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Column Tray Design PDF

This document discusses distillation and absorption column tray design. It covers different tray types including sieve, valve, and bubble cap trays. It also discusses operational limits for trays and design points. Tray spacing, downcomer area, hole diameter, and other parameters are outlined. The document also covers packed column design, including types of random and structured packing as well as methods for determining packing height and diameter.

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235 views9 pages

Column Tray Design PDF

This document discusses distillation and absorption column tray design. It covers different tray types including sieve, valve, and bubble cap trays. It also discusses operational limits for trays and design points. Tray spacing, downcomer area, hole diameter, and other parameters are outlined. The document also covers packed column design, including types of random and structured packing as well as methods for determining packing height and diameter.

Uploaded by

Sankit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Trays types

Sieve Valve Bubble cap

Enhance Deck (Sulzer)

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Operational limits for trays.

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Design Point

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Diameter first. Design for velocity. Flooding velocity given by (are you surprised?)

Fair correlation
AN

Use ~80% of flooding velocity. Diameter is a function of the NET area AN

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN
Tray Spacing: Large if froth is expected, also allow space for crawling (12” to 24”).

Downcomer area: Fluid velocity larger than ascending bubbles (minimum width: 5”)
Range of velocities= 0.1-0.7 ft/sec. Residence time criteria (3-5 sec) . Downcomer
flooding should be avoided.

Hole diameter: 3/16 to ¼ in.

Total Hole Area: Such that the velocity


2
through the holes does not form jets)
AAll − holes ⎛ hole − diameter ⎞
=K⎜ ⎟ K = 0.905(equilateral triangular pitch) K = 0.785(rectangular pitch)
Aholes ⎝ hole − pitch ⎠
Number of Holes: Hole area/Total hole area

Height of weir: Francis formula

Pressure drop: to be watched. Do not want it to be too large (5-10”). Typical value
~0.1 psi

Efficiency: Murphy & Point Efficiency. There are correlations. In the absence of
data look for similar mixtures.

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION PACKED COLUMN DESIGN

Packed Towers

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY
DESIGN
Random Packing

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY
DESIGN
Structured Packing Flexipack (Koch)Æ

Sulzer

Ceramic

ChE 4253 - Design I


DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Packing Height: Number of equilibrium stages x HETP (Height Equivalent to a


Theoretical Plate)

HETP: Typically a function of gas rate (ft/sec) and the packing, as well as the
mixture.

Packing Diameter: Similar graph to Fair’s graph

ChE 4253 - Design I

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