1.

PREAMBLE:

Control Systems simulation Lab consists of multiple workstations, each equipped with an

oscilloscope, digital multi-meter, PID trainers, control system trainers and stand alone inverted-

pendulum, ball and beam control, magnetic-levitation trainers. This lab also covers the

industrial implementation of advanced control systems via different computer tools such as

MATLAB and Simulink.

2 OBJECTIVE & RELEVANCE

The aim of this Control system laboratory is to provide sound knowledge in the basic concepts

of linear control theory and design of control system, to understand the methods of

representation of systems and getting their transfer function models, to provide adequate

knowledge in the time response of systems and steady state error analysis, to give basic

knowledge is obtaining the open loop and closed–loop frequency responses of systems and to

understand the concept of stability of control system and methods of stability analysis. It helps

the students to study the compensation design for a control system. This lab consist of DC,AC

servomotor, synchros, DC position control, PID controller kit with temperature control, lead lag

compensator kit, PLC kit, Stepper ,process control simulator

OUTCOME

 After the completion of this course student able solve the control system problems by using
the programs through MATLAB.
 Determination of transfer function useful to design the systems.
Introducing of MATLAB in control systems solutions
3 List of Experiments:

Pspice simulation of op-amp based integrator &

1. differentiator circuits

Simulation of saw tooth wave and sine wave using

2. matlab

Simulation of triangular wave and ramp wave using

3. matlab

4. Unity and non unity feedback system using matlab

5. Block diagram reduction technique using matlab

6. Simulation of p, pd, pi, pid controller

7. Simulation of dc motor characteristics using matlab

8. Simulation of poles and zeros of a transfer function

State model for classical transfer function &vice versa
9. using matlab

rd
10. Transfer function analysis of 3 order using simulink

11. Stability analysis using bode plote using matlab

12. Stability analysis using root locus using matlab

13. Stability analysis using nyquist plot using matlab

4. Text and Reference Books

TEXT BOOKS :
T1 : B. C. Kuo “Automatic Control Systems” 8th edition– by 2003– John wiley and son’s.,

T2 : I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control Systems Engineering” New Age International (P)
Limited, Publishers, 2nd edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS :
R1 : Katsuhiko Ogata “Modern Control Engineering” Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 3rd
edition, 1998.

R2 : N.K.Sinha, “Control Systems” New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 3rd
Edition,1998.

R3 : NISE “Control Systems Engg.” 5th Edition – John wiley

R4 : Narciso F. Macia George J. Thaler, “ Modeling & Control Of Dynamic Systems”

Thomson Publishers
5. SESSION PLAN

Week of
S.no Name of the experiment
Experiment

Pspice simulation of op-amp based integrator &

1. differentiator circuits Week #1

Simulation of saw tooth wave and sine wave using

2. matlab Week #2

Simulation of triangular wave and ramp wave using

3. matlab Week #3

4. Unity and non unity feedback system using matlab Week #4

5. Block diagram reduction technique using matlab Week #5

6. Simulation of p, pd, pi, pid controller Week #6

7. Simulation of dc motor characteristics using matlab Week #7

8. Simulation of poles and zeros of a transfer function Week #8

State model for classical transfer function &vice versa

9. using matlab Week #9

rd
10. Transfer function analysis of 3 order using simulink Week #10

11. Stability analysis using bode plote using matlab Week #11

12. Stability analysis using root locus using matlab Week #12

Week #13
13. Stability analysis using nyquist plot using matlab
 6 Experiment write up

6.1.PSPICE SIMULATION OF OP-AMP BASED INTEGRATOR & DIFFERENTIATOR

CIRCUITS

AIM: To simulate the integrator & differentiator circuits by using PSPICE.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: PSPICE – Personal Computer Simulated Program

with Integrated Circuit Emphasis.

a) Simulation of INTEGRATOR CIRCUIT Using PSPICE:

SYNTAX USED:

