The Script Reader's Checklist: 60 Things That Will

Land Your Screenplay in the Trash

Source: Screenwriter Terry Rossio via No Film School
http://nofilmschool.com/2016/03/script-readers-checklist-60-things-will-land-your-screenplay-trash

Script: _______________________________________________________ Date:_____________________

Checklist A: Concept & Plot OK No! Dunno? Fixed

1 Imagine the trailer. Is the concept marketable?
2 Is the premise naturally intriguing -- or just average,
demanding perfect execution?
3 Who is the target audience? Would your parents go
see it?
4 Does your story deal with the most important events in
the lives of your characters?
5 If you're writing about a fantasy-come-true, turn it
quickly into a nightmare-that-won't-end.
6
Does the screenplay create questions: will he find out
the truth? Did she do it? Will they fall in love? Has a
strong 'need to know' hook been built into the story?

7 Is the concept original?

8 Is there a goal? Is there pacing? Does it build?
9 Begin with a punch, end with a flurry.
10 Is it funny, scary, or thrilling? All three?
11 What does the story have that the audience can't get
from real life?
12 What's at stake? Life and death situations are the most
dramatic. Does the concept create the potential for the
characters lives to be changed?
13 What are the obstacles? Is there a sufficient challenge
for our heroes?
14 What is the screenplay trying to say, and is it worth
trying to say it?
15 Does the story transport the audience?
16 Is the screenplay predictable? There should be
surprises and reversals within the major plot, and also
within individual scenes.
17 Once the parameters of the film's reality are
established, they must not be violated. Limitations call
for interesting solutions.
18 Is there a decisive, inevitable, set-up ending that is
nonetheless unexpected? (This is not easy to do!)
19 Is it believable? Realistic?
20 Is there a strong emotion -- heart -- at the center of the
story? Avoid mean-spirited storylines.

Script Reader's Check List - For Screenwriters

Checklist B: Technical Execution OK No! Dunno? Fixed
21 Is it properly formatted?
22 Proper spelling and punctuation. Sentence fragments
okay.
23 Is there a discernible three-act structure?
24 Are all scenes needed? No scenes off the spine, they
will die on screen.
25 Screenplay descriptions should direct the reader's
mind's eye, not the director's camera.
26
Begin the screenplay as far into the story as possible.

27 Begin a scene as late as possible, end it as early as

possible. A screenplay is like a piece of string that you
can cut up and tie together -- the trick is to tell the
entire story using as little string as possible.
28 In other words: Use cuts.
29 Visual, Aural, Verbal -- in that order. The expression of
someone who has just been shot is best; the sound of
the bullet slamming into him is second best; the person
saying, "I've been shot" is only third best.
30 What is the hook, the inciting incident? You've got ten
pages (or ten minutes) to grab an audience.
31 Allude to the essential points two or even three times.
Or hit the key point very hard. Don't be obtuse.
32 Repetition of locale. It helps to establish the
atmosphere of film, and allows audience to 'get
comfortable.' Saves money during production.
33 Repetition and echoes can be used to tag secondary
characters. Dangerous technique to use with leads.
34 Not all scenes have to run five pages of dialogue
and/or action. In a good screenplay, there are lots of
two-inch scenes. Sequences build pace.
35 Small details add reality. Has the subject matter been
thoroughly researched?
36 Every single line must either advance the plot, get a
laugh, reveal a character trait, or do a combination of
two -- or in the best case, all three -- at once.
37 No false plot points; no backtracking. It's dangerous to
mislead an audience; they will feel cheated if important
actions are taken based on information that has not
been provided, or turns out to be false.
38 Silent solution; tell your story with pictures.
39 No more than 125 pages, no less than 110... or the first
impression will be of a script that 'needs to be cut' or
'needs to be fleshed out.'
40 Don't number the scenes of a selling script. MOREs
and CONTINUEDs are optional.

Script Reader's Check List - For Screenwriters

Checklist C: Characters OK No! Dunno? Fixed
41 Are the parts castable? Does the film have roles that
stars will want to play?
42
Action and humor should emanate from the characters,
and not just thrown in for the sake of a laugh. Comedy
which violates the integrity of the characters or
oversteps the reality-world of the film may get a laugh,
but it will ultimately unravel the picture. Don't break the
fourth wall, no matter how tempting.

43 Audiences want to see characters who care deeply

about something -- especially other characters.
44 Is there one scene where the emotional conflict of the
main character comes to a crisis point?
45 A character's entrance should be indicative of the
character's traits. First impression of a character is
most important.
46 Lead characters must be sympathetic -- people we
care about and want to root for.
47 What are the characters wants and needs? What is the
lead character's dramatic need? Needs should be
strong, definite -- and clearly communicated to the
audience.
48
What does the audience want for the characters? It's
all right to be either for or against a particular character -
- the only unacceptable emotion is indifference.

49 Concerning characters and action: a person is what he

does, not necessarily what he says.
50
On character faults: characters should be 'this but also
that;' complex. Characters with doubts and faults are
more believable, and more interesting. Heroes who
have done wrong and villains with noble motives are
better than characters who are straight black and white.

51 Characters can be understood in terms of, 'what is their

greatest fear?' Gittes, in CHINATOWN was afraid of
being played for the fool. In SPLASH the Tom Hanks
character was afraid he could never fall in love. In
BODY HEAT Racine was afraid he'd never make his
big score.
52 Character traits should be independent of the
character's role. A banker who fiddles with his gold
watch is memorable, but cliche; a banker who breeds
dogs is a somehow more acceptable detail.
53 Character conflicts should be both internal and
external. Characters should struggle with themselves,
and with others.
54
Character 'points of view' need to be distinctive within
an individual screenplay. Characters should not all
think the same. Each character needs to have a
definite point of view in order to act, and not just react.

Script Reader's Check List - For Screenwriters

Checklist C: Characters OK No! Dunno? Fixed
55 Distinguish characters by their speech patterns: word
choice, sentence patterns; revealed background, level
of intelligence.
56 'Character superior' sequences (where the character
acts on information the audience does not have)
usually don't work for very long -- the audience gets
lost. On the other hand, when the audience is in a
'superior' position -- the audience knows something
that the characters do not -- it almost always works.
(NOTE: This does not mean the audience should be
able to predict the plot!)
57 Run each character through as many emotions as
possible -- love, hate, laugh, cry, revenge.
58
Characters must change. What is the character's arc?

59
The reality of the screenplay world is defined by what
the reader knows of it, and the reader gains that
knowledge from the characters. Unrealistic character
actions imply an unrealistic world; fully-designed
characters convey the sense of a realistic world.

60 Is the lead involved with the story throughout? Does he

control the outcome of the story?

Universal Issues
The story begins too late in the script: Your beautiful 10-page opening might've been thrilling to write, but
A it usually equals 10 or more minutes of boredom on screen. You need to get to the point with the moving
parts of your story: characters' wants needs and conflict. After that, you're off and burning.

No meaningful conflict: Do all of your scenes have a conflict? If your answer is no, cut the ones that
don't, or add conflict to them. Believe it or not, a beautiful scene without conflict is usually useless.
B Furthermore, the main conflict in your story — is it really a conflict? "How do I know if it is or not?" Ask
yourself, "Is my audience unsure of whether or not my character will be successful in overcoming their
opposition to get what they want?"

It's formulaic: I know that all of those screenwriting books and classes told you how to put your hero
C through a journey, but archetypes and formulas get tiresome to read. Rules are meant to be broken, so
break a few when you write your script.

Script Reader's Check List - For Screenwriters