Control system: an

overview.

Presented by:
M. Khoirul Effendi ST. MSc. (Eng.)
Building blocks of Industry 4.0

Autonomou
s Robots

Big data
Simulation
analytics

Horizontal
Augmented and vertical
reality Industry 4.0 system
integration

Industrial
Additive
Internet of
Mfg
Things
Cyber
Security
Autonomous robot : smart
warehouse
Warehouses perform the following
functions-
i. Storage of goods
ii. Protection of goods
iii. Risk bearing
iv. Financing
v. Processing
vi. Grading and branding
vii. Transportation

Video 1

Video 2
Simulation : airless tire

This tire able to solve problem in conventional tire regarding pressure problem.
For example improper pressure and loss pressure when this tire has a nail on
its surface.
Additive Manufacturing

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an appropriate name to describe the

technologies that build 3D objects by adding layer-upon-layer of
material, whether the material is plastic, metal etc.
3D printer
Overview of Autonomous
system

Transformation Process

Continuous and Discrete Continuous and Discrete

Parameters Variables

Actuators Sensors

DAC ADC
Computer
Controller
(i.e. PLC,
Output Devices Input Devices
Micro-contr.)
Terminology in a control
system
 Plant or process: System to be controlled
 Inputs: Commands, driving signals, or excitations (known, unknown)
 Outputs: Responses of the system
 Sensors: Devices that measure system variables (excitations, responses, etc.)
 Actuators: Devices that drive various parts of the system
 Controller: Device that generates control signal
 Control law: Relation or scheme according to which the control signal is generated
 Control system: At least the plant and the controller (may include sensors, signal
conditioning, and other components as well)
 Feedback control: Control signal is determined according to plant response
 Open-loop control: Plant response is not used to determine the control action
 Control: Control signal is determined according to plant excitation or a model of the
plant
Specification of Control
System
Rolling Door Mechanism

Final Element
Actuator

Sensor
Contoh: Garasi mobil
otomatis Ada tidaknya mobil
yang keluar/masuk
garasi

Transformation Process

Motor Continuous and Discrete Continuous and Discrete

Parameters Variables

Actuators Sensors

Photodiode
DAC ADC
Computer
Controller
(i.e. PLC,
Output Devices Input Devices
Micro-contr.)

Atmega 8535
Contoh Tugas Besar : Pintu
garasi mobil otomatis

Keterangan gambar

1. Mikrokontroler ATMega8535
2. Layar LCD 2x16
3. Downloader
4. Photo diode Transmitter
5. Photo diode Reciver
6. Baterai
7. Driver motor
8. Motor DC
Natural Gas Home Heating
System
Block diagram of the
heating system
Structure of the telemedicine
system.
Self Driving Car
Sensor Inside a Car
Actuator in a car
Anti Braking System (ABS)

2
Working principle
• Locked wheel (during braking) causes
skidding and lack of control during
driving a car
• Release and re-apply braking able to
avoid the locking wheels
• Main components of ABS
1. Speed sensor
2. Valves
3. Pump
4. Controller
Digital control, why?

 Digital control is less susceptible to noise or parameter variation in

instrumentation
 Very high accuracy and speed
 Digital control systems can handle repetitive tasks extremely well,
through programming.
 Complex control laws and signal-conditioning algorithms that might
be impractical to implement using analog devices can be
programmed.
 High reliability in operation can be achieved by minimizing analog
hardware components
 Large amounts of data can be stored
 Data can be stored or maintained for very long periods of time
without drift and without getting affected by adverse environmental
conditions..
PLC
Hierarchical
control/communications structure

An example of Hierarchical
control/communications
structure in Intelligence
Mechatronic System (IMS)
Coal Power Plant