Adobe Flash.
Question 33. What Graphical Format Adobe Illustrator Based On?
Answer :
Vector
Question 34. What Resolution Is Best Suited For The Web?
Answer :
72 points per inch.
Question 35. What Program Is Best Used For Vector Illustration?
Answer :
Adobe Illustrator
Apparel Merchandising Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Accessories?
Answer :
Accessories mean items need to complete a garment. There are different kinds of accessories
used in garments industry such as thread, zipper, interlining, buttons, label, pocketing fabric,
elastic, etc.
2. Question 2. What Is Aql?
Answer :
AQL is connected to the quality of products. In textile industry Acceptance Quality Level is shortly
designated by AQL.
3. Question 3. What Is Apparel Industry?
Answer :
This is the number of manufacturers those are involved in the manufacturing of clothing. Apparel
industry includes with garments, lathers, technical textile, etc. industry.
4. Question 4. What Is Testing Temperature?
Answer :
Testing temperature is an ideal temperature where temperature maintain with relative
humanity. To become a testing temperature relative humanity should 65% ± 2% and temperature
should 20°C ± 2°C.
5. Question 5. What Is Basic Block?
Answer :
Basic block is an individual component of apparel without any allowance, design or style which is
called basic block.
6. Question 6. What Is Allowance?
Answer :
During the garment manufacturing process need to add extra measurement with the total
measurement of the garment is known as allowance.
7. Question 7. What Is Approved Sample?
Answer :
When a sample full fill all the terms and condition according to the buyer requirement then that
sample is known as approved sample.
8. Question 8. What Is Ligne Number?
Answer :
Ligne number is a measuring unit of the button. By the help of ligne number we can easily find
out the diameter of button. The relation of button diameter and line number is proportional.
9. Question 9. What Is Air Way Will?
Answer :
Air Way Will is known as an export document. The carrying agreement between exporter and air
carrier which is found from the airline used to ship the goods.
10. Question 10. What Is Base Fabric?
Answer :
Basic fabric is known as grey fabric. Grey fabric can be color or finish according to the buyer
requirement.
11. Question 11. What Is Book Inventory?
Answer :
Book inventory is related to fashion accounting. Inventory book means the dollar value of
inventory, as stated in accounting records.
12. Question 12. What Is Buying Office?
Answer :
Buying office is an independent or store owned office which is situated at a market area and buys
for one chain or for many stores. Buying office is also well-known as buying house.
13. Question 13. What Is Purchase Order (po)?
Answer :
PO is a document of a general description of the types and quantities of merchandise that a
buyer or importer expect to purchase for delivery within a lead time. It is also known as buying
plan.
14. Question 14. What Is Bill Of Lading?
Answer :
Bill of loading a document which gives all the terms of the contract between the exporter or
shipper and the transportation or logistic company to move fright between stated points at a
specified charge.
15. Question 15. What Is Cad?
Answer :
CAD is related to the fabric cutting in garments. CAD is stands for Computer Aided Design which
is used as a theoretical tool to design and develop of garment products.
16. Question 16. What Is Lab-dip?
Answer :
Lap-dip is 10×10 cm swatch dyed in laboratory of mill for checking color standards given on
pantone is known as lab dip. This swatch is dyed to get color approval from buyer. Merchandiser
has to prepare 4-5 lab dip option for each color because he/she has to keep one as counter.
17. Question 17. What Is Lead Time?
Answer :
From the date of submission an order to the delivery date this period is known as lead time.
Normally, export order lead time has 90-120 days. Lead time is also known as preparing time for
order execution.
18. Question 18. What Is Letter Of Credit (l/c)?
Answer :
The meaning of L/C is letter of credit which provided by the buyer via bank. In export order
execution, L/C is a document of order which is provide buyer to manufacturer where all the
terms and conditions are mention.
19. Question 19. What Is Line Balancing?
Answer :
Line balancing is a plan of balancing the production schedule as per the time and action calendar
(TNA). Line balancing is also applied in garments sewing floor for smooth order execution.
20. Question 20. What Is Dummy?
Answer :
Dummy is an artificial human body like doll which is used to obtain actual human body shape for
measuring garment fittings.
21. Question 21. What Is Offshore Assembly?
Answer :
Offshore assembly is known as purchase the fabric and cut it but gives it to the other country for
sewing. Example we can say that, fabric purchase and cut in the China, but sent to the
Bangladesh for sewing.
22. Question 22. What Is Partial Shipment?
Answer :
If the production is only half done and buyer gave us a permission to ship the first half goods we
can ship the first half goods and then remaining this shipment is known as partial shipment.
Partial shipment is also known as prince shipment in garments.
23. Question 23. What Is Pantone?
Answer :
Pantone is known as a universal color shade card. Nowadays pantone is used in all industries for
DTM (dye to match). In the pantone card there are 6 digit numbers for each color. Those colors
are help to minimize the garments shade variation problem.
24. Question 24. What Is Pattern?
Answer :
Pattern is a hard thick paper which is used to get the actual shape of different component of a
garment. Pattern is also help to use as guide of a marker paper.
25. Question 25. What Is Style Number?
Answer :
Style number a series of style which is easy to get the style references.
26. Question 26. What Is Smv?
Answer :
SMV is means the Standard Minute Value. Standard Minute Value is related with garments work
study, time study, method study.
27. Question 27. What Is Trimming?
Answer :
The materials which are added with the body part of garments by sewing are known as
trimmings.
28. Question 28. What Is Time And Action Plan (tna)?
Answer :
In garments Time and action is stands for time and action calendar or time and action plan. It is
also known as issuing plan or production schedule or time and action plan. Time and action plan
related with lead time of export order shipment.
29. Question 29. What Is Thread Run?
Answer :
The stitching thread and color for the same is known as thread run.
30. Question 30. What Is Up-charge?
Answer :
Up-charge is an additional cost which will get added into cost of production as per the buyer’s
instructions. Up charge will get added into these things like embroidery, labels, packing method
etc.
31. Question 31. What Is Vendor?
Answer :
Vendor is very known word in Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry. In others word we know
that vendor is a seller, resource, manufacturer or supplier.
32. Question 32. What Is Vessel-sailing-time?
Answer :
Vessel-sailing-time is known as the time which will get taken by ship or transportation to ship the
products.
33. Question 33. What Is Yarn Dip?
Answer :
Yarn dip is as like lab dip. If a fabric is a yarn dyed checks or strips then yarns will get dyed into
laboratory and those yarns merchandiser has to send to the buyer for color approval is known as
yarn dips.
34. Question 34. What Is Cmt?
Answer :
CMT describe the Cut Make and Trims. In this condition, apparel manufacturer are quotes the
buyer a proposed value which includes making, trimmings and accessories cot of a garment.
35. Question 35. What Is Cpm?
Answer :
CPM stands for Cost per Minute. CPM can help to find out per hour, shift, day and week cost of
garments.
36. Question 36. What Is Cm?
Answer :
CM stands for Cost of Making. That cost may include with trimmings, Cutting, making, trimmings
cost, cost of making time etc.
37. Question 37. What Is Cutting Order?
Answer :
Cutting order is a company paper to maintain cut and produce a specific quantity of garments.
38. Question 38. What Is Cut-to-order?
Answer :
A cutting order based on order received. Cut-to-order related to garments sampling and product
development department.
39. Question 39. What Is C.f.r?
Answer :
C.F.R stands for cost and freight. It indicates that the exporter will deliver the products onto
vessel and pay all the normal charges to get the cargo to the named port or seaport.
40. Question 40. What Is C.i.f?
Answer :
C.I.F stands for Cost Freight and Insurance. A pricing term under which the seller pays all
operating cost involved in the placing of products on board and in addition prepays the freight
and insures the goods to an agreed destination.
41. Question 41. What Is Cut-off-date?
Answer :
Cut –off-date is a last date till which a shipping line will accept the packaged goods for a
particular vessel or ship. Usually cut-off-date is 5-10 days before actual ship moving date.
42. Question 42. What Is Down-charge?
Answer :
Down-charge is a smaller amount cost because of fewer trimmings into finished product. If buyer
says he/she wants just finished product without any trimmings or embroidery or prints we should
down-charge the buyer means we will decrease production cost.
43. Question 43. What Is Ex- Works?
Answer :
Ex-works denotes point of origin- a pricing term under which exporter s only responsibility is to
clear the goods for export and make them available to the buyer at agreed destination.
44. Question 44. What Is Fabrication?
Answer :
Fabrication is the procedures of garments fabric preparation before bulk production Therefore,
fabrication is known as a pre-production procedure.
45. Question 45. What Is Factory Out Late Stores?
Answer :
Factory out late stores is one kind of store which sells the manufacturer overrun directly to
consumers.
46. Question 46. What Is Fashion Director?
Answer :
Fashion director is a fashion expert of an organization who working with buyer or designers.
47. Question 47. What Is F.c.l?
Answer :
F.C.L stands for the full container load. This is the excellent sign for business dealings of both
buyer and manufacturer.
48. Question 48. What Is Grading?
Answer :
Grading is a process of either increasing or decreasing the size of the sample pattern. In this
process pattern larger or smaller size depends on sample size range.
49. Question 49. What Is Gross Margin?
Answer :
Gross margin is connected to calculation of manufacturing cost. The difference in dollars
between net sales and the net costs of merchandise or product during a given period.
50. Question 50. What Is Fob?
Answer :
FOB describes Free on Board. Here, exporter provide all the cost such as fabric, accessories, CM
(cost of making), overhead cost, C&F commission, commission, and transportation cost from
manufacturer factory to shipping port.
51. Question 51. What Is Knit-down?
Answer :
Knit-down is a tiny knitted fabric swatch (which is knitted as per buyers artwork like checks or
strips to check the repeat and size) which merchandiser sends to the buyer for approval is known
as knit –down.
52. Question 52. What Is L.c.l?
Answer :
L.C.L is means Less Container Load. When short amount of order execution then less container
load for export or import from manufacturer.
53. Question 53. What Is Mark Down?
Answer :
Mark down is known as the difference between the original retail price and a reduced price.
54. Question 54. What Is Mark-up?
Answer :
Mark-up is known as the difference between the original retail price and a raised price. It means
the difference between manufacturing or cost price and selling price.
55. Question 55. What Is Modular Manufacturing?
Answer :
The modular manufacturing is known as the manufacturing method utilizing of a small group of
people who work together to produce a finished garment.
56. Question 56. What Is Strike-off?
Answer :
Strike-off is one kinds of trail sample which is get done by buyers artwork section to get an
approval for print or embroidery and repeat and size for the same. This trail samples made by
printer or computerized embroidery, which merchandiser sends to buyer for approval is known
as strike –off.
Spinning Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Textile Fibre?
Answer :
The fiber which contains staple length, strength, flexibility, fineness, color, less trash percentage
characteristics of creaminess is known as textile fiber.
2. Question 2. What Is Yarn?
Answer :
A product of substantial length and relatively small cross section consisting of fibres and or
filaments with or without twist is known as yarn.
3. Question 3. What Is Staple Fibre?
Answer :
The fibre which has staple length is known as staple fiber.
4. Question 4. What Is Staple Length?
Answer :
The characteristics fiber length of a sample of staple fibers is known as staple length.
5. Question 5. What Is Elasticity?
Answer :
The properties of a substance by which it comes it original position after withdrawn the applied
load on it is known as elasticity.
6. Question 6. What Is Bobbin?
Answer :
A cylindrical or slightly tapered former with or without a flange or flange for holding slub, roving
or yarn.
7. Question 7. What Is Filament?
Answer :
The long continuous fiber is known as filament.
8. Question 8. What Is Denier?
Answer :
The mass in grams of 9000 meter of a fiber, yarn or filament is known as denier.
9. Question 9. What Is Elastic Limit?
Answer :
The limit up to which a substance shows the elastic property is known as elastic limit.
10. Question 10. What Is Elastomer?
Answer :
Any polymer having high extensibility together with rapid and substantially complete elastic
recovery is known as elastomer.
Example: synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and silicon runner.
11. Question 11. What Is Extension At Break Or Breaking Extension?
Answer :
The extension percentage of a test specimen at breaking point is known as extension at break or
breaking extension.
12. Question 12. What Is Fibre?
Answer :
The material which is used to produce textile materials is known as fiber.
13. Question 13. What Is Feed Roller?
Answer :
A roller that forwards a yarn of a subsequent processing or take-up stage is termed as feed roller.
14. Question 14. What Is Flammability?
Answer :
The ability of a material to burn with a flame under specified test condition is termed as
flammability.
15. Question 15. What Is Hank?
Answer :
Hank is the traditional unit of length in the indirect system of yarn count e.g. the cotton count of
a yarn is calculated as the number of hanks of 840 yds per pound. It is applied to sliver, roving or
slub.
16. Question 16. What Is Humidity?
Answer :
The term which is used to describe the moisture existing in the atmosphere is known as humidity.