REPRESENTATION
S.NO TYPE OF SOURCE DECLARATION FORMAT
OF SOURCE

STEP ( Time at a Point) (Voltage at a

1. STEP RESPONSE PWL
Point)

2. TRANSIENT ANALYSIS .TRAN .TRAN TStep Tstop [TStart TMax] [UIC]

3. PROBE STATEMENT .PROBE It is a wave form analyzer

.PLOT (Output Variables) {(Lower limit

4. PLOT STATEMENT .PLOT
Value), (Upper Limit Value)}

DATA REQUIRED FOR DRAWING CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Draw an Integrator Circuit Using OP-AMP. For this circuit apply the Step Response
whose values are T1=0, V1=0V, T2=1NS, V2=-1V, T3=1mS, V3=-1V,
T4=1.0001mS, V4=1V, T5=2mS, V5=1V, T6=2.0001mS, V6=-1V, T7=3mS, V7=-1V,

T8=3.0001mS, V8=1V, T9=4mS, V9=1V respectively. It consists of resistances and Capacitors

whose Values are R1=2.5KΩ, Rf=1MΩ, Rx=2.5KΩ and RL=100KΩ and the capacitance value as
0.1μF. Plot the transient response from 0 to 4mseconds with an increment of 50μsecond.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROGRAM:

VIN1 1 0 PWL(0 0 1NS -1V 1MS -1V 1.0001MS 1V 2MS 1V +2.0001MS -1V 3MS -1V 3.0001MS 1V
4MS 1V)

R1 1 2 2.5K

RF 2 4 1MEG

RX 3 0 2.5K

RL 4 0 100K

C1 2 4 0.1UF

XA1 2 3 4 0 OPAMP
.SUBCKT OPAMP 1 2 7 4

RI 1 2 2MEG

GB 4 3 1 2 0.1M

R1 3 4 10K

C1 3 4 1.5619UF

EA 4 5 3 4 2E+5

RO 5 7 75

.ENDS OPAMP

.TRAN 50US 4MS

.PLOT TRAN V(4) V(1)

.PROBE

.END

OUTPUT:

RESULT: Analysis of Integrator circuit has been successfully completed.

 Simulation of DIFFERENTIATOR CIRCUIT Using PSPICE:

SYNTAX USED:

REPRESENTATION
S.NO TYPE OF SOURCE DECLARATION FORMAT
OF SOURCE

STEP ( Time at a Point) (Voltage at a

1. STEP RESPONSE PWL
Point)

2. TRANSIENT ANALYSIS .TRAN .TRAN TStep Tstop [TStart TMax] [UIC]

3. PROBE STATEMENT .PROBE It is a wave form analyzer

.PLOT (Output Variables) {(Lower limit

4. PLOT STATEMENT .PLOT
Value), (Upper Limit Value)}

DATA REQUIRED FOR DRAWING CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Draw a Differentiator Circuit Using OP-AMP. For this circuit apply the Step Response
whose values are T1=0, V1=0V, T2=1MS, V2=1V, T3=2mS, V3=0V,

T4=3mS, V4=1V, T5=4mS, V5=0V respectively. It consists of resistances and Capacitors whose
Values are R1=100Ω, Rf=10KΩ, Rx=10KΩ,RL=100KΩ and the capacitance value as 0.4μF. Plot the
transient response from 0 to 4mseconds with an increment of 50μsecond.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROGRAM:

VIN1 1 0 PWL(0 0 1MS 1V 2MS 0V 3MS 1V 4MS 0V)

R1 1 2 100

RF 3 4 10K

RX 5 0 10K

RL 4 0 100K

C1 2 3 0.4UF

XA1 3 5 4 0 OPAMP

.SUBCKT OPAMP 1 2 7 4

RI 1 2 2MEG

GB 4 3 1 2 0.1M

R1 3 4 10K

C1 3 4 1.5619UF

EA 4 5 3 4 2E+5

RO 5 7 75

.ENDS OPAMP
.TRAN 10US 4MS

.PLOT TRAN V(4) V(1)

.PROBE

.END

OUTPUT:

RESULT: Analysis of Integrator circuit has been successfully completed.

6.2. Simulation of saw tooth wave and sine wave using MATLAB

AIM: To simulate saw tooth wave and sine wave by using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB

a) Simulation of saw tooth wave by using MATLAB.

PROGRAM:

clear all;

close all;

clc;

n=input('enter the number of cycles');

t1=0:25;

t=[];

for i=1:n,t=[t,t1];

end;

subplot(2,1,1);

plot(t);

subplot(2,1,2);
stem(t);

OUTPUT:

Enter the no of cycles

MODEL GRAPH:

RESULT: Analysis saw tooth wave has been successfully completed.

