MAMTECH SERVICES LIMITED

Specification 11.02

11.02 - FLOW INSTRUMENTS

12/12/15 1

10/09/12 0 ISSUED FOR

APPROVAL

DATE REV. DESCRIPTION PREPARED BY CHECKED BY APPROVED BY

G. ANTAI M. DUGBOR A. ADEBISI
Chevron Nigeria Limited Specification 11.02

November 20, 1991; Revision A

11-20-91 CN-7 536-11.02
 MAMTECH SERVICES LIMITED
Specification 11.02

FLOW INSTRUMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 SCOPE

2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

3.0 REQUIREMENTS

4.0 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

5.0 PRIMARY FLOW ELEMENTS

6.0 TURBINE METERS

7.0 FLOW INSTRUMENTS

8.0 FLOW TRANSMITTERS

9.0 FLOW CONTROLLERS, RECORDERS, AND INDICATORS

10.0 IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING

11.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

12.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

APPENDIX

I Standards and Codes

ATTACHMENTS

1 Differential Pressure Instrument Data Sheet (2 sheets)

2 Turbine Flowmeter Data Sheet
3 Flow Glass Data Sheet
4 Positive Displacement Meter Data Sheet
5 Magnetic Flow Meter Data Sheet
6 Rotameter Data Sheet
7 Orifice Plate and Flanges Data Sheet
8 Flow Switch Data Sheet
9 Trap and Drainer Data Sheet
10 Miscellaneous Instruments Data Sheet

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1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers the minimum technical requirements for the

design purchase and testing of flow instruments suitable for
installation on an offshore platform off the coast of West Africa.

For a specific instrument, this specification shall be used in

conjunction with the Technical Requirements and applicable data
sheets.

2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 The contractor shall consider the most recent standards and codes
issued by the following associations and approved bodies as part of
this specification:

 American Gas Association (AGA)

 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
 American Petroleum Institute (API)
 American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM)
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
 Instrument Society of America (ISA)
 National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)
 National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

2.2 A list of the applicable standards and codes is provided in Appendix I.

3.0 REQUIREMENTS

Flow instruments are devices that measure and control fluid flow. The
instruments consist of a primary flow element, which is installed in the
piping, and the devices and accessories that monitor, measure, and
indicate the operation of the primary flow element. Types of primary
flow elements are orifice meters, variable area rotameters, turbine
meters, positive displacement meters, or related types of equipment.

4.0 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

4.1 All flow measuring elements that form and an integral part of the
process piping shall comply with the requirements of ANSI Chemical
Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Specification B31.3 and ANSI Pipe
Flanges and Flanged Fittings Specification B16.5. Meter runs and
orifice plates shall meet the requirements of A.G.A. 3.

4.2 Flow instrument internal metallic assemblies and related types of

equipment, such as orifice plates, shall be manufactured from 316
stainless steel unless otherwise specified.
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4.3 Internal meter assemblies shall not be fabricated of copper or copper
alloys.

4.4 All flow instruments utilizing electrical power shall operate on 24 VDC
ungrounded, or 120 VAC, 60 Hertz grounded neutral power.

4.5 Units of Measurement

Instruments shall be designed to measure in the following units:

Property Units

Temperature Degrees Fahrenheit (oF)

Pressure Pound force per square inch gauge

(PSIG)

Pressure liquid flow Standard barrels per day (SBPD) at 60oF

[16 degrees centigrade (oC)]

Gas and vapor flow Standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH) at
14.7 PSIG and 60oF (16oC)

Water flow Gallons per minute (GPM) at 60oF (16oC)

4.6 Chart/Scale Types and Ranges

4.6.1 Flow instrument chart and scale types shall be as follows.

Property Scale Types and Ranges

Flow 0 to 10 / square root

Pressure Graduated in PSIG

Temperature Graduated in oF

4.6.2 Instrument scales shall be chosen so that the readings will be in the
middle third of the scale when indicating the normal design condition.

5.0 PRIMARY FLOW ELEMENTS

5.1 Orifice Plates

5.1.1 Orifice plates shall be of the square-edged concentric type. Orifice

plate dimensions shall conform to the Recommended Dimension Table
in the ANSI/API 2530, Orifice Metering of Natural Gas.

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5.1.2 Orifice plates shall be 316 stainless steel unless the fluid and the plate
material are not compatible.