17. Question 17. What Is Elongation?
Answer :
The increase in length of a specimen during a tensile test expressed in units of length is known as
elongation.
18. Question 18. What Is Luster?
Answer :
The display of different intensities of light, reflected both secular and diffusely from various parts
of surface exposed to the same incident light is termed as luster.
19. Question 19. What Is Synthetic Fiber?
Answer :
The fibre which is produced artificially is known s synthetic fiber. Example: Polythene.
20. Question 20. What Is Micronaire Value?
Answer :
Weight in micro grams per inch is known as micronaire value. The micronaire value regarded as
identification of maturity and fineness.
21. Question 21. What Is Seed Cotton?
Answer :
The cotton which has been harvested but not ginned so that the fibre is still attached to the seed
is termed as seed cotton.
22. Question 22. What Is Mildew?
Answer :
A growth of certain specials of fungi is termed as mildew.
23. Question 23. What Is Nep?
Answer :
A small knot of entangled fiber is known as nep.
Fabric Manufacturing Technology Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Are The Basic Motions Of A Loom?
Answer :
Basic motions of a loom, Primary motion. Secondary motion, Tertiary motion.
2. Question 2. What Is Degree Of Interlacing?
Answer :
When interlacing ratio is expressed as % is called degree of interlacing.
3. Question 3. What Is Weave Plan?
Answer :
The interlacement of warp and weft yarn is called weave plan.
4. Question 4. What Is Drafting Plan?
Answer :
The process of drawing the warp yarn into the heald eye according to the weave plan or design is
called drafting plan.
5. Question 5. What Is Denting Plan?
Answer :
The process of inserting warp yarn through reed is called denting plan.
6. Question 6. What Is Tensioning Device?
Answer :
The Device which is used to give the proper tension during winding yarn onto the package is
known as Tensioning Device. Otherwise High tension can damage the yarn whereas too low a
tension can lead to unstable packages which will not unwind cleanly.
7. Question 7. Which Is The Strongest Fibre?
Answer :
Nylon
8. Question 8. What Is Applique?
Answer :
Embellishment on a garment where decoration is made by cutting pieces of one material and
applying them to the surface of another.
9. Question 9. What Is Bird's Eye?
Answer :
A fabric woven with a pattern of small diamonds.
10. Question 10. What Is Chambray?
Answer :
A class of yarn-dyed, plain-weave fabrics with a colored warp and white filling. Most often
produced in soft blue tomes (looks like faded blue jean denim).
11. Question 11. What Is Chenille?
Answer :
Soft, fuzzy yarns stand out around a velvety cord on this fabric, whose name comes from the
French word for "caterpillar."
12. Question 12. What Is Chintz Fabric?
Answer :
A printed and glazed fabric, usually cotton.
13. Question 13. What Is Effect Thread?
Answer :
Yarns inserted into a fabric that are sufficiently different to the surrounding yarns, to form or
enhance a pattern.
14. Question 14. What Is Elastoplast?
Answer :
Any polymer showing rubber-like elastic properties. This includes Lycra and Spandex.
15. Question 15. What Is Facing?
Answer :
A piece of fabric sewn to the inside of a garment for lining purposes or to add structure to the
garment.
16. Question 16. What Is Faille?
Answer :
A dressy, flat-ribbed fabric with a light luster that drapes and tailors well. The ribs are flatter and
less pronounced than in grosgrain. Traditionally used for women's dresses, suits and coats.
17. Question 17. What Is Feed Stripe?
Answer :
Knit fabric where a stripe pattern is produced by the way colored yarns are fed into the knitting
machine. Also know as Yarn Dyed.
18. Question 18. What Is Fleece?
Answer :
This is a knit fabric, usually in cotton or poly cotton that has napped terry loops on one or both
sides. There are several variations that and finish types for fleeces.
19. Question 19. What Is Hopsack?
Answer :
A loosely woven coarse fabric of cotton or wool used in clothing. Hop growers originally used the
fabric for bags.
20. Question 20. What Is Intarsia?
Answer :
A flat knit fabric with solid-colored, geometric patterns. The sides of the fabric are identical.
21. Question 21. What Is Interlock?
Answer :
A type of cut and sew knit fabric that is characterized by the interconnecting of the knit stitches.
22. Question 22. What Is Jersey?
Answer :
A generic term for a plain knit fabric without a distinct rib. Originally made of wool, jersey fabric
was first manufactured on the island of Jersey.
23. Question 23. What Is Lycra?
Answer :
DuPont's registered trademark for its brand of elastic fiber. Same type of fiber as Spandex.
24. Question 24. What Is Marled Yarn?
Answer :
Two single yarns of different colors twisted together. You see this mottled effect most often in
sweaters.
25. Question 25. What Is Matte Jersey?
Answer :
A dull, flat knit fabric made of fine crepe yarns. Most popular in travel and permanent press or
easy care dresses, slacks and skirts.
26. Question 26. What Is Picot?
Answer :
A small embroidered loop forming an ornamental edging on a ribbon or lace.
27. Question 27. What Is Pinpoint Oxford?
Answer :
Lightweight, soft, cotton-like fabric with a small 2x1 basket (rib) weaves repeats. High quality.
Very smooth surface; used for shirts.
28. Question 28. What Is Piqué?
Answer :
A knitted cotton fabric with a waffle, or diamond-shaped, pattern. French piqué knits became an
international favorite when René Lactose, a 1920's French tennis champion, designed the polo
shirt. Also called Lactose.
29. Question 29. What Is Pointelle?
Answer :
A basic rib knit made with a pattern of dainty openings. Typically feminine.
30. Question 30. What Is Poplin?
Answer :
A durable, plain weave fabric similar to broadcloth but with a heavier rib and heavier weight.
Made of silk, cotton, synthetic fibers, wool or blends.
31. Question 31. What Is Rip Stop?
Answer :
A fabric woven with a double thread at regular intervals so that small tears do not spread.
32. Question 32. What Is Rayon?
Answer :
A manufactured natural fibre made from wood cellulose. It is soft, absorbent and drapes well.
Also known as Viscose.
33. Question 33. What Is Sateen?
Answer :
A semi-lustrous surface distinguishes this smooth, durable fabric in a satin weave. Sateen is
usually made of cotton.
34. Question 34. What Is Seersucker?
Answer :
A popular warm-weather cotton fabric with permanent woven crinkled stripes.
35. Question 35. What Is Shot Effect?
Answer :
A color effect produced in fabrics woven with a warp yarn of one colour and a weft yarn of a
contrasting color.
36. Question 36. What Is Toile?
Answer :
Light/medium weight, plain weave, fine, cotton-type fabric, usually with one colored printed
scenic design. Used mostly for home furnishings, clothing, etc.
37. Question 37. What Is Wicking?
Answer :
Refers to a fabric's tendency to disburse moisture rather than absorbing it.
38. Question 38. What Is Weft Knits?
Answer :
Weft is a type of knitting in which yarns run horizontally, from side to side, across the width of
the fabric.
39. Question 39. What Is Velvet?
Answer :
A short, closely woven cut pile fabric with a rich, soft texture.
40. Question 40. What Is Aertex?
Answer :
A trademark for a loosely woven cotton fabric that is used to make shirts and underwear.
41. Question 41. What Is Batik?
Answer :
A dyed fabric; a removable wax is used where the dye is not wanted.
42. Question 42. What Is Broadcloth?
Answer :
A closely woven silk or synthetic fabric with a narrow crosswise rib.
43. Question 43. What Is Canvas Or Canvass?
Answer :
A heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs sails or tents).
44. Question 44. What Is Cashmere?
Answer :
A soft fabric made from the wool of the Cashmere goat.
45. Question 45. What Is Cerecloth?
Answer :
A waterproof waxed cloth once used as a shroud.
46. Question 46. What Is Chino?
Answer :
A coarse twilled cotton fabric frequently used for uniforms.
47. Question 47. What Is Coating?
Answer :
A heavy fabric suitable for coats.
48. Question 48. What Is Corduroy Or Cord?
Answer :
A cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton.
49. Question 49. What Is Crape Or Crepe?
Answer :
A soft thin light fabric with a crinkled surface.
50. Question 50. What Is Diaper?
Answer :
A fabric (usually cotton or linen) with a distinctive woven pattern of small repeated figures.
51. Question 51. What Is Edging?
Answer :
Border consisting of anything placed on the edge to finish something.
52. Question 52. What Is Duck?
Answer :
Heavy cotton fabrics of plain weave; used for clothing and tents.
53. Question 53. What Is Duffel Or Duffle?
Answer :
A coarse heavy woolen fabric (such as a fringe on clothing or on a rug).
54. Question 54. What Is Aba?
Answer :
Garment of camel or goat hair; camel or goat-hair fabric.
55. Question 55. What Is Alpaca?
Answer :
Fine wool made from alpaca hair.
56. Question 56. What Is Angora?
Answer :
Silk-like fabric made from wool of angora goats.
57. Question 57. What Is Bagging?
Answer :
Coarse fabric for making bags or sacks.
58. Question 58. What Is Baft?
Answer :
Cheap coarse cotton fabric.
59. Question 59. What Is Atlas?
Answer :
Rich satin fabric.
60. Question 60. What Is Bump?
Answer :
Coarse cotton fabric.
61. Question 61. What Is Calamanco?
Answer :
Satin twilled woolen fabric.
62. Question 62. What Is Camaca?
Answer :
Fine silk fabric.
63. Question 63. What Is Crash?
Answer :
Coarse drapery and toweling fabric.
64. Question 64. What Is Dimity?
Answer :
Sheer and stout white cotton.
65. Question 65. What Is Delaine?
Answer :
Light fabric of wool or mixed wool and cotton.
66. Question 66. What Is Domett?
Answer :
Plain cotton-wool blend.
67. Question 67. What Is Drill?
Answer :
Durable twilled cotton.
68. Question 68. What Is Foulard?
Answer :
Soft lightweight plain-woven or twilled silk fabric.
69. Question 69. What Is Flannel?
Answer :
Light woolen fabric.
70. Question 70. What Is Fuji?
Answer :
Plain spun silk fabric.
Yarn Manufacturing Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Fiber?
Answer :
Fiber or fibre is classes of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated
pieces, similar to lengths of thread. They are very important in the biology of both plants and
animals, for holding tissues together.
2. Question 2. What Is Textile Fiber?
Answer :
Textile fiber has some characteristics which differ between fiber to Textile fiber. Textile fiber can
be spun into a yarn or made into a fabric by various methods including weaving, knitting,
braiding, felting, and twisting. The essential requirements for fibers to be spun into yarn include a
length of at least 5 millimeters, flexibility, cohesiveness, and sufficient strength. Other important
properties include elasticity, fineness, uniformity, durability, and luster.
3. Question 3. Flow Chart Of Carded Yarn Manufacturing Process?
Answer :
Fiber/Bale → Blow Room → Lap/Chute
↓
Lap/Chute → Carding → Sliver (Carded)
↓
Carded Sliver → Draw Frame → Sliver (Drawn)
↓
Drawn Sliver → Simplex → Rove
↓
Rove → Ring Frame → Yarn
↓
Winding
↓
Reeling
↓
Bundling
↓
Bailing
4. Question 4. What Is Yarn?
Answer :
Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of
textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, and rope making.
5. Question 5. Flow Chart Of Combed Yarn Manufacturing Process?
Answer :
Fiber/Bale → Blow Room → Lap/Chute
↓
Lap/Chute → Carding → Sliver (Carded)
↓
Carded Sliver → Pre-Comb Drawing Frame → Sliver (Pre-Drawn)
↓
Sliver → Lap Frame → Lap
↓
Lap → Comber → Sliver
↓
Sliver → Post-Comb Drawing Frame → Sliver (Post-Drawn)
↓
Drawn Sliver → Simplex → Rove
↓
Rove → Ring Frame → Yarn
↓
Winding
↓
Reeling
↓
Bundling
↓
Bailing
6. Question 6. What Is Bale Management?
Answer :
Testing, sorting and mixing bales according to the properties of fibre for producing specific good
quality yarn at minimum cost is called bale management.
7. Question 7. When Bale Mixing Is Done?
Answer :
Before the blow room/Before the bales going into blow room.
8. Question 8. What Are The Basic Operations In The Blow Room?
Answer :
o Opening
o Cleaning
o Mixing & blending
o Even feed of material to the card.
9. Question 9. What Is Carding?
Answer :
Carding may be defined as the reduction of an entangled mass of fibre to a filmy web by working
them between two closely spaced, relatively moving surface clothed with sharp wire points.
10. Question 10. Objective Of Carding?
Answer :
o To open up the cotton in to single fibre state.
o To reduce the number of neps, short fibres.
o To produce a thick untwisted rope of fibre called sliver.
11. Question 11. What Are The Main Objectives Of Draw Frame?
Answer :
o Straightening & parallelization of fibres by drafting & drawing.
o Minimization of irregularity by doubling.
o Blending & mixing of fibres.
o To produce a more uniform sliver of definite wt/yds.
12. Question 12. What Are The Faults Of Blow Room?
Answer :
o Soft lap,
o Conical lap,
o Barrel shaped,
o Split lap,
o Ragged selvedge,
o Lap licking.
13. Question 13. Find Out The Hank Of The Lap When The Weight Of The Lap Is 14 Oz/yds?
Answer :
14 oz contains = 1 yds,
1 oz contains = 1/14 yds,
16 oz or 1 lb contains = 16/14 yds
=16/14×840 hank=0.00136 hank
So hank of lap = 0.00136.
14. Question 14. Find Out The Wt/yds Of The Lap When Hank Of The Lap Is 0.0014?
Answer :
Weight of 0.0014×840 yds = 1 lbs or 16 oz
1.176 yds = 16 oz
1 yds = 16/ 1.176 oz = 13.6 oz
So weight of lap = 13. 6 oz/yds
15. Question 15. What Is Roving?
Answer :
A roving is a continuous slightly twisted strand of fibres which has not received its final drawing
for yarn. Roving hank=0.70 to 0.85, TPI=about 1.15
16. Question 16. What Are The Faults Of Yarn?
Answer :
o Irregular yarn
o Thick & thin places
o Slubs
o Nepped yarn
o Spinners double
o Crackers
o Bad piecing
o Hairiness
o Soft yarn
o Hard & non elastic yarn
o Rough yarn
17. Question 17. What Is Stress?
Answer :
Stress is the ratio between the applied force and cross sectional area of the specimen,
Stress = applied force/ cross sectional area = F/A.
Unit of stress is N/m2, dyne/cm2, which is also called Pascal (Pa).
18. Question 18. What Is Tenacity?
Answer :
The tenacity of a fibre is the mass stress at break.
Unit – gm/tex,
Tenacity = breaking load / mass stress or linear density,
Linear density = mass/unit length.
19. Question 19. What Is Tensile Strength?
Answer :
Tensile strength = force required to break the specimen/ cross sectional area.
20. Question 20. What Are The Basic Textile Materials?
Answer :
Fiber
↓
Yarn
↓
Grey fabric
↓
Finished fabric
↓
End product
21. Question 21. Write Down The Types Of Yarn Twist?
Answer :
“z” or clock wise &
“S” or anti clock wise twist.
22. Question 22. What Is Ipi?
Answer :
It indicates yarns thick places, thin places and slubs.
