DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (HU 202)
ASSIGNMENT NO. 3
TOPIC: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SUBMITTED BY-
NAME:- DHEERAJ
ROLL NO. :- 2K17/ME/82
BRANCH: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER: 4TH
GROUP: ME 2
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainability is the foundation for today’s leading global framework for international
cooperation – the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs).
Each of the 17 SDGs has specific targets to be achieved by 2030. The goals and targets
are universal, meaning they apply to all countries around the world, not just poor
countries. Reaching the goals requires action on all fronts – governments, businesses,
civil society and people everywhere all have a role to play.
Discover how IISD's work relates to the Sustainable Development Goals using
our interactive tool. Or explore our SDG Knowledge Hub, an online resource center for
the latest news, original commentary from our experts, guest articles from key actors in
SDG implementation, and a calendar of upcoming events related to the 2030 Agenda.
Sustainable development has its roots in ideas about sustainable forest
management which were developed in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries. In
response to a growing awareness of the depletion of timber resources in England, John
Evelyn argued that "sowing and planting of trees had to be regarded as a national duty
of every landowner, in order to stop the destructive over-exploitation of natural
resources" in his 1662 essay Sylva. In 1713 Hans Carl von Carlowitz, a senior mining
administrator in the service of Elector Frederick Augustus I of
Saxony published Sylvicultura oeconomica, a 400-page work on forestry. Building upon
the ideas of Evelyn and French minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert, von Carlowitz
developed the concept of managing forests for sustained yield.[11] His work influenced
others, including Alexander von Humboldt and Georg Ludwig Hartig, eventually
leading to the development of a science of forestry. This in turn influenced people
like Gifford Pinchot, first head of the US Forest Service, whose approach to forest
management was driven by the idea of wise use of resources, and Aldo
Leopold whose land ethic was influential in the development of the environmental
movement in the 1960s.
The Sustainable Development Goals :
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a collection of 17 global goals set by the
United Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030. The SDGs are part of
Resolution 70/1 of the United Nations General Assembly, the 2030 Agenda.
The Sustainable Development Goals are:
1) No Poverty,
2) Zero Hunger,
3) Good Health and Well-being,
4) Quality Education,
5) Gender Equality,
6) Clean Water and Sanitation,
7) Affordable and Clean Energy,
8) Decent Work and Economic Growth,
9) Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure,
10) Reducing Inequality,
11) Sustainable Cities and Communities,
12) Responsible Consumption and Production,
13) Climate Action,
14) Life Below Water,
15) Life On Land,
16) Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions,
17) Partnerships for the Goals.
The goals are broad based and interdependent. The 17 Sustainable Development
Goal's each have a list of targets that are measured with indicators.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ECOLOGY:-
It has been suggested that because of rural poverty and overexploitation, environmental
resources should be treated as important economic assets, called natural
capital. Economic development has traditionally required a growth in the gross
domestic product. This model of unlimited personal and GDP growth may be
over.] Sustainable development may involve improvements in the quality of life for
many but may necessitate a decrease in resource consumption. According to ecological
economist Malte Faber, ecological economics is defined by its focus on nature, justice,
and time. Issues of intergenerational equity, irreversibility of environmental
change, uncertainty of long-term outcomes, and sustainable development guide
ecological economic analysis and valuation.
ECOLOGY:
The ecological stability of human settlements is part of the relationship between
humans and their natural, social and built environments. Also termed human ecology,
this broadens the focus of sustainable development to include the domain of human
health. Fundamental human needs such as the availability and quality of air, water,
food and shelter are also the ecological foundations for sustainable
development, addressing public health risk through investments in ecosystem
services can be a powerful and transformative force for sustainable development which,
in this sense, extends to all species.
Environmental sustainability concerns the natural environment and how it endures and
remains diverse and productive. Since natural resources are derived from the
environment, the state of air, water, and the climate are of particular concern.
The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report outlines current knowledge about scientific,
technical and socio-economic information concerning climate change, and lists options
for adaptation and mitigation. Environmental sustainability requires society to design
activities to meet human needs while preserving the life support systems of the planet.
This, for example, entails using water sustainably, utilizing renewable energy, and
sustainable material supplies (e.g. harvesting wood from forests at a rate that maintains
the biomass and biodiversity).
POLITICS:
A study concluded that social indicators and, therefore, sustainable development
indicators, are scientific constructs whose principal objective is to inform public policy-
making.The International Institute for Sustainable Development has similarly
developed a political policy framework, linked to a sustainability index for establishing
measurable entities and metrics. The framework consists of six core areas, international
trade and investment, economic policy, climate change and energy, measurement and
assessment, natural resource management, and the role of communication technologies
in sustainable development.
The United Nations Global Compact Cities Programme has defined sustainable
political development in a way that broadens the usual definition beyond states and
governance. The political is defined as the domain of practices and meanings associated
with basic issues of social power as they pertain to the organisation, authorisation,
legitimation and regulation of a social life held in common. This definition is in accord
with the view that political change is important for responding to economic, ecological
and cultural challenges. It also means that the politics of economic change can be
addressed.
CULTURE:
Working with a different emphasis, some researchers and institutions have pointed out
that a fourth dimension should be added to the dimensions of sustainable development,
since the triple-bottom-line dimensions of economic, environmental and social do not
seem to be enough to reflect the complexity of contemporary society. In this context,
the Agenda 21 for culture and the United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG)
Executive Bureau lead the preparation of the policy statement "Culture: Fourth Pillar
of Sustainable Development", passed on 17 November 2010, in the framework of the
World Summit of Local and Regional Leaders – 3rd World Congress of UCLG, held in
Mexico City.