5.1.3 The minimum orifice diameter shall be equivalent to Beta ratio of 0.20
or 0.50, whichever is greater.

5.1.4 The ratio of the orifice diameter to line diameter (d/D) for orifice plates
shall be between 0.20 and 0.70.

5.1.5 Orifice plates shall be selected to give a reading at design flow

between 6 to 8 on a 0 to 10 / square-root chart.

5.1.6 Weep holes shall be provided in gas flow installations where

condensation can occur and in liquid flow installations where gas
entrainment can occur. The hole area shall be deducted from the
calculated orifice bore.

5.1.7 If the error caused by a weep hole is objectionable, eccentric orifice

plates shall be considered for gas service containing entrained liquids
and for liquid service containing vapor.

5.1.8 Paddle-type orifice plates shall be used with raised-face orifice

flanges. The handle of orifice plates within flanges in insulated lines
shall be long enough for the information stamped on the handle to be
clearly visible without removing the insulation.

5.1.9 Flange taps shall be provided in accordance with the latest

A.G.A. - ASME standards. Tap size shall be 1/2-inch National Pipe
Thread (NPT) up to, and including ANSI 600 pound line classification.
Tap size shall be 3/4-inch NPT for ANSI 900 and 1,500 pound line
classifications.

5.1.10 The minimum ANSI rating for an orifice flange shall be class 300.
Facings other than the raised-face type or the use of higher ANSI
ratings shall be in accordance with the applicable Company general
piping specifications.

5.1.11 Ring-type plate holders shall include an integral plate mounting. Ring
facing shall be ANSI standard oval unless otherwise required by the
applicable Company general piping specifications.

5.1.12 Ring-joint orifice plates shall be fitted tightly to the upstream edge of
the holding web to prevent leakage between the plate, gasket, and
ring web.

5.1.13 The normal differential pressure range for orifice plates shall be 0 to
100 inches of water. If the normal range is not practicable, the
standard ranges shall be 0 to 20, 50, or 200 inches of water.
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5.1.14 Normal flow rate of an orifice meter shall be between 70 and

80 percent of meter capacity. The anticipated minimum and
maximum flow rates shall be between 30 and 95 percent of meter
capacity.

5.1.15 Full scale differential pressure, in inches of water, shall not exceed the
process static pressure in pounds per square inch absolute (PSIA).
Differential pressure ranges of 100 inches of water are preferred when
the static pressure exceeds the above limits.

5.1.16 Orifice fittings in applications such as custody transfer service and test
separator service, where wide ranges of operating conditions are
encountered, and where shutdowns for removal would result in lost
production, shall allow the plate to be removed from service with the
line under pressure.

5.2 Meter Runs

5.2.1 Meter run design shall be in accordance with API STD 2530.
Fabrication shall be in accordance with Figure 3 of A.G.A. Report No. 3
for a d/D ratio of 0.70. Company approval is required if the lengths
are less than the lengths specified.

5.2.2 Where space permits, meter runs shall be supplied without

straightening vanes. If straightening vanes are supplied, the vanes
shall be of the Daniel line-mounted type or a Company-approved
equivalent.

5.2.3 The minimum meter run size shall be 2 inches.

5.2.4 Vertical meter runs shall not be provided without prior approval by
Company.

5.2.5 Meter runs shall be provided with all necessary hardware such as
bolts, nuts, gaskets, jackscrews, and hexhead pipe plugs for the orifice
flange taps. All meter run hardware shall be 316 stainless steel. The
gaskets shall be 316 stainless steel spiral wound with asbestos filler.

5.2.6 The required metering range shall not exceed 3 to 1. If a wider flow
range is required, dual meter runs, dual-range instruments, or other
metering devices shall be provided.

5.2.7 Meter runs shall have flange taps on mated raised-face, weld-neck
orifice flanges.

5.2.8 Unless otherwise specified, the downstream end of metering runs

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shall have weld-neck flanges to facilitate inspection of the internal
diameter.

5.2.9 The bolt holes of all flanges shall straddle the vertical centerline of the
assembled, installed meter tube. The metering runs shall be straight
when bolted together.
5.2.10 Orifice flange taps shall be on the vertical flange centerlines for top
meter connections for gas and steam applications and on horizontal
flange centerlines for side orifice meter connections for clean liquids.
Flange taps at 45 degrees below the horizontal shall not be
acceptable.

5.2.11 Two 3/4-inch couplings shall be provided on the downstream section if

other suitable pressure or temperature taps are not available in the
meter run system. The couplings shall be located on the top of the
pipe and on the vertical centerline. The centerline of the first coupling
shall be at least 6 pipe diameters from the face of the orifice plate.