B) Simulation of SINE wave by using MATLAB.

PROGRAM:

clear all;

close all;

clc;

n=input('enter the number of cycles');

t1=0:0.05:n;

x=sin(2*pi*t1);

subplot(1,2,1);

plot(t1,x);

subplot(1,2,2);

stem(t1);

OUTPUT:

Enter the no of cycles

MODEL GRAPH:

RESULT: Analysis of sine wave has been successfully completed.

6.3. Simulation of Triangular wave and Ramp wave using MATLAB

AIM: To simulate triangular wave and ramp wave by using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB

a) Simulation of triangular wave by using MATLAB.

PROGRAM:

clear all;

close all;

clc;

n=input('enter the number of cycles');

m=input('enter the number of period');

t1=0:0.1:m/2;

t2=m/2:-0.01:0;

t=[];

for i=1:n;

t=[t,t1,t2];

end;

subplot(1,2,1);

plot(t);
subplot(1,2,2);

stem(t);

OUTPUT:

Enter the no of cycles

Enter the no of periods

MODEL GRAPH:
RESULT: Analysis triangular wave has been successfully completed.
B) Simulation of ramp wave by using MATLAB.

PROGRAM:

clear all;

close all;

clc;

t=0:1:210;

y=t;

subplot(1,2,1);

plot(t,y);

subplot(1,2,2);

stem(t,y)

OUTPUT:

MODEL GRAPH:
RESULT: Analysis of ramp wave has been successfully completed
 .
6.4 Unity and Non Unity Feedback System using MATLAB

Aim: To simulation of unity and non unity feedback transfer function using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB

a) simulation of unity feedback system.

Theory:

Feedback configuration: If the blocks are connected as shown below then the blocks are said

to be in feedback. Notice that in the feedback there is no transfer function H(s) defined. When

not specified, H(s) is unity. Such a system is said to be a unity feedback system.

When H(s) is non-unity or specified, such a system is said to be a non-unity feedback system as shown
below:
The MATLAB command for implementing a feedback system is “feedback” as shown below:

When H(s) is non-unity or specified, such a system is said to be a non-unity feedback system as shown
below:

Block diagram:
Program:

Result:
 b) simulation of non unity feedback system

Block diagram

Result:
 6.5. Block diagram reduction technique using MATLAB

Aim: simulation of multi feedback system

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB

Theory:

Series configuration: If the two blocks are connected as shown below then the blocks are said

to be in series. It would like multiplying two transfer functions. The MATLAB command for the such
configuration is “series”.

The series command is implemented as shown below

Parallel configuration: If the two blocks are connected as shown below then the blocks are said to
be in parallel. It would like adding two transfer functions

The MATLAB command for implementing a parallel configuration is “parallel” as shown below:
Blockdiagram:
Program:

Result:
6.6. Simulation of P, PD, PI, PID controller
Aim: To simulate the P, PD, PI, PID controller for unit step input.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB.

Theory:

Consider the following unity feedback system:

Plant: A system to be controlled.

Controller: Provides excitation for the plant; Designed to control the overall system behavior.

The three-term controller: The transfer function of the PID controller looks like the following
KP = Proportional gain

KI = Integral gain

KD = Derivative gain

First, let's take a look at how the PID controller works in a closed-loop system using the

schematic shown above. The variable (e) represents the tracking error, the difference between the

desired input value (R) and the actual output (Y). This error signal (e) will be sent to the PIDcontroller,
and the controller computes both the derivative and the integral of this error signal.The signal (u) just
past the controller is now equal to the proportional gain (KP) times themagnitude of the error plus the
integral gain (KI) times the integral of the error plus thederivative gain (KD) times the derivative of the
error.
Program:
Model graph;
Observation:

Result:
 6.7.Simulation of DC Motor characteristics using MATLAB

AIM: To Simulate the Dc Motor Characteristics Using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB.

THEORY:

This experiment will illustrate the characteristics of the D.C. motor used in the Modular Servo and show
how it can be controlled by the Servo Amplifier.

