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Basic Definitions: 1. Protocol

A protocol defines communication rules between computers. A network stack implements a protocol suite to transmit data packets, which contain a header with source/destination and a payload of transferred data. Routers analyze packet contents to direct traffic within or between networks. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses, allowing users to access websites through browser addresses instead of hard-to-remember numeric addresses. Wireless networks use CSMA/CA for nodes to check if the channel is clear before transmitting packets to avoid collisions that would prevent successful delivery.

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12 views

Basic Definitions: 1. Protocol

A protocol defines communication rules between computers. A network stack implements a protocol suite to transmit data packets, which contain a header with source/destination and a payload of transferred data. Routers analyze packet contents to direct traffic within or between networks. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses, allowing users to access websites through browser addresses instead of hard-to-remember numeric addresses. Wireless networks use CSMA/CA for nodes to check if the channel is clear before transmitting packets to avoid collisions that would prevent successful delivery.

Uploaded by

prachi sahay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Definitions

1. Protocol-A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for communicating data. Rules are
defined for each step and process during communication between two or more computers.
Networks have to follow these rules to successfully transmit data.
2. Network stack-The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer
networking protocol suite or protocol family.
3. Router-A router is a device that analyzes the contents of data packets transmitted within a
network or to another network.
4. Packet-It is the most basic unit that is transfered over a network. Packets have a header
portion that contains information about the packet including the source and destination,
timestamps, network hops, etc. The main portion of a packet contains the actual data being
transfered. It is sometimes called the body or the payload.
5. D.N.S(Domain Name System)- It translates Internet domain and host names to IP
addresses and vice versa.On the Internet, DNS automatically converts between the names we
type in our Web browser address bar to the IP addresses of Web servers hosting those sites.

 Collision in wireless networks:-


1. Collisions take place when more than one device tries to communicate simultaneously.
2. Wireless networks must avoid collisions to ensure packets reach their destination.
3. Wireless endpoints use CSMA/CA((Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) to
determine when the air is free for devices to send packets.
4. In CSMA/CA, as soon as a node receives a packet that is to be sent, it checks to be sure the
channel is clear (no other node is transmitting at the time). If the channel is clear, then the
packet is sent. If the channel is not clear, the node waits for a randomly chosen period of time,
and then checks again to see if the channel is clear.

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