23. Question 23. What Is Count?
Answer :
Count is a numerical expression which expresses /indicates coarseness or fineness of yarn.
Or,
count is a number indicating the mass per unit length or the length per unit mass of yarn.
24. Question 24. Different Types Of Measurement?
Answer :
1 yard = 0.9144 m
1 m =1.0936 yards=7000 grain
1kg = 2.204 lbs,
1lbs(pound) = 453 .6gm = 7000 grains
1gm =15.43 grains
16 oz = 1 lb(pound)
36 inch = 1 yard
2.54 cm = 1 inch
1 Hank=840 yards=1 pound
25. Question 25. What Is Yarn Twist?
Answer :
The spiral disposition of the components of thread which is usually the result of relative rotation
of the two ends is called yarn twist.
26. Question 26. Different Relations?
Answer :
Denier = 9 × Tex
Ne × Denier = 5315
Tex × Ne = 590.6
Tex × Metric = 1000
Denier × Metric = 9000
27. Question 27. What Are The Unusable Waste In Spinning Mill?
Answer :
o dropping-II,
o flat strips of coarse count,
o Floor sweeping-II,
o dust etc.
28. Question 28. How Can You Determine Yarn Count In English System?
Answer :
Count (Ne) =length(yds)/length × weight unit/weight in gm
= (120yds/840yds) × (1lbs or 453.6gm/weight in gm)
=64.8/Weight in gm
29. Question 29. Write Down The Name Of Count Of Direct System?
Answer :
Txe,K tex,D tex,Mili tex,Denier,lb/spyndle, Woolen.
30. Question 30. Write Down The Full Meaning Of Some Institution?
Answer :
BSTI = Bangladesh standard and testing institution.
ISO = International organization for standardization.
BS = British standard
AQL = Acceptable quality level.
BCIRA = British cotton industries research association.
ITET= Institute of textile engineers and technologist.
AAMA=American apparel manufacturer association.
AAQC=American association of quality control.
31. Question 31. Different Between Cotton And Viscose?
Answer :
Cotton = Natural fiber, strength increase in wet condition.
Viscose = Man made fiber, strength decrease in we condition.
32. Question 32. What Is Bi-component Fiber?
Answer :
Bi-component fibers are synthetic fibers which fibers filament contains two types of polymer.
33. Question 33. What Is Lint And Linters?
Answer :
Then cotton which are get after first time ginning to seeds cotton is called lint and for second
time ginning of cotton is called linters.
34. Question 34. What Is Blow Room?
Answer :
The section or line where the compressed bale are converted into uniform lap of particular length
or made suitable for carding by opening, blending or mixing.
35. Question 35. How Fiber Is Form?
Answer :
Elements
↓
Monomer/molecules/macromolecules
↓
Polymer chain
↓
Fibrils/micels
↓
Fiber
36. Question 36. What Is Swelling?
Answer :
The change in dimension due to absorbing water or moisture of any textile material is termed as
swelling.
Swelling=(Swollen dimension-Dry dimension)/Dry dimension
37. Question 37. What Is Ginning?
Answer :
The procedure by which seeds and cottons are separated from seeds cotton is called Ginning.
38. Question 38. What Is Staple Length?
Answer :
The average length of spinable fiber is called staple length.
** staple length = 0.91 × effective length(U.S.A upland cotton)
39. Question 39. How The Amount Of Twist Is Expressed?
Answer :
Twist per inch(TPI) = yarn
Twist per meter (TPM) = roving
Twist per centimeter (TPCM)
40. Question 40. What Is Mass Stress?
Answer :
Mass stress = Applied forse/linear density
Unit = CN/tex , gm/tex
41. Question 41. What Is The Modern Testing Equipment For Spinning Mill?
Answer :
HVI(High volume instrument)
AFIS(Advance fiber information system)
Shirley analyzer = trash%
Moisture meter = MC%
Moisture testing oven = MR%
42. Question 42. What Is The Maximum Count To Be Produce In Rotor M/c And Ring M/c In
Spinning?
Answer :
Rotor m/c = not possible to produce more than 40s count.
Ring m/c = it is possible to produce about 300s count.
43. Question 43. What Are The Action Of Blow Room?
Answer :
o Action of opposing spikes
o Action of air current
o Action of beaters,
o Regulating action
44. Question 44. Total Draft =?
Answer :
Total draft = BD×MD×FD
BD=Back draft
MD=Middle draft
FD=Front draft
Garments Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Clothing?
Answer :
Clothing is one of the three basic needs of human being. Clothing is used for covering human
body or other bodies to fulfill or satisfy the requirements of those bodies with the object of
protection, decoration and identification.
2. Question 2. What Is Garment?
Answer :
A garment is a piece of clothing.
3. Question 3. What Is Apparel?
Answer :
Clothes of a particular type when they are being sold in a shop. Apparel can also include things
like name tags, jewelry or other stuff you wear.
4. Question 4. Why Woolen Garments Used In Cooler Climate?
Answer :
The general configuration of wool fibre is helical and this configuration works as a wall for passing
of cold or warm.
5. Question 5. What Is Design Or Sketch?
Answer :
In clothing industry design means determining the shape and cutting patterns of garments
according to it.
6. Question 6. What Id Basic Block Or Block Pattern?
Answer :
Block patterns are the main or basic patterns which are constructed with definite and standard
body measurement, but they do not possess any style or extra attractiveness or any type of
allowances.
7. Question 7. What Is A Pattern?
Answer :
It is the model of all components of garments on a hard paper board.
8. Question 8. Why Pattern Is Produced?
Answer :
o To make a set of templates of different components of garments.
o To make a large amount of production at a time.
o To minimize wastage and cost of garments.
9. Question 9. What Is Working Pattern Or Production Pattern?
Answer :
These are made on the basic of block pattern or basic block. Each block pattern is drawn or
sketched on the hard paper board with the help of pencil.
Then the following allowances and positions are added:
o Sewing allowance
o Trimming allowance
o CBL
o CFL
o Button attaching position
o Button holing position
o Plate etc.
10. Question 10. What Is Invoice?
Answer :
It is one kind of documents which contains the information about selling items. Normally there
are two types of invoice-
Proforma invoice- preliminary,
Commercial invoice-finally.
11. Question 11. How Grain Line Is Indicated/mentioned In Patterns?
Answer :
By arrow mark.
12. Question 12. What Is Grain Line?
Answer :
It is the line, which is marked on the patterns of a garment and the line indicates the warp yarn,
as a result, when the pattern is placed in the marking paper then the Grain line follow the warp
yarn of fabric.
13. Question 13. Define Category?
Answer :
In garments export and import business a definite type of garments is specified by a definite
number which is called category.
14. Question 14. What Is Approved Sample?
Answer :
The sample which is approved by the buyer is called approved sample.
15. Question 15. What Is Counter Sample?
Answer :
The manufacturers produce several numbers of samples following the approved sample which is
known as counter samples. They facility the bulk production or hung on production floor.
16. Question 16. What Do You Mean By Allowance?
Answer :
In case of garments making some additional measurements are added with standard body
measurement which is termed as allowances. This allowances is 1cm or 1inch.
there are two types of allowance-
o Trimming allowance.
o Sewing allowances.
Question 17. What Is Interlining?
Answer :
A layer of fabric which is used between two layer of fabric to give the particular area desired
shape and to enhance the strength of that particular position which is called interlining. e.g.
collar, cuff.
Question 18. What Are The Types Of Interlining?
Answer :
o Sewable interlining,
o Fusible interlining.
Question 19. What Do You Mean By Lining?
Answer :
A layer of fabric which is used in the inner side of garments to increase the comfort-ability of the
garments which is called lining.e.g. suits, coats, ladies and babies wear.
Question 20. What Is Stitch?
Answer :
The unit of sewing or seam.
Question 21. What Is Seam?
Answer :
The line of sewing of one or more than one layers of fabric/the line of joining of fabric.
Question 22. What Do You Mean By Trimmings Or Accessories?
Answer :
Beside fabric the components which are needed to make a complete garments termed as
trimmings.
EX: Button, sewing thread, lining, interning etc.
Question 23. What Is Ticket Number?
Answer :
It indicates the coarseness or fineness of a sewing thread.
Question 24. What Is L/c?
Answer :
L/C means letter of credit. It is one kind of agreement between buyer and seller.
Question 25. What Is Back Taking?
Answer :
During sewing we need to start or end it prior to 1cm or after 1cm respectively to secure the
sewing end. This is termed as back tacking.
Question 26. What Is Bar Tacking?
Answer :
We continue sewing for several times within a very short distance to increase the load or
strength of that particular portion which is termed as bar taking.e.g- edge of pocket, belt loop, Fly
piece etc.
Question 27. What Is Blind Stitch?
Answer :
A particular type of stitch which is not visible from the face side of the garments.
Question 28. What Do You Mean By C.b.l And C.f.l?
Answer :
C.B.L= center back line, C.F.L= center front line
Question 29. What Are Disposable Garments?
Answer :
The garments which are used for one time only called disposable garments.
ex: Medical garments.
Question 30. What Is Formula Of Marker Efficiency?
Answer :
Marker efficiency= total area of pattern pieces in a marker/total area of marker × 100%
Question 31. What Do You Mean By Garments Size?
Answer :
The size of garments can be expressed by two methods:
o Alphabetical expression ex: S,M,L,XL,XXL
o Numerical expression ex: 38,39,40,41,42(in cm or in inch)
Question 32. How Can You Divide All Garments?
Answer :
All types of garments can be divided mainly two groups:
o Tops part,
o Bottom part.
Question 33. Write Down The Feature Of Pull Oven / Sweater?
Answer :
o Warm shirt,
o Long sleeve,
o Waistband,
o Pull on over head.
Question 34. What Is Cloth Spreading/laying?
Answer :
To spread cloth as determined by needed quantity as per marking/ the smooth laying out of
fabric in superimposed layer of specified length.
Question 35. What Do You Mean By Fabric Cutting?
Answer :
To cut the cloth according to marker of patterns for sewing.
Question 36. What Are The Methods Of Fabric Cutting?
Answer :
(A) Manual method
o Scissor
o Round knife
o Band knife
o Straight knife
o Die cutting
o Notcher & -Drill
(B) Computerized method
o Straight knife cutting
o Water jet cutting
o Laser beam cutting
o Plasma torch cutting
Question 37. What Do You Know About Fusible Interlining?
Answer :
The interlining which is attaching to the garments component by the application of temperature
and pressure is called fusible interlining.
Question 38. How Fusible Interlining Is Manufactured?
Answer :
By using a resin coating of thermoplastic materials on a piece of fabric.
Question 39. What Is Sample?
Answer :
The garment which is needed for bulk production is called sample garment.
Question 40. What Is Sewing?
Answer :
The process of joining of fabric by the use of needle and sewing thread is called sewing.
Question 41. What Are The Basic Components Of Sewing?
Answer :
o Needle
o Throat plate
o Presser foot
o Feed dogs
o Sewing thread and fabric.
Question 42. Which Iron Is Used For Industrial Purposes?
Answer :
Steam irons.
Question 43. How Many Types Of Label?
Answer :
There are mainly three types of label
o Main label,
o Size label,
o Care label.
The all other of label are called sub label.
Question 44. How Many Types Of Woven Fabric?
Answer :
Three types –
o yarn dyed
o solid dyed(s/d)
o Denim
Question 45. What Is The Mechanism Of Producing Fading Effect In Garments Manufacturing?
Answer :
Three process of fading mechanism –
o Chemical action.
o Mechanical action
o Biological action.
Question 46. How Many Types Of Chemical Action In Garment Washing?
Answer :
Three types-
o Regular(Bleach wash)
o Irregular(Acid wash)
o Local(p.p.spray, p.p.sponge)
Question 47. What Is Lead Time In Garments?
Answer :
Time start from L/C opening or order receive to garments delivery is called lead time.
Lead time — local market = 45 days
Foreign market = 90-120 days
Question 48. What Types Of Garments Are Made From Feather?
Answer :
o Overcoats,
o jackets,
o pillow,
o blanket etc.
Question 49. What Types Of Feather Are Used For Making Garments?
Answer :
Duck chest feathers.
Question 50. What Do You Mean By Quality?
Answer :
Quality is the difference between the products or It is the goodness or badness in a product or
the feather of a product which satisfy customers or end users.
Question 51. What Do You Mean By Oe & Ce Zipper?
Answer :
OE zipper = open end zipper - use in jacket
CE zipper = closed end zipper - use in baggage.
Question 52. What Do You Mean By Tap And Aql?
Answer :
TAP = Total acceptable product in a lot
AQL = Acceptable quality limit.
Question 53. What Is Stock Lot?
Answer :
When goods are made for buyer but not possible to shipping as a result goods are stain at store.
This goods are called stock lot.
Question 54. What Is The Factor Depends On Action Of Washing?
Answer :
o Time
o Temperature
o Mechanical abrasion
o Chemical action
Question 55. Why M:l Is Important?
Answer :
Without m:l we can not determine the required amount of dyes, chemicals and water during
dyeing, washing and other wet processing. That’s why m:l is important.
Question 56. Write Some Name Of Sewing Defects?
Answer :
o Seam pucker
o Broken or open stitch
o Staggered stitch
o Slipped or skipped stitch
o Vertical stitch density.
Garment Washing Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Garment Washing ?
Answer :
The technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfort ability & fashion of the
garments is called garment washing.
2. Question 2. Write The Purpose Of Washing ?
Answer :
o The first purpose is to remove dirt, dust, impurities of garments thus achieve wash look
appearance and softness.
o The other purpose is to bring faded look, old look, tinted or over dyed affect.
o To increase color fastness, wash fastness properties no possibility of further shrinkage
of wash garments.
3. Question 3. Write Different Types Of Dry Processing?
Answer :
Sand blasting, Hand scraping, whiskering, overall wrinkle, permanent wrinkle, broken and
tagging, grinding and destroy, pp spray and pp sponging.
4. Question 4. Write Different Types Of Wet Processing?
Answer :
Normal wash / Garments wash/ Rinse wash, Pigment wash, Caustic wash, Silicon wash, Stone
wash, Enzyme wash, Stone Enzyme wash, Acid wash, Bleach wash.
5. Question 5. Write The Machine Names Which Are Used In Washing Plant.?
Answer :
The machine names which are used in Indigo washing Ltd:
o Washing machine ( No of M/c -10)
o Dryer machine (No of M/c -10): gas dryer-09 and Steam dryer-01