The motor is a permanent magnet type and has a single armature winding. Current flow through the
armature is controlled by power amplifiers as in figure so that rotation in both directions is possible by
using one, or both of the inputs. In most of the later assignments the necessary input signals are
provided by a specialized Pre-Amplifier Unit PA150C, which connected to Inputs 1 and 2 on SA150D
As the motor accelerates the armature generates an increasing 'back-emf' Va tending to oppose the
driving voltage Vin. The armature current is thus roughly proportional to (Vin - Va). If the speed drops
(due to loading) Va reduces, the current increases and thus so does the motor torque. This tends to
oppose the speed drop. This mode of control is called 'armature-control' and gives a speed proportional
to Vin as in figure.

The final block diagram is as follows:

2. DC motor nominal values

moment of inertia of the rotor (J) = 3.2284E-6 kg.m^2/s^2

damping ratio of the mechanical system (b) = 3.5077E-6 Nms

electromotive force constant (K=Ke=Kt) = 0.0274 Nm/Amp

 electric resistance (R) = 4 ohm

electric inductance (L) = 2.75E-6 H

input (V): Source Voltage

output (theta): position of shaft

SIMULINK DIAGRAM:

OUTPUT WAVE FORMS:

RESULT:
 6.8.Simulation of poles and zeros of a transfer function

Aim: To simulate the Poles and zeros of the given transfer function.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Personal Computer with MATLAB.

Theory:

To obtain the poles and zeros of the system use the MATLABcommand “pole” and“zero” respectively as
shown in example 5. You can also use MATLABcommand “pzmap” to obtain the same.

Transfer function:

Program:

ng1=[1];

dg1=[1 10];
sysg1=tf(ng1,dg1);

ng2=[1];

dg2=[1 1];

sysg2=tf(ng2,dg2);

ng3=[1 0 1];

dg3=[1 4 4];

sysg3=tf(ng3,dg3);

p1=pole(sysg1)

z1=zero(sysg1)

p2=pole(sysg2)

z2=zero(sysg2)

p3=pole(sysg3)

z3=zero(sysg3)

Output:
 6.9.STATE MODEL FOR CLASSICAL TRANSFER FUNCTION &

VICE VERSA USING MATLAB

AIM:

To find state model for classical transfer function and transfer function from
state model using MATLAB.

APPARATUS: Computer with MATLAB software

THEORY:

COMMAND 1: CLC: It clears the MATLAB command window

COMMAND 2: CLEAR: it clears the MATLAB work shop variables.

COMMAND 3: DISP: Syntax – disp (variable): It displays the variable specified on

command window.

COMMAND 4: PAUSE: With this command the execution will be stopped and it waits
for the enter key.

COMMAND 5: INPUT: Syntax: Variable = Input (‘Comment’);

COMMAND 6: PERCENTAGE: It is used at the beginning of any statement to make it

as a comment in the program.

COMMAND 7: R-LOCUS: Syntax: r locus (Variable): With this we can plot the root
locus of any transfer function. That means in the above syntax the
variable is nothing but a transfer function.
COMMAND 8: BODE: Syntax: Bode (Variable): With this command we can get bode
plot of the given transfer function.

COMMAND 9: MARGIN: Syntax: Margin (Variable): With this command we can get
gain and phase margin of a bode plot of the given transfer function.
COMMAND10: SS: Syntax: Variable1= SS(Variable2): With this command we can get
state space model for the given transfer function. Variable 2 is a
transfer function and variable 1 holds the SS model.

COMMAND11: SS DATA:Syntax: [a,b,c,d]=SSdata (Variable):

With this command we can retrieve the a,b,c,d matrices of a state

space model. Variable holds the state space model.

PROCEDURE:

1. Write the programme in MATLAB text editor using mat lab instructions for state
model of classical transfer function and for transfer function from state model.

