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Velammal Institute of Technology Chennai: V.Sathish

This document describes a traffic density controller system designed to help reduce traffic congestion. The system uses infrared sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and wirelessly controls traffic lights accordingly. It has two modes: automatic mode, where sensors determine which road has highest density and the microcontroller adjusts lights; and manual mode, where a remote keypad can control lights. The system is built around an ATMEL 89C51 microcontroller and uses infrared transmission and RF receivers/transmitters for wireless communication. It is intended to help reduce wasted time in traffic and provide easier traffic flow control.

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97 views

Velammal Institute of Technology Chennai: V.Sathish

This document describes a traffic density controller system designed to help reduce traffic congestion. The system uses infrared sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and wirelessly controls traffic lights accordingly. It has two modes: automatic mode, where sensors determine which road has highest density and the microcontroller adjusts lights; and manual mode, where a remote keypad can control lights. The system is built around an ATMEL 89C51 microcontroller and uses infrared transmission and RF receivers/transmitters for wireless communication. It is intended to help reduce wasted time in traffic and provide easier traffic flow control.

Uploaded by

Shubhu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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V.

SATHISH

VELAMMAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


CHENNAI
INTRODUCTION
 Due to the heavy traffic in the road many people are
suffering. Even though there is traffic signal available at
various places it is not easy to control the crowd. In order to
avoid traffic problem heavily on the road, we designed and
developed a system so called as traffic density controller with
wireless control.
TRAFFIC DENSITY
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Transmitting data
Transmitting data
DESIGN COMPONENTS
 ATMEL 89C51 MICROCONTROLLER
 IR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER
 ENCODER WITH RF TRANSMITTER
 DECODER WITH RF RECEIVER
 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
 RELAY DRIVER CIRCUIT
 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
WHY MICROCONTROLLER?

single chip microprocessor system


The microcontroller contains full
implementation of a standard
MICROPROCESSOR, ROM, RAM, I/0,
CLOCK, TIMERS, and also SERIAL
PORTS.
system as a low cost product
WHY ATMEL 89C51 MC?
89c51 have RISC architecture and
contains less no of opcodes which are
easy for programming. so it is preferred
than 8051.
 Flash EPROM
provided with memory not only RAM but
also ROM
parallel and serial port (Universal
Asynchronous Receiver/ Transmitter)
ADVANTAGES OF INFRARED
 Electrical devices do not interfere with infra red
transmission.
 infra red technology are its simple and extremely
cheap senders and receivers which are integrated into
nearly all mobile devices
 No licenses are needed for infra red
technology and shielding is very simple
 the transmission of infra red light (e.g., at 900 nm
wavelength).
IR TRANSMITTER
 Symbol and operation of IR transmitter is very similar to
ordinary LED
 IR transmitter generates infrared. IR transmitter is made up
of Gallium arsenide.
 If we pass the current to gallium arsenide it produces IR rays.
 Current applied to the sensor is directly proportional to the
rays emitted
 though IR transmitter can
withstand up to 35mA, we have used 5mA due to shortest
distance.
 If the distance is more we have to increase the current flow to
the transmitter
IR RECEIVER
 This circuit is mainly used to for counting application
 Since IR can be used only during proper alignment
position
 IR receiver is having reverse characteristics of the IR
transmitter
 IR Receiver will conduct as long as the rays falls on it.
ENCODER WITH RF TRANSMITTER
 In this circuit HT 640 is used as encoder
We are going to implement 433.92 MHz RF
transmitter to our project for effective, quick,
reliable type and its operated at 12v dc.
This can be switched by relays.
 Mixer encoder
 This is to mix carrier and modulation system and
encoded for signal transmission
DECODER WITH RF RECEIVER
In this circuit HT648 is used as decoder
Wireless receiver is having reverse characteristics of
the wireless transmitter
 The 318 decoder are a series of CMOS LSIs for remote
control system application
 proper operation a pair of encoder/decoder pair with the
same number of address and data format should be
selected.
FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE
OPERATION
Here we are using two modes, namely

1. Automatic Mode
2. Manual mode
.
AUTOMATIC MODE
 The IR sensor senses how many vehicles are crossing on
the corresponding side. All the sensors send the
corresponding output signal to microcontroller.
 The LCD display is used to indicate the side through
which the vehicle has to be passed
 The microcontroller compares which road side is the
highest density (i e, more vehicles) and it delivers the
corresponding signal to LED driver circuits. The LED driver
circuit enables the LED to display for particular time
depends on traffic density.
MANUAL MODE

 When this type of system is followed, we are sure


that we can control the traffic to certain extent to
certain extent.

 From this system, we can free up the traffic in the


VIP’s traveling road by wireless.

 There is a key pad connected remotely to control that.


For each key present in that the corresponding road
will be free up and other roads are blocked.
ADVANTAGES
 Avoids wastage of time due to the traffic

 Fully automatic

 Low power consumption

 It provides the easy access in the traffic light

 Low cost to design the circuit, maintenance of the circuit is good

 By using this microcontroller IC we can create many more control to

the appliances

 Easy convenience to handle


APPLICATIONS
 The project is mainly used in the traffic signals
 It is a boon to the automobiles so that there are many
advantages
 It can be implemented on some other areas where we need
wireless transmission
 It is implemented in the traffic signals also for monitoring
the vehicles if there is any misuse it will automatically
know
FUTURE SCOPE
CONCLUSION
 The project may be very well used in where the traffic signals
is kept and in many other places where we need to full fill the
need of the automation. In the future we implement the
project’s idea in the industries.
 By using this project in future we can know traffic density in
the city and so that remedies can be made according to that.
THANKYOU
Any queries

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