Each m/c wt: 1300 Kg

Rated voltage: 380 V
Rated input power: 6 kw

NB: these machines are imported from China manufacture: Shenzhen Multi se
Industries ltd.
Bangladeshi Supplier: RM flying yang industries.

o Sample Machine (No of M/c-02)

o Hydro (No of M/c -03)
o Spray gun (No of M/c -02)
6. Question 6. Write The Chemical Names Which Are Used In Washing Plant.?
Answer :
o Sodium mete bi sulphite
o per oxide
o Caustic soda
o Soda ash
o (pocket clear)
o Bleach Kci
o Caustic potash
o Phosphoric acid
o Pumice stone
o Optical Brightening agent (3 types: Red, blue, yellow )
o Sodium hypo sulphite
o Sodium bi carbonate
o Enzyme (Acid, Neutral , SL enzyme)
o Acetic acid
o Softener
o Desizing agent
o Potassium per manganate
o Micro emulsion silicon
o Buffer, stabilizer, fixing agent, catanizer , resin, anti staining agent
o Dye for tinting or over dyeing.
Question 7. What Is The Purpose Of Normal Wash?
Answer :
o To remove dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities, spot, size materials, starch from the garments
surface
o To bring the soft feeling to wear.
Question 8. Describe The 1st And 2nd Step Of Normal / Garments Wash.?
Answer :
1st Step:-
Lot size: -....................... 80 kg Twill/Canvas garment
Add water @ L: R = 1: 8-10 ............640 --800 Liter
Machine running
Add detergent @ 0.5 gm / liter ............ 320--400 gm
Temperature..... Sometime cold & sometime 40°c - 60°c
Time .............................. 5 to 10 minutes
Drop the liquor
Cold wash
2nd Step:-
Add water @ L: R = 1: 6 ......... 480 liter.
Washing machine running
Add Flax softener @ 0.6 gm / liter .......... 288 gm.
Add Acetic Acid @ 0.5 gm / liter........... 240gm.
Time................................... 5 to 10 minutes
Drop the liquor.
Unload the Garments on trolley.
Question 9. What Is The Function Of Hydro Extractor Machine?
Answer :
Function of Hydro extractor machine is to squeeze the garments for removing the excess water
from the garments.
Question 10. What Is The Purpose Of Silicon Wash?
Answer :
The purpose of silicon wash:
o It gives durable softness, elastic handle,
o It helps to anti pilling affects, dimensional stability, tear resistance.
o It helps to fabrics to be cut and sewn more easily allows and improving wears and easy
care properties.
Question 11. Describe The Desizing Process Of Silicon Wash.?
Answer :
Desizing process of silicon Wash:
Lot weight (approx 145 pies) ............ 70 kg
Add water @ L: R = 1: 10.............. 700 Liter
Machine running
Add Desizing agent @ 0.6 gm / liter ............ 420 gm
Add Detergent @ 0.5 gm / liter.................... 350 gm
Temperature.......................... 50°c
Time...............................10-20 minutes
Drop the liquor
Rinse one time 3 minutes
Question 12. Write The Chemicals Name Which Are Used For Pigment/ Caustic Wash Process.?
Answer :
Caustic soda, soda ash, detergent, acetic acid, flax softener, silicon (for more soft)
Question 13. Write The Chemicals Name Which Are Used For Enzyme Wash.?
Answer :
Chemicals name which are used for enzyme wash such as Desizing agent, detergent, acetic acid,
anti back staining agent, enzyme cationic softener, bleach (Kic), soda ash, sodium hyposulphite.
Question 14. Write The Desizing/ First Step Of Caustic Wash Process.?
Answer :
1st step of caustic wash process
Lot size: ...................... 80 kg
Add water @ L: R = 1 : 8.............. 640 Liter
Machine Running
Add Caustic soda (NAOH)..... @ 1.60 gm / liter........ 1024 gm
Add Detergent ........................ @ 0.8 gm / liter ............ 512 gm
Temperature........... 50°c to 60°c
Time (Depend upon the shade) ....... 20 to 60 minutes
Drop the liquor
Wash cold water for 3 minutes
Question 15. What Is The Standard Rpm Of Washing Machine?
Answer :
Standard rpm of washing machine is 28 to 30.
Question 16. How Can Control The Ph Value In Garments?
Answer :
By using acetic acid we can control the pH value in garments.
Question 17. What Types Of Enzyme Suitable For Dark Shade Enzyme Wash Of Denim Long
Pant & Why?
Answer :
Neutral Enzyme is suitable for dark shade enzyme wash of denim long pant because this enzyme
works for long time as compare to acid enzyme and affect comes slowly.
Question 18. What Type Of Enzyme Suitable For Medium/light Shade Enzyme Wash Of Denim
Skirt?
Answer :
Acid enzyme is suitable for medium/light shade Enzyme wash of Denim skirt.
Question 19. Write Desizing Process Of Twill Long Pant For Enzyme Wash.?
Answer :
Desizing process of twill Long Pant for Enzyme wash:
Lot weight (Approx 125 pes) ............ 60 kg
Add water @ L : R = 1 : 10 .............. 600 Litre
Machine Running
Add Desizing agent @ 0.6 gm / litre ............ 360 gm
Add Detergent @ 0.5 gm / litre.................... 300 gm
Temperature.................................... 50°c
Time........................................10---20 minute
Drop the liquor
Rinse one time 3 minutes
Question 20. Write Main Process Of Stone Enzyme Wash For Denim Long Pant.?
Answer :
Main process of stone Enzyme wash for Denim Long Pant:
o Desizing/ pretreatment
o Hot wash
o Stone enzyme bath
o Bleaching
o Neutral wash
o Soft wash
o Hydro extractor
o Dryer
o Quality checking
o Delivery.
Question 21. Write Different Types Of Washing Faults.?
Answer :
o Color shade variation
o Crease marks
o After wash hole
o Very dark and very light
o Bleach spot
o Bottom hem and course edge destroy
o Running shade
o Over blasting/low blasting
o Over grinding/low grinding
o Bad smell due to poor neutralization
o Poor hand feel
o To high hairiness
o Poor brightness
o High or low effect/abrasion on garments
o Spot on garments
o Out of range/ level of ph value of garments
Question 22. Describe Only Bleaching Process Of Bleach Wash Of Denim Long Pant?
Answer :
Batch size....................... 60 kg Denim Long Pant
Add water @ L: R = 1: 8.............. 480 litres
Machine running
Add bleaching powder (k.c.i) @ 10 gm/litre.. 4800 Gms
Add soda ash @ 5 gm/litre............................... 2400 Gms
Temperature............................................................ 60°c
Time (Depend upon the shade).................... 12 to 15 minutes
Drop the liquor
Rinse twice, each 3 minutes
Dyeing Interview Questions
1. Question 1. What Is Wet Processing?
Answer :
The process which is used for de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing is
termed as wet processing.
2. Question 2. What Do You Mean By Hardness Of Water?
Answer :
The property of the textile water for which it does not form foam easily without a lot of soap is
known hardness of water. It has two types named temporary hardness and permanent hardness.
3. Question 3. What Is Ppm?
Answer :
The number of grains of calcium carbonate which is present in one millions grains of water is
termed as PPM.
4. Question 4. What Do You Mean By Degree Of Hardness?
Answer :
The number of grains of calcium carbonates which is present in 70000 grains of water is known as
degree of hardness of water.
5. Question 5. What Is Water Softening?
Answer :
To remove the impurities of hard water by some desirable process is known as water softening.
6. Question 6. What Is Soap?
Answer :
Soap is a metallic salt of saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acid. There may be Pb, Mg, Ca or
other metallic salt.
7. Question 7. What Is Detergent?
Answer :
The compound which gets orient at the interface between water and air and reduces interfacial
tension or surface is known as detergent. It is mainly two types named ionic and non-ionic.
8. Question 8. What Is Enzyme?
Answer :
It is one types of bio catalyst. It is based on protein. It is soluble in water but insoluble in acid and
alkali.
9. Question 9. What Is Chroma?
Answer :
The dullness of vividness of color describing is known Chroma.
10. Question 10. What Is Shade?
Answer :
The meaning of shade is concentration. Usually, the depth of the tone of color is known as shade.
It is three types such as light shade, medium shade and deep shade.
11. Question 11. What Is Pigment?
Answer :
It is normally a substance in particulate form which is substantially insoluble in a medium but
which can be mechanically dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light.
12. Question 12. What Is Stripping?
Answer :
If the textile goods become uneven dyeing and insoluble for using then the color has to be
distorted. The process to destroying of removing dye or finish form fibres or fabrics is known as
stripping.
13. Question 13. What Is Topping?
Answer :
The application of further colorant not necessarily of the same hue or class to a dyed substance in
order to adjust the latter to the desired final color is known as topping.
14. Question 14. What Do You Mean By After Treatment?
Answer :
The process which is used for proper and perfect dyeing action is known as after treatment. In
case of direct dye, after treatment is done for increasing light fastness and wash fastness of dyed
materials. Dye particle is done insoluble into the fiber after treatment.
15. Question 15. What Is Vatting?
Answer :
The action which helps to insoluble vat dyes to be used by soluble is called vatting.
16. Question 16. What Is Thickener?
Answer :
It used in textile printing which is a main part of high molecular weight compound giving viscose
paste in water. Thickener imparts stickiness and plasticity to the printing paste so that it can be
applied to a fabric surface without color spreading.
17. Question 17. What Is Viscosity?
Answer :
It is the ratio of shear stress to the rate of shearing.
18. Question 18. What Is Shear Stress?
Answer :
The ratio of the force to the area of shearing is known as shear stress.
19. Question 19. What Is Shear Rate?
Answer :
The ratio of the velocity to the clearance is known as shear rate.
20. Question 20. What Is Ageing?
Answer :
It is consisting of exposing printing goods to more or less prolonged action of steam at
atmospheric pressure to assist in the diffusion and fixation of the dyes.
21. Question 21. What Is Steaming?
Answer :
This consists of submitting printed fabrics to the action of steam for varying period at various
pressure.
22. Question 22. What Is Hue?
Answer :
The attribute of color whereby it is recognized as being predominantly red, green, blue, yellow,
violet, brown etc. in simple words, a color of color is hue.
23. Question 23. What Do You Mean By Dyeing Affinity?
Answer :
The affinity of dye to the fibre is known as dyeing affinity.
24. Question 24. What Is Substrate?
Answer :
A material to which dyes and chemicals may be applied.
25. Question 25. What Is Additive Color?
Answer :
It is a mixture of colored light. The three primary colors of red, green and blue when mixed
together is equal proportions then produce white light. Mixing the three additives primaries in
differing amounts can create any color in the rainbow. Color televisions use the principle of
additive color mixing.
26. Question 26. What Is Blotch Print?
Answer :
Prints where both the background and motif color are printed into the fabric using a direct
printing process.
27. Question 27. What Is Brand?
Answer :
A trade name identifying a manufacturer or product.
28. Question 28. What Is Color Forecasting?
Answer :
The selection of ranges of color that are deemed to be those that will be wanted for a particular
product or market at a particular time in the future.
29. Question 29. What Is Color Palette?
Answer :
It is a range of selected color that will usually consist of groups of color, chosen with regard to
trends and predicate directions.
30. Question 30. What Is Color Recipe?
Answer :