2. Run the programs.

3. Note down the outputs.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

GRAPHS

BACK EMF CHARACTERISTICS

E
b

o
NW
(r.p.m)
PROGRAM 1:

a= input ( “Enter the values of a matrix” );

b= input ( “Enter the values of b matrix” );

c= input ( “Enter the values of c matrix” );

d= input ( “Enter the values of d matrix” );

[num , den] = SS2 tf (a,b,c,d,1)

S1=tf (num(1, : ) , den );

S2=tf (num(2, : ) , den );

[num1 , den1 ] = SS2 tf (a,b,c,d,2);

S3=tf (num1 (1, : ) , den1 );

 S4=tf (num1 (2, : ) , den1 );

DISP [S1,S2,S3,S4 ];

PROGRAM 2:

Num = input (“Enter numerator polynomial values in the form of matrix array” );

den1 = input (“Enter denominator 1 values” );

den2 = input (“Enter denominator 2 values” );

den = conv (den1,den2);

H = tf (num,den);

P = SS(H);

[a,b,c,d] = SS data(P);

RESULT:

The state model for classical transfer function and transfer function from state
model are obtained using MATLAB software.
 6.10. TRANSFER FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF 3rd ORDER USING
SIMULINK

AIM: To Simulate the transfer function of 3rd order system using SIMULINK.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – MATrix LABoratory.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

OUTPUT:

RESULT: Determination of Transfer function analysis of 3RD order system with

SIMULINK has been successfully completed
 6.11.STABILITY ANALYSIS USING BODE PLOTE USING MATLAB

AIM: To find out the Simulation of stability analysis of Linear Time Invariant

using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: MATLAB – Matrix Laboratory.

BODE PLOT for 2nd , 3rd ,4th & 5th order systems:

2nd order system:

25
The transfer function is G(s) = . Plot the bode
s  4 s  25
2

plot.(p.517)

Program:

num=[0 0 25];

den=[1 4 25];

bode(num,den)

title(‘Bode diagram of G(s)= 25/s^2+4s+25)’)

3rd order system:

 The transfer function is G(s) =

9 s 2  0.2s  1 . Plot the bode
s( s 2  4s  25)
plot.(p.518)

Program:

num=[0 9 1.8 9];

den=[1 1.2 9 0];

bode(num,den)

title(‘Bode diagram of G(s)= 9(s^2+0.2s+1)/s(s^2+1.2s+9)’)

4th order system:

4( 2 s  1)
The transfer function is G(s)= . obtain the Bode
s 2 ( s 2  0 .4 s  4 )
plot(p.611)

Program:

num=[0 0 0 8 4];

den=[1 0.4 4 0 0];

bode(num,den)

title(‘Bode diagram of G(s)= 4(2s+1)/(s^2(s^2+0.4s+4)’)

5th order system:

40( s  0.4)( s  0.2)

The transfer function is G(s) =
s( s  4)( s  0.02)( s  1)( s  2)

Plot the bode plot.(p.670)

 Program:

num=[0 0 0 40 24 3.2];

den=[1 9.02 24.18 16.48 0.32 0];

bode(num,den)

title(‘Bode diagram of G(s)’)

Result: Bode plot is plotted for the given transfer function is plotted using

MATLAB has been successfully completed.

 6.12. STABILITY ANALYSIS USING ROOT LOCUS USING MATLAB

ROOT LOCUS for 2nd , 3rd ,4th & 5th order systems:

2nd order system:

K ( s  2)
The transfer function is G(s) = . Obtain the Root Locus
( s  3)( s  4)
plot.

Program:

num=[0 1 2 ];

den=[1 7 12];

rlocus(num,den)

v=[-6 6 6 -6];

axis(v);

grid;

title(‘Root Locus Plot of G(s)=K(s+2)/[(s+3)(s+4)]’)

3rd order system:

K ( s  0 .4 )
The transfer function is G(s) = . Obtain the Root Locus
s 2 ( s  3 .6 )
plot. (p.400)

Program:
 num=[0 0 1 0.4];

den=[1 3.6 0 0];

rlocus(num,den)

v=[-5 1 –3 3]; axis(v);

grid;

title(‘Root Locus Plot of G(s)=K(s+0.4)/[s^2(s+3.6)]’)

4th order system:

K ( s  3)
The transfer function is G(s) = .. Obtain Root
s ( s  1)( s 2  4 s  16)
locus plot. (p.360)

Program:

num=[0 0 0 1 3];

den=[1 5 20 16 0];

rlocus(num,den)

v=[-6 6 -6 6];

axis(v); axis(‘square’);

grid;

title(‘Root-Locus Plot of G(s)=K(s+3)/[s(s+1)(s^2+4s+16)]’)

5th order system:

 K ( s 2  2s  4)
The transfer function is G(s) = . Obtain the
s ( s  4)( s  6)( s 2  1.4s  1)
Root locus Plot. (p.378)

Program:

num=[0 0 0 1 2 4];

den=[1 11.4 39 43.6 24 0];

rlocus(num,den)

v=[-7 3 -5 5];

axis(v); axis(‘square’);

grid;

title(‘Root Locus Plot of G(s) = K(s^2+2s+4)/[s(s+4)(s+6)(s^2+1.4s+1)]’)

Result: Root Locus Plot is plotted for the given transfer function is plotted

using MATLAB has been successfully completed.

6.13.STABILITY ANALYSIS USING NYQUIST PLOT USING MATLAB

NYQUIST PLOT for 2nd , 3rd ,4th & 5th order systems:

2nd order system:

1
The transfer function is G(s) = . Obtain the Root Locus
s  0.8s  1
2

plot. (p.532)

Program:

num=[0 0 1];

den=[1 0.8 1];

nyquist(num,den)

v=[-2 2 -2 2];

axis(v);

grid;

title(‘Nyquist Plot of G(s)=1/s^2+0.8s+1)’)

3rd order system:

20( s 2  s  0.5)
The transfer function is G(s) = . Draw a Nyquist
s( s  1)( s  10)
plot using MATLAB. (p.600)

Program:
 num=[0 20 20 10];

den=[1 11 10 0];

nyquist(num,den)

v=[-2 3 –3 3]; axis(v);

grid;

title(‘Nyquist Plot of G(s)=20(s^2+s+0.5)/[s(s+1)(s+10)]’)

4TH order system:

100( s  0.1)
The transfer function is G(s) = . Draw a
( s  10)( s 3  3S 2  2S  10)
Nyquist plot using MATLAB. (p.600)

Program:

num=[0 0 0 100 10];

den=[1 13 32 26 60];

nyquist(num,den)

v=[-2 3 –3 3]; axis(v);

grid;

title(‘Nyquist Plot of G(s)=100(s+0.1)/[(s+10)(s^3+3S^2+2S+10)]’)

Result: Nyquist Plot is plotted for the given transfer function is plotted

using MATLAB has been successfully completed.

7 Content beyond syllabus:
 8 Sample Viva Voce Questions

Exp 1:

1. What is delay time?

2. What is rise time?
3. What is peak time?
4. What is peak overshoot?
5. What is settling time?

Exp 2:

1. What is a synchro?
2. What is the use of synchro?
3. What is the constructional difference between synchro transmitter & synchro
receiver?
4. What is the relation between a synchro & a transformer?
5. Where do we get maximum e m f in a synchro?
6. When we will get maximum e m f in a synchro?
7. What is the phase different between three voltages induced in the stator of
synchro and why ?
8. How do you determine zero position of synchro
9. what is the error voltage induced ?

Exp 3:

1. What is a servomotor?
2. What are the applications of servomotor?
3. How do you load the D.C Servomotor?
4. Why a servomotor should not be switched on load?
5. What are the elements used as feedback
6. What are the general input and o/p parameters of D.C. servomotor
 7. What is the element used as error detector in the given circuit.

Exp 4:

What is a servomotor?
2. What are the applications of servomotor?
3. How can we get the feed back characteristics of D.C Servomotor?
4. How do you load the D.C Servomotor?
5. Why a servomotor should not be switched on load?
6. What is a mathematical model ? What is its importance?
7. How do you define transfer function? What is its significance?
8. What are Kb, KT

Exp 5:

1. What is the use of a controller in control system?

2. What is the use of proportionality controller?
3. Why is integral controller used?
4. Why is differential controller used?
5. How can you rectify an error using controller?
6. What is meant by sampling network?
7. How do you sense the errors in a control system?
8. What do you mean by tuning of controller?
9. Which controller is most commonly used?

Exp 6:

1. What is the instruction used for plotting bode plot

2. do we get transfer function of a control system using MATLAB?