List of component chemicals and pigments or dyestuff with relative quantities required to
produce desired color.
31. Question 31. What Is Consumer Textile?
Answer :
Textile not falling into the categories of apparel, furnishing, household and industrial, tents and
back packs may be referred to as consumer textile.
32. Question 32. What Is Fashion Color?
Answer :
Color within a color range perceived as being fashionable.
33. Question 33. What Is Flocking?
Answer :
The application of short fibers to a base fabric by the direct printing of adhesive onto the fabric in
the desired areas and then sticking the fibers to these areas.
34. Question 34. What Is Geo-textile?
Answer :
A textile used in soil based applications such as road building, dams and erosion control.
35. Question 35. What Is Grey Cloth?
Answer :
Undead and unfinished fabrics straight from the loom are known grey cloth or grey fabric.
36. Question 36. What Is Industrial Textile?
Answer :
Textile product group that includes car tyres, medical textiles, geo-textile, conveyor or bet, car
safety belts and parachute cord.
37. Question 37. What Is Voile?
Answer :
Light weight, open plain weave is known as voile.
38. Question 38. What Is Tie Dye?
Answer :
It is a method of patterning fabric by tyring areas of fabric and then dyeing.
39. Question 39. What Is Stentering?
Answer :
A controlled straightening and stretching process.
40. Question 40. What Is Screen Printing?
Answer :
It is a method of printing whereby the color is applied by what is essentially a stenciling process.
41. Question 41. What Is Roller Printing?
Answer :
It is a method of printing fabric that uses engraved copper rollers.
Fashion Model Interview Questions
1. Question 1. Who Is Model?
Answer :
A model is a person with a role either to promote, display, or advertise commercial products
(notably fashion clothing) or to serve as a visual aide for people who are creating works of art.
2. Question 2. What Is Modelling?
Answer :
Modelling is considered to be different from other types of public performance, such as acting or
dancing. Although the difference between modelling and performing is not always clear,
appearing in a film or a play are generally not considered "modelling".
3. Question 3. What Is Portfolios?
Answer :
Portfolio is a history of the work you have made.
4. Question 4. How Do I Put Together Eye Contagious Portfolio?
Answer :
At amazing models, we help the models to comprehend on how to put together the right kind of
photographs for their head shot.
5. Question 5. How Do I Prefer A Photographer?
Answer :
If you are just new to the modeling career, then you can afford a famous model photographer. So
just hire the photographer who is excellent in taking different stills. If you can afford, then prefer
a photographer on experience and skills.
6. Question 6. How Can I Get Immense Photos To Start A Modeling Career Without Spending
Hundreds Of Dollars?
Answer :
We will tell you specifically what agents are looking for, and then show you how to get it step by
step. I will give tips that Professional photos when testing with a good photographer run
concerning $50-$100 per outfit.
7. Question 7. How Can I Obtain An Interview With An Agency?
Answer :
Top NYC organizations have "open calls" on a usual basis. You, or any one else, can politely walk
in devoid of an appointment and get a free personal interview. Several top agencies in other
cities also have the same chance. We will help you get the particulars on these "open calls", and
show you to get the best results from this fair opportunity.
8. Question 8. What Does Citimodels Achieve?
Answer :
As your agent we submit your composite sheet to art directors and photographers to our
network of contact locally and global.
9. Question 9. What Is Meant By Open Call?
Answer :
They are free and you will get the agencies' opinions on your modeling budding and one may
even want to sign you.
10. Question 10. Tell Me The Meaning Of Compcard?
Answer :
A CompCard is a models business card or a company's brochures of manually.
11. Question 11. How Greatly Can A Model Earn?
Answer :
It differs from city to city and from job to job.
12. Question 12. What Kind Of Models And Modeling Are There?
Answer :
Sending your photos or visiting agencies near you in person is always recommended, but not
always practical. By posting your pictures on theamazingmodels.com you are accessing a large
number of top modeling agencies that are located all over the world. Our system matches you to
the right type of agency looking for your profile of model.
13. Question 13. What Do I Need To Do Before Going To Visit A Modeling Agency?
Answer :
It is essential that you research the agency thoroughly. For example, ask them for references and
contact these people to ascertain that the agency is legitimate.
14. Question 14. Do I Need Modeling Classes?
Answer :
Nope! Although some agencies encourage them. If yours does, great! But ONLY if they are giving
them to you free of charge. You shouldn't have to pay for them. You can learn a lot, but they are
not necessary.
15. Question 15. Why Is There An Age Requirement?
Answer :
It's a matter of economics. Most models have relatively short careers. Though many work
through their late 20s and early 30s, the average "retirement" age is still comparatively young.
The earlier a model gets started, the longer he or she can work. For Model Search, girls must be
ages 14 to 22 and guys ages 16 to 24.
16. Question 16. Why Do Models Have To Be Tall And Slender?
Answer :
For both aesthetic and practical reasons, that's the longtime standard in the modeling industry. A
tall, slender body is considered a better "hanger" for a designer's clothes, both on the runway
and in front of the camera (which really does add pounds). Clothing samples are cut to fit tall,
slender bodies. For girls, that usually means clothes cut in sizes 4 to 6, fitting for a girl with a
minimum height of 5 feet 7 inches. For guys, jacket sizes run from 40 to 42 and clothes are
designed for who are minimum height of 5 feet 11 inches. Occasionally, an agency will accept
shorter models (especially teenagers who wear large shoe sizes and have tall parents, in hopes
that they will continue to grow). Some agencies also have divisions for petite and plus-size
models, but the client demand is less for those categories.
17. Question 17. How Do Model Coach Products Work?
Answer :
We believe repetition of video footage is one of the best ways to prepare a model for his/her
next professional photo shoot. By looking in on an actual photo shoot, you will benefit from the
exact same information that a professional model gets, but at a fraction of the cost of a paid
shoot. We want to bring the professional photo shoot experience to you so you can gain the
same valuable information and demonstration tips from experienced professionals within the
modeling industry. Whether you learn better through watching (visual) or by listening to
instruction (auditory) this product can assist you. We have included both methods for each
persons learning type.
18. Question 18. Why Do You Offer Portfolio Test Shoots?
Answer :
We need models for commercial work at our studio and always require new faces for shoots.
Portfolio test shoots allow us to find new models that we can then book for future shoots at the
studio. We are particularly interested in local models from Kent, Sussex and Essex.
19. Question 19. Do I Need Good Quality Photos For My Modeling Portfolio?
Answer :
Yes! You may be heard that an agency only need amateur photos to judge your potential as a
model. This may be true, but these days much promotion of glamour models is done outside of
model agencies on the web with online portfolio hosting sites where the best quality portfolio
shots will give you an advantage. Your portfolio should show a variety of poses in different styles
of modeling you are looking to do, but include a clear head face shot and full length shot to show
your figure.
20. Question 20. What Are The Key Model Portfolio Shots That I Need?
Answer :
There are some key shots that you need as a model so that potential clients know what you look
like. These include a clear headshot and full height picture. If looking for lingerie and glamour
work then this should also include a bikini or lingerie photo.
21. Question 21. Are There Any Restrictions For Different Categories Of Modeling?
Answer :
Different types of modeling have different requirements. For example, catwalk has some specific
requirements for size. Atleast, You need to be at 5'8" to suit to that type and if you are less than
5'8" it will be extremely difficult for you to model full time. The requirements for glamour
modeling are far more relaxed and primarily just a figure that is in proportion.
22. Question 22. What Qualities Are Required For Modeling?
Answer :
You need to want to be a model and be committed to achieving it! It might sound obvious but it
is amazing how many prospective models realize they can't do a shoot for many weeks and then
give up. Having the right look and figure is also important but without determination you will not
succeed. If you want to be a model then you should always be professional in your attitude. If you
provide a phone number or email address you should always return contact promptly.
23. Question 23. How To Become A Fashion Model?
Answer :
I would suggest a few resources from fashion-modeling-online. You can go to the homepage and
view the video. You should also look up and call the closest modeling agency to your hometown.
Tell them you are interested in becoming a model. They will probably want a few photographs to
see what you look like. Make sure you have a headshot picture as well as a body shot.
24. Question 24. Do Models Get To Travel A Lot?
Answer :
Yes. Some assignments are shot on location abroad. Also your UK agent will place you with
agents in other capitals, eg Paris, Milan and New York. A spell with one of these can do wonders
for your portfolio.
25. Question 25. Can You Be A Successful Model Outside?
Answer :
There are a few good agents outside. If you join one of them then, once you get going, there is a
possibility they may wish to place you with a agency.
26. Question 26. How Do Models Stay Healthy?
Answer :
Models often have very tiring schedules and they need to take of themselves in order to keep up.
Models need to take responsibility for their own health and fitness while being supported by the
agency who represent them to do this.
27. Question 27. Why Is The Choice Of Model Agency So Important?
Answer :
Models work very closely with their booking agents and often develop a close professional
relationship. In a recent AMA survey, UK models represented by an AMA member agency
strongly agree that their booking agents treated them in a respectful and professional manner,
with an average rating of 45 out of 50.
28. Question 28. What Does It Take To Become A Model?
Answer :
Models are scouted because they are unusually tall as well as being slim, and physically fit. You
have to be fit and healthy to sustain a career in modelling.
29. Question 29. Why Do I Need An Agent?
Answer :
Initially the Talent Agent is employed by you (on a commission basis) to find work on your behalf.
They negotiate rates of pay and ensure that the terms and conditions of your employment
contract are sound. Your agent sends your details to the casting company or producer. The brief
may consist of physical specifications (age, nationality, gender, hair colour, etc) as well as
experience.
1) What are the fibres used in Textile Industry?

Three basic types of fibres used in Textile industries are

• Synthetic fibres
• Natural fibres
• Cotton fibres

2) What are the chemical based procedures used in textile manufacturing?

• Scouring
• Bleaching
• Bleach clean up
• De-sizing
• Fabric softening
• Mercerization
• Dyeing & Printing

3) Mention what is the difference between yarn and thread?

There is three basic material you need to manufacture textile Thread, Yarn and Fiber. A Fiber is the
basic raw material to produce yarn or thread. A textile Fiber could be natural or synthetic (man-
made).

The difference between Yarn and Thread is

• Yarn: It is a continuous twisted strand of wool, cotton or synthetic fibre used for Knitting or
weaving purpose
• Thread: It is a fine cord made up of two or more twisted fibres used in sewing and weaving

4) What are the different types of cotton available?

Different types of cotton available are

• Grey cotton fabric

• Bleached cotton fabric
• Color or dyed cotton fabric

5) What is habutae?

It is a silk fabric specially produced only in Japan but recently the reverse trend of importing this
from China and Korea is increasing.

6) Explain the fundamental principle of Knitting?

The basic principle of knitting is that a single yarn which is formed into interlocking loops with the
help of hooked needles. The loops may be closely or loosely constructed.

7) What is wale and course in the textile industry?

• Course: In Knitted fabric loop, the total amount of horizontal rows is known as Course.
• Wale: In Knitted fabric loop the total amount of vertical rows is known as Wale.
8) What is the fibre used to create linen?

To create linen FLAX fibre is used

9) What are three basics stitches in weft knitting?

• Plain Knit stitch

• Purl stitch
• Rib stitch

10) What is glass fiber and where it is used?

Glass fiber is made up of fine fibers of glass; it is lightweight, extremely strong and robust. Compare
to carbon fiber it is somewhat less strong, but it is less expensive and non-brittle. It is used for

• Filament windings around rocket cases

• Nose cones
• Exhaust nozzle
• Heat shields for aeronautical equipment
• Fishing rods
• Boat hulls and seats
• Wall paneling

11) What is two plant-based cotton source?

The two source for cotton from the plant

• Cotton plant
• Bamboo

12) What are the different ways of Textile Quality Control?

• Spectrophotometer: It is used to check the color of the fabric

• CCP ( Crucial Control Point): It is used to check raw material, stitch strength and fabric durability
• Quality Check by industrial governing body: In U.S.A, this body is known as Association for
Contract Textiles (ACT). It often imposes standard for textile quality control
• Use of UltraViolet: The fabric is exposed to ultraviolet rays that simulate the sun’s ray to check its
durability.

13) Explain how polyester is made?

Polyester is a pure synthetic material made from ethylene; it is derived from petroleum residue. It is
prepared in four basic forms filament, staple, tow and fiberfill.

14) Explain what are the different types of textile equipment?

Different types of machines used in the textile industry are

• Cotton Gin
• Loom for weaving
• Knitting Machines
• Tufting Machines
15) What it takes to become a textile manufacturer?

A textile manufacturer requires following things

• Knowledge of how to operate and manage robotic machinery

• Good knowledge of market and dealing with textile supplier, textile exporter and importer
• Dealing with a high cost of repairing and obtaining equipment
• Labor costs of acquiring highly trained workers needed to operate this machinery
• Acquiring raw material and negotiation skills

16) Explain what is chemical and auxillaries in the textile industry?

In the textile industry, a dyeing auxillaries is a chemical or formulated chemical which allows a
processing operation in preparation, dyeing, printing or finishing to be carried out more effectively.

17) Mention what are the physical types of fibers?

The physical types of fibers are

• Staple fibers: Fiber which is practically limited or finite length is called “Staple Fiber.” These are
small length fiber like wool, cotton, jute, etc. It may be man-made or natural.

• Filament fibers: Fibers with unlimited or infinite length are called filaments. It may be natural like
silk or synthetic like nylon.

18) How many fibers can you yield from each cotton seed?

Each cotton seed may produce as many as 20,000 fibers on its surface, and a single ball will contains
around 150,000 fibers.

19) Explain what is Tufting?

Tufting is a type of method for textile weaving, which is done by pushing extra yarn into a fabric. In
this process, many needles simultaneously punch the fabric at pre-determined distance for
extruding the fibers. Tufting is usually done on carpets, blankets and upholstery.

20) How non-woven fabrics are made?

The non-woven fabrics are made by interlocking or bonding of fibers through mechanical, chemical,
thermal or solvent means. Different types of fabric are used for nonwovens like wool, cotton,
polyester, acrylic, etc.

21) What are the different methods of dyeing?

Different types of dyeing methods are

• Stock dyeing
• Top dyeing
• Yarn dyeing
• Piece dyeing
• Garment dyeing
• Dope dyeing

22) How electrostatic printing works for printing textiles?

In electrostatic printing a dye resin mixture is used, this mixture is spread on a screen bearing the
design and then the fabric is passed into an electrostatic field under the screen. By effect of electro-
static field, this dye resin mixture is pulled through the pattern area on the fabric.

23) Explain what is Batik Dyeing process?

Batik Dyeing process based on the principle of resisting dyeing process. In this technique, wax is
used to design on the fabric and then immersed into a dye, and excluding wax parts the fabric will
absorb the color.

24) Explain what is spandex?

Spandex is a special type of synthetic fiber made from a long chain of synthetic polymer known as
polyurethane. It is also known as lycra and it’s more important characteristics is stretchability. It can
stretch up to 500% to its normal size and its widely used for preparing sportswear.

25) Explain what are benefits of Quality Inspection?