3. How do you load the A.C Servomotor?

Exp 7:

1. What is the formula for calculating phase angle?

2. What is the formula magnitude of phase lead circuit lag network & loss?

3. What is the difference between lag network & low pass filter?

4. What is meant by compensation?

5. How a lag network can be compensated?

Exp 8:

1. What is a magnetic amplifier?

2. What is the difference between magnetic amplifier & electronic amplifier?

3. Which amplifier (series parallel) gives maximum amplification?

4. What is the need of control winding?

5. What is the need of bias winding?

Exp 9:

1. What is MATLAB?

2. What are the applications of MATLAB?

3. What is the instruction used for plotting root locus?

4. What is the instruction used for plotting bode plot?

5. How do we get transfer function of a control system using MATLAB?

6. How many windows does it has?

7. How do you differentiate C language programming with MATLAB?

Exp 10:

1. What is MATLAB?

2. What are the applications of MATLAB?

3. What is the instruction used for plotting root locus?

4. What is the instruction used for plotting bode plot?

5. How do we get transfer function of a control system using MATLAB?

Exp 11:

1. What is a servomotor?
2. What are the applications of servomotor?
3. How can we get the feed back characteristics of A.C Servomotor?
4. How do you load the A.C Servomotor?
5. Why a servomotor should not be switched on load?
6. How can a A.C servomotor be controlled?
9. Sample Question paper of the lab external

1 Simulate op-amp based integrator &differentiat circuits

2 write a program for saw tooth wave and sine wave using matlab

3 write a program for triangular wave and ramp wave using matlab

4 write a program for Unity and non unity feedback system using matlab

5 Simulate Block diagram reduction technique using matlab

6 write a program for p, pd, pi, pid controller

7 Simulate dc motor characteristics using matlab

8 write a program for poles and zeros of a transfer function

9 write a program for State model for classical transfer function &vice
versa using matlab

10 write a program for Transfer function analysis of 3rd order using simulink

11 write a program for Stability analysis using bode plote using matlab

12 write a program for Stability analysis using root locus using matlab

13 write a program for Stability analysis using nyquist plot using matlab
10. Applications of the laboratory

1) To find the state space model of control system using simulation

2) To find the second order system output using simulation

3) to know the closed loop system using simulation

4) to find the stability of control systems using simulation

5) plot the locus diagram for second and higher order system using simulation
11. Precautions to be taken while conducting the lab

SAFETY – 1

Power must be switched-OFF while making any connections.

 Do not come in contact with live supply.
 Power should always be in switch-OFF condition, EXCEPT while you are taking readings.
 The Circuit diagram should be approved by the faculty before making connections.
 Circuit connections should be checked & approved by the faculty before switching on the
power.
 Keep your Experimental Set-up neat and tidy.
 Check the polarities of meters and supplies while making connections.
 Always connect the voltmeter after making all other connections.
 Check the Fuse and it’s ratify.
 Use right color and gauge of the fuse.
 All terminations should be firm and no exposed wire.
 Do not use joints for connection wire.
SAFETY – II

1. The voltage employed in electrical lab are sufficiently high to endanger human life.
2. Compulsorily wear shoes.
3. Don’t use metal jewelers on hands.
4. Do not wear loose dress
Don’t switch on main power unless the faculty gives the permission
12. Code of Conduct

1. Students should report to the labs concerned as per the timetable.

2. Students who turn up late to the labs will in no case be permitted to perform the
experiment scheduled for the day.

3. After completion of the experiment, certification of the staff in-charge concerned in the
observation book is necessary.

4. Students should bring a notebook of about 100 pages and should enter the
readings/observations/results into the notebook while performing the experiment.

5. The record of observations along with the detailed experimental procedure of the
experiment performed in the immediate previous session should be submitted and
certified by the staff member in-charge.

6. Not more than three students in a group are permitted to perform the experiment on a
set up.

7. The group-wise division made in the beginning should be adhered to, and no mix up of
student among different groups will be permitted later.

8. The components required pertaining to the experiment should be collected from Lab-
in-charge after duly filling in the requisition form.

9. When the experiment is completed, students should disconnect the setup made by
them, and should return all the components/instruments taken for the purpose.

10. Any damage of the equipment or burnout of components will be viewed seriously either
by putting penalty or by dismissing the total group of students from the lab for the
semester/year.

11. Students should be present in the labs for the total scheduled duration.

12. Students are expected to prepare thoroughly to perform the experiment before coming
to Laboratory.

13. Procedure sheets/data sheets provided to the students’ groups should be maintained
neatly and are to be returned after the experiment.
13. Graphs if any.