• Reduce the cost associated with quality problems

• Identify any non-conformity between the original product and pre-production sample
• Enhances the relationship with suppliers
1. What is wet processing?
The process which is used for de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing is termed
as wet processing.

2. What do you mean by hardness of water?

The property of the textile water for which it does not form foam easily without a lot of soap is
known hardness of water. It has two types named temporary hardness and permanent hardness.

3. What is PPM?
The number of grains of calcium carbonate which is present in one millions grains of water is
termed as PPM.

4. What do you mean by degree of hardness?

The number of grains of calcium carbonates which is present in 70000 grains of water is known as
degree of hardness of water.

5. What is water softening?

To remove the impurities of hard water by some desirable process is known as water softening.

6. What is soap?
Soap is a metallic salt of saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acid. There may be Pb, Mg, Ca or
other metallic salt.

7. What is detergent?
The compound which gets orient at the interface between water and air and reduces interfacial
tension or surface is known as detergent. It is mainly two types named ionic and non-ionic.

8. What is enzyme?
It is one types of bio catalyst. It is based on protein. It is soluble in water but insoluble in acid and
alkali.

9. What is Chroma?
The dullness of vividness of color describing is known Chroma.

10. What is shade?

The meaning of shade is concentration. Usually, the depth of the tone of color is known as shade. It
is three types such as light shade, medium shade and deep shade.

11. What is pigment?

It is normally a substance in particulate form which is substantially insoluble in a medium but which
can be mechanically dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light.

12. What is stripping?

If the textile goods become uneven dyeing and insoluble for using then the color has to be
distorted. The process to destroying of removing dye or finish form fibres or fabrics is known as
stripping.

13. What is topping?

The application of further colorant not necessarily of the same hue or class to a dyed substance in
order to adjust the latter to the desired final color is known as topping.
14. What do you mean by after treatment?
The process which is used for proper and perfect dyeing action is known as after treatment. In case
ofdirect dye, after treatment is done for increasing light fastness and wash fastness of dyed
materials. Dye particle is done insoluble into the fiber after treatment.

15. What is vatting?

The action which helps to insoluble vat dyes to be used by soluble is called vatting.

16. What is thickener?

It used in textile printing which is a main part of high molecular weight compound giving viscose
paste in water. Thickener imparts stickiness and plasticity to the printing paste so that it can be
applied to a fabric surface without color spreading.

17. What is viscosity?

It is the ratio of shear stress to the rate of shearing.

18. What is shear stress?

The ratio of the force to the area of shearing is known as shear stress.

19. What is shear rate?

The ratio of the velocity to the clearance is known as shear rate.

20. What is ageing?

It is consisting of exposing printing goods to more or less prolonged action of steam at atmospheric
pressure to assist in the diffusion and fixation of the dyes.

21. What is steaming?

This consists of submitting printed fabrics to the action of steam for varying period at various
pressure.

22. What is hue?

The attribute of color whereby it is recognized as being predominantly red, green, blue, yellow,
violet, brown etc. in simple words, a color of color is hue.

23. What do you mean by dyeing affinity?

The affinity of dye to the fibre is known as dyeing affinity.

24. What is substrate?

A material to which dyes and chemicals may be applied.

25. What is additive color?

It is a mixture of colored light. The three primary colors of red, green and blue when mixed together
is equal proportions then produce white light. Mixing the three additives primaries in differing
amounts can create any color in the rainbow. Color televisions use the principle of additive color
mixing.

26. What is blotch print?

Prints where both the background and motif color are printed into the fabric using a direct printing
process.
27. What is brand?
A trade name identifying a manufacturer or product.

28. What is color forecasting?

The selection of ranges of color that are deemed to be those that will be wanted for a particular
product or market at a particular time in the future.

29. What is color palette?

It is a range of selected color that will usually consist of groups of color, chosen with regard to
trends and predicated directions.

30. What is color recipe?

List of component chemicals and pigments or dyestuff with relative quantities required to produce
desired color.

31. What is consumer textile?

Textile not falling into the categories of apparel, furnishing, household and industrial, tents and
back packs may be referred to as consumer textile.

32. What is fashion color?

Color within a color range perceived as being fashionable.

33. What is flocking?

The application of short fibers to a base fabric by the direct printing of adhesive onto the fabric in
the desired areas and then sticking the fibers to these areas.

34. What is geo-textile?

A textile used in soil based applications such as road building, dams and erosion control.

35. What is grey cloth?

Un-dyed and unfinished fabrics straight from the loom are known grey cloth or grey fabric.

36. What is industrial textile?

Textile product group that includes car tyres, medical textiles, geo-textile, conveyor or bet, car
safety belts and parachute cord.

37. What is voile?

Light weight, open plain weave is known as voile.

38. What is tie dye?

It is a method of patterning fabric by tyring areas of fabric and then dyeing.

39. What is stentering?

A controlled straightening and stretching process.

40. What is screen printing?

It is a method of printing whereby the color is applied by what is essentially a stenciling process.

41. What is roller printing?

It is a method of printing fabric that uses engraved copper rollers.
42. What is over dyeing?
When dyeing take place on top of a previous coloring process.

43. What is furnishing?

Product group including curtains, upholstery fabrics, carpets and wall coverings.

44. What is crocking?

It is the method of transferring color by rubbing.

45. What is all over design?

Design with balanced motifs that recure regularly within the repeat unit. The motifs cover the fabric
with little ground showing.

46. What do you mean by balanced color way?

When the colors change but total relationships of the color within the deisgns stay the same, giving
the same overall visual effect.

47. What do you mean by dyeing assistance?

The assistance which are added in dyeing bath for which dyeing affinity is increased is known as
dyeing assistance.

48. What is chromophore?

The part of the molecular structure of an organic dye or pigment responsible for color is known as
chromophore.

49. What do you mean by C.M.S?

In textile dyeing industry, C.M.S stands at carboxyl methyl cellulose.

50. What is the abbreviation of T.R.O?

The abbreviation of T.R.O is Turkey red Oil.
Basic Textile Questions and Answers
1. What is Fiber?
Ans: Fiber, which is either spun (or twisted) into yarn or else directly compressed into fabric.

2. What is yarn?
Ans:Yarn, which is woven, knitted, or otherwise made into fabric.

3. What is fabric?
Ans: Fabric, which by various finishing processes becomes finished consumers goods.

4. Define ‘Natural fibers’?

Ans: Natural fibers that occur in nature can be classified as vegetable, animal, and mineral.

5. Define ‘Man made fibers’?

Ans: The natural material of cellulose has been taken from cotton linters and wood pulp, processed
chemically, and changed in form and several other characteristics into fibers of various lengths.

6. Define mineral fibers?

Ans: Glass fibers are produced by combining silica sand, limestone, and certain other minerals.

7. Define metallic fibers?

Ans: Produced by mining and refining fibers such metals as aluminium, silver and gold.

8. Define rubber fibers?

Ans: Made from the sap tapped from the rubber tree.

9. Give any three animal fibers?

Ans: Wool, Silk, Hair.

10. Give any three cellulosic fibers?

Ans: Rayon, Acetate, Triacetate.

11. Give any four vegetable fibers?

Ans: Cotton, linen, jute, hemp.

12. Give any three mineral fibers?

Ans: Glass, ceramic, graphite.

13. What is cotton fiber?

Ans: The cotton fiber grows in the seepod, or boll or the cotton plant. Cotton yarn is used to make
fabries for all type of apparel, home furnishings and industrial applications.

14. What is linen fiber?

Ans: Linen fiber is obtained from the stoke of the flax plant linen yarn can be very strong and
lustrous and in used for apparel, have furnishings and upholstery.

15. What is silk fiber?

Ans: Is a fine continuous strand unwound from the cocoon of a moth caterpillar known as the silk
worm. Silk is composed of protein. Lustrous, smooth, light weight, strong, and elastic. Used for
apparel home furnishings, and upholstery.
16. What is nylon?
Ans: Nylon is thermoplastic, resilient, elastic and very strong. It is used for a wide variety of
apparel, have furnishings and industrials products.

17. What is polyester?

Ans: Polyester fibers are thermo plastic, they have good strength and are hydrophobic, do not
absorb water well. Used for a wide variety of apparel, home furnishings and industrial fabrics.

18. Define spandex?

Ans: Spandex fibers are extremely elastic. They are used for such purpose as foundation garments,
hosiery, swim wear and sports wear.

19. Name two kinds of spinning machine?

Ans: Ring frame, mule frame.

20. What is the standard of cotton yarn count?

Ans: The standard for the yarn count in cotton is I pound of fiber drawn out to make 840 yards of
yarn. The resultant thickness or size is known as count number 1 or Ne1.

21. What is ply yarns?

Ans: Two or more strands or yarns are twisted together; they are designed as ply yarns.

22. What is ASTM?

Ans: American Society for Testing and Materials.

23. What is ISO?

Ans: International Organization for Standardization.

24. What is ANSI?

Ans: American National Standards Institute.

25. What is ICS?

Ans: Integrated Composite Spinning 84

Garments/Apparel Questions and Answers

1. What is seam?
Ans: Seam is joining of pieces of fabric together with stitching.

2. What is French seam?

Ans: French Seam is narrow seam within a seam, used on fabrics which ravel easily .

3. What is trimming?
Ans: Trimming is Evenly cutting away part of the seam allowance .

4. What is seam Allowance?

Ans: Seam Allowance is the Width between fabric edge and seam line .

5. What is Plain Seam?

Ans: Plain Seam is the Most common type of seam, Suitable for all areas of a garment and fabrics
except for sheers and laces.
6. What is Gathers?
Ans: Gathers meanstheTiny, soft folds of fabric formed when a larger piece of fabric is sewn to a
smaller piece

7. What is seam finish?

Ans: Seam Finish istheTreatment on seam edges to prevent raveling and make the seam stronger
and last longer.

8. What is Basting?
Ans: Basting is the Temporarily joining layers of fabric together.

9. What is Grading ?
Ans: Grading means theTrimming each seam allowance to a different width.

10. What is Back stitching?

Ans: Sewing backward and forward in the same place to secure stitching, is known as
Backstitching.

11. Dart
Ans: A stitched fold that provides shape and fullness to a garment so that it fits the curves of the
body

12. What is Hem?

Ans: A finished edge on a garment, one of the last steps in sewing a garment is called the hem.

13. What is Notching ?

Ans: Cutting V-shaped sections from the seam allowance is called notching.

14. What is Clipping?

Ans: Making straight cuts into the seam allowance is called clipping.

15. What is Topstitched Seam ?

Ans: A plain seam with a row of machine stitching on one or both sides of the seam line is known
as the top stitched seam.

16. What is Alter?

Ans: Alter means to change the pattern or garment so that it fits the body and represents body
measurements and proportions.

17. What is Applique.?

Ans: Applique is A cut-out decoration, design or motif applied to base fabric.

18. What is Armscye?

Ans: Armscye means the Armhole; opening for a sleeve.

19. What is Asymmetrical ?

Ans: Asymmetrical means the One-sided, not geometrically balanced.

20. What is Baste?

Ans: Baste is the Stitches made by hand or machine to hold fabric pieces together temporarily.

21. What is Bias?

Ans: Bias is the Diagonal direction of fabric. True bias is at a 45-degree angle to the grain line.
22. What is Binding?
Ans: Binding is the Strip to encase edges as a finish or trim.

23. What is Blind hem?

Ans: Blind hem means the Sewing a hem invisibly with hand or machine stitches.

24. What is Blouson?

Ans: Blouson means the Bloused effect of fullness gathered in at and falling over a seam, typically
the bodice over a skirt.

25. What is Bodice?

Ans: Bodice means the Portion of garment above the waist.

26. What is Bolt?

Ans: Bolt is the Unit in which fabric is packaged and sold by the manufacturer. Usually contains 12
to 20 yards.

27. What is Boning?

Ans: Boning means the Flexible strips used to stiffen seams or edges.

28. What is Casing?

Ans: Casing is a folded-over edge of garment or area through which elastic or ribbon is threaded.

29. What is Chevron?

Ans: Chevron is a V-shaped stripes.

30. what is Clean finish?

Ans: Clean finish means the method for finishing the raw edges of pockets, hems or seams.

31. What is Clip?

Ans: Clip is a cut in fabric to allow ease on curves or corners. Also used to indicate notches in
garment pattern.

32. What is Closure?

Ans: Closure means that which opens or closes a garment (buttons, snaps, etc., or the area on which
they are Placed)

33. What is Colorfast?

Ans: Colorfast means the Fabric that will not fade or run during cleaning or laundering.

34. What is contrasting?

Ans: Contrasting means the Opposing; showing off differences of color, fabric, shading, etc.

35. What is Crease?

Ans: Crease is a line made by folding the fabric and pressing the fold on this specified line .

36. What is Dart?

Ans: Dart is a tuck in the fabric that helps in fitting the garment over the body curve.

37. What is Dolman?

Ans: Dolman means the Sleeve set into a deep armhole so as to resemble a kimono sleeve.
38. What is Double-breasted front?
Ans: Double-breasted means Front closing that overlaps enough to allow two rows of buttons.

39. What is Drum Lining?

Ans: Drum lining is the Lining not sewn into garment seams.

40. What is Ease?

Ans: Ease is the even distribution of slight fullness when one section of a seam is joined to a slightly
shorter section without forming gathers or tucks. Used to shape set-in sleeves, princess seams, etc.

41. What is Edge stitching?

Ans: Edge stitching is the Stitching placed 1⁄16 inch from the edge; may be stitching detail, such as
topstitching or stitching done to finish the outer edge of a seam or facing edge.

42. What is Empire?

Ans: Empire is a High waistline bodice with a loose, straight skirt.

43. What is enclosed seam?

Ans: Enclosed seam means the seam allowance along a faced edge that is stitched and turned to
form an enclosed seam between two layers of fabric.

44. What is Eyelet?

Ans: Eyelet is a small, round, finished hole in a garment or fabric.

45. What do you mean by fabric hand?

Ans: Fabric hand means the way a fabric feels and drapes; its flexibility, smooth- ness and softness.

46. What is facing?

Ans: Facing is to finish an edge by applying a fitted piece of fabric, binding, etc. Also the right side
of the fabric.

47. What is Fell stitch?

Ans: Fell stitch is a Neat, tiny, vertical stitches used in tailoring.

48. What is Finger Press?

Ans: Finger press means the Pressing a small area by crease with the fingers.

49. What is Finish?

Ans: Finish is any means of completing a raw garment edge to keep it from raveling, rolling or
fraying.

50. What is Flap?

Ans: Flap is the shaped garment piece attached by only one edge, such as a flap pocket.

51. What is Flare?

Ans: Flare is a Portion of garment that spreads out or widens.

52. What is Fly?

Ans: Fly means the fabric used as lap to conceal an opening in a garment.

53. What is Fold line?

Ans: Fold line is the line where fabric is folded, usually vertically, when cutting out a garment. It is
common for the center front of a garment to be placed on a fold line.

54. What is Fusible web?

Fusible web is a web-like adhesive that melts when you apply heat and moisture.

55. What is Gather?

Ans: Gather means to draw up fabric fullness on a line of stitching.

56. What is Gore?

Ans: Gore i s a tapered section of a garment; wider at the lower edge.

57. What is Grade?

Ans: Grade means to reduce the bulk of enclosed seams by trimming the individu al seam
allowances different widths, clipping inward curves and corners, notching convex curves, and
trimming away excess fabric at outward corners.

58. What is Grosgrain?

Ans: Grosgrain means the Silk fabric or ribbon having heavy crosswise ribs.

59. What is Gusset?

Ans: Gusset is a fabric piece inserted at the un der arm to give ease in the sleeve area.

60. What is Hem?

Ans: Hem is the finished portion on skirts, jackets and sleeves held in place with a hemming stitch.

61. What is Interfacing?

Ans: A carefully selected fabric placed between the garment and the facing fabric for added body,
to give support, and to maintain shape.

62. What is Join?

Ans: A term used in pattern directions that usually means to stitch together the pieces re ferred to
using normal seam allowances and regular stitches.

63. What is Keyhole?

Ans: A rounded neckline with an inverted, wedge-shaped opening at front or back.

64. What is Lapels?

Ans: A Part of a garment that turns back, especially the front neckline fold of a jacket.

65. What is Layout?

Ans: Cutting chart on instruction guide sheet showing the place ment of pattern pieces.

66. What is Line?

Ans: Line means Style, outline or effect given by the cut and construction of a garment.

67. What is Marking?

Ans: Marking is the Transfer of construction symbols from paper pattern to fabric.

68. What is Match?

Ans: To bring notches or other construction markings on two pieces together.
69. What is Miter?
Ans: Miter – To form a diagonal seam at a square corner.

70. What is Motif ?

Ans: A Unit of design; used as decoration or pattern.

71. What is Nap?

Ans: A Soft surface with fibers that lie smoothly in one direction.

72. What is Notch?

Ans: Notch means the Cutting wedges from seam allowances of an outward curve. Also a pattern
symbol transferred to fabric to indicate seaming.

73. What is Notions?

Ans: Items other than fabric or a pattern required to complete a garment, such as buttons, thread,
zipper, etc.

74. What is Pattern markings?

Ans: The symbols for construction printed on the pattern, such as for darts, buttonholes, notches,
dots or tucks. They are transferred from the pattern to the fabric by means of tailor’s tacks, notches,
chalk, basting or tem porary fabric markers.

75. Whah is Peplum?

Ans: Peplum is a Small flounce or extension of garment around the hips, usually from the bodice.

76. What is Pin basting?

Ans: Pin basting is the technique of Pinning seams before stitching.

77. What is Pinking?

Ans: Cutting raw edges with pinking or scalloping sheers to prevent raveling.

78. What is Pintuck?

Ans: A narrow channel of fabric stitched together to form tuck design detail, used in French hand
sewing.

79. What is Pivot?

Ans: The Stitching around a corner by leaving the needle in the fabric, raising the presser foot, and
turning the fabric in a new direction.

80. What is Placket?

Ans: Garment opening fastened with zipper, snaps or buttons. Finish applied to sleeve opening with
cuff.

81. What is Pre-shrink?

Ans: Washing/dry-cleaning fabric to allow for shrinkage of fabric before the garment construction.

82. What is Princess line?

Ans: Garment fitted with seams instead of darts.

83. What is Ravel?

Ans: Ravel means the fray in the cutting edges of the fabric.

84. What is Raw –edge?

Ans: Raw edge is the Unfinished edge of fabric.

85. What is Right side of fabric?

Ans: Right side is the Finished side of fabric, outside of garment.

86. What is Rip?

Ans: To remove stitches improperly placed; also tearing fabric along the straight grain.

87. What is Roll?

Ans: Roll is the desired curve and fold (commonly on a collar); shaping established by pressing,
pad stitching, etc.

88. What is seam?

Ans: Seam refers the Two or more edges of fabric held together by sewing. Seam should be well
constructed and appropriate for the fabric, type of garment, and the location on the garment.

89. What is Seam allowance?

Ans: Seam allowance means the Width of fabric beyond the seam line, not including the garment
area.

90. What is Seam binding?

Ans: Seam binding is the Ribbon-like tape used to finish edges.

91. What is secure?

Ans: Fasten permanently by means of a knot, backstitching, etc.

92. What is Self fabric?

Ans: Self fabric means the same material as the rest of the garment.

93. What is Selvage?

Ans: Selvage is the Lengthwise finished edges on all woven fabrics. Running parallel to the
lengthwise grain.

94.What is Semi-fitted?
Ans: Fitting to conform partly, but not too closely, to the shape of the figure.

95. What is Serger?

Ans: A machine that overcasts and trims an edge simultaneously.

96. What is Shank?

Ans: The Link between button and fabric to allow for the thickness of overlapping fabric.

97. What is Sheath?

Ans: Sheath means the Close-fitting dress with a straight skirt.

98. What is Shirt waist?

Ans: Dress with bodice details similar to a shirt.

99. What is Shrinking?

Ans: Constricting fabric with steam or water to eliminate excess in a specific area. Also done to
fabric before cutting out a garment to prevent further fabric shrinkage.
100. What is Silhouette?
Ans: Silhouette means the Outline or contour of a figure or garment.

101. What is Single-breasted?

Ans: Center front closing with enough flap to allow one row of buttons.

102. What is Slash?

Ans: A Cut taken in fabric to facilitate construction or turning of fabric at a point or corner.

103. What is slip stitch?

Ans: A hand stitch used to join two layers of fabric from the right side.

104. What is Stay?

Ans: Stay it Means of maintaining the shape of a garment area, by using a small piece of fabric or
tape that is sewn to an area of the garment to reinforce and secure a position.

105. What is Stitching?

Ans: Stitching in the technique of sewing a straight stitch inconspicuously in the seam well on the
correct side of a previously stitched seam. Used to complete waist- bands, cuffs, collars, and French
bias binding.

106. What is a take?

Ans: Tack – Joining two garment layers with small, loose, hand stitches or thread loops.

107. What is Tailoring?

Ans: Tailoring means the Construction technique requiring special hand sewing and pressing to
mold fabric into a finished garment.

108. What is Taper?

Ans: Cutting or stitching at a slight diagonal, generally to make gradually smaller.

109. What is Template?

Ans: Template is a shape made of a stiff substance, such as freezer paper, usually the size of the
finished design. (i.e., pocket, applique shape or quilt pattern)

110. What is Tension ?

Ans: Tension – Amount of pull on thread or fabric during construction. Also the relationship of the
needle and bobbin thread and how they interlock to form the sewing machine stitch, creating a
balanced, looser or tighter stitch.

111. What is Thread count?

Ans: Thread count means the Number of threads in 1 square inch of fabric.

112. What is Topstitching?

Ans: Line of machine stitching parallel to a seam or edge, done from the right side of a garment.

113. What is Trim?

Ans: To cut away excess fabric is called Trim .

114. What is Trimming?

Ans: A Feature added to a garment for ornamentation, such as braid or self - fabric.

115. What is Twill tape?

Ans: A Firmly woven tape used for tailoring to reinforce and prevent stretching.

116. What is Underlining?

Ans: Lining joined in garment seams that is used to give shape or support.

117. What is Under stitching?

Ans: Under stitching is Folding the entire seam allowance to the facing side or under- side and
then stitching on the correct side of the facing close to the seam edge. This allows the seam to lie flat
and keeps the seam edge from showing on the correct side of the garment.

118. What is Vent?

Ans: A faced or lined slash in a garment for ease.

119. What is Welt?

Ans: Welt is a Strip of material stitched to a seam, border or edge.

120. What is Wrap-around?

Ans: Wrap-around means the Garment or part of a garment wrapped around a person, such as a
skirt.

121. What is Wrong side?

Ans: Wrong side means the inside of a garment or back side of fabric.

122. What is Yoke?

Ans: Yoke is the fitted portion of a garment, usually at shoulders or hips, designed to support the
rest of the garment hanging from it.

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