5.2.12 Constant-flow purge units shall be provided if orifice or pressure tap

plugging is expected. The type of purge fluid (i.e., air, gas, steam, or
liquid) shall be approved by Company.

5.2.13 Static pressure measurements normally shall be taken downstream

from the orifice plate.

5.2.14 Integral orifice assemblies may be provided to measure flow rates that
are too small for standard meter tubes.

5.3 Meter Tubes

5.3.1 The upstream and downstream sections of each meter tube shall meet
the requirements of internal diameter tolerances in API STD 2530.

5.3.2 Pipe for meter tubes shall be as cylindrical and free from internal
blisters and scale as can be obtained commercially. The welding of all
flanges to the pipe shall be performed in a manner that will ensure full
penetration. The welded joint shall be finished smooth on the inside.

5.3.3 One 3/4-inch National Pipe Thread, Female (NPTF) thermowell

connection shall be supplied on the downstream side of the meter
tube in accordance with the attached data sheets.

5.3.4 Orifice flanges on meter tubes shall be of the weld-neck type. Orifice
flange and/or orifice fitting bores shall match the mating piping
internal diameter within the tolerances stated in API STD 2530.

5.4 Rotameters

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5.4.1 Rotameters shall be provided for low flow rates if local indication,
recording or control is required. Rotameters shall also be provided if
the rangeability, nonlinearity, viscosity, or hazardous nature of the
fluid makes a differential-pressure type instrument unreliable.
Rotameters shall be provided with line class block valves upstream
and downstream of the meter for maintenance.
5.4.2 All wetted parts of rotameters shall be stainless steel. Teflon or other
liner materials shall be considered for corrosive fluids.

5.4.3 A safety-glass indicating tube shall be provided for pressures below

50 PSIG and temperatures below 100oF (38oC). An armored tube with
magnetic pickup shall be provided for other applications. Armored
meter tubes shall have internal guides.

5.4.4 The manufacturer's standard tube and float shall be supplied to

provide a normal flow rate between 40 and 80 percent of the meter
capacity. The anticipated minimum and maximum flow rate shall be
between 10 and 90 percent of the meter capacity.

5.4.5 Rotameters shall be accurate within ±2% of the full scale, and shall
have direct reading indicating scales (or percentage scales) with
stainless steel factor tags. Indicating scales shall have full length
safety glasses with shields and gaskets on both sides. If percentage
scales are used, the scale factor shall be tagged on the rotameter.

5.4.6 Rotameters shall have beaded, ribbed, or flat tube indicators. Plain
tempered tubes are not acceptable.

5.4.7 Variable area rotameters shall be completely assembled prior to

shipment.

6.0 TURBINE METERS

6.1 The maximum working pressure and temperature for turbine meters
shall be in accordance with ANSI B2.1 or ANSI B16.5.

6.2 All meters shall be equipped with amplifiers. Liquid turbine meters
shall be calibrated in accordance with the API STD 2534, Manual of
Petroleum Measurement Standards, Chapter 5, Section 3.

6.2.1 Minimum accuracy shall be ± 0.5% over normal flow range.

6.2.2 Minimum linearity shall be ± 0.5% over normal flow range.

6.2.3 Rangeability shall be 8 to 1.

6.3 Preamplifiers shall be compatible with the turbine meter pickup both
in connection and signal. Preamplifiers shall operate on 24 VDC or
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120 VAC/60 Hz power and, as a minimum, meet the standards for
operation in National Electrical Code (NEC) Class I, Group D, Division 2
areas.

6.4 The meter body housing shall be a minimum of 304 stainless steel
unless otherwise specified.
6.5 Carbon steel flanges shall be provided unless prohibited by the
Technical Requirements. Turbine meters shall be installed directly in
the line, with minimum straight pipe distances calculated according to
Appendix C of API STD 2534, Manual of Petroleum Measurement
Standards, Chapter 5, Section 3, Turbine Meters. The straight pipe
distances shall not be less than 20 pipe diameters upstream and 5
pipe diameters downstream, if straightening vanes have not been
installed.

6.6 Turbine Meters for Liquids

6.6.1 Rotor bearings shall be tungsten carbide unless otherwise specified.

6.6.2 Rotor hubs, blades, and rims shall be 316 stainless steel as a
minimum.

6.6.3 Two magnetic pickups shall be positioned 90 electrical degrees apart

and as near as practicable to 90 degrees apart on the meter housing.
The enclosure and terminal box shall be rated for use in the specified
area classification.

6.6.4 Meter runs shall include an upstream Y-type strainer for particle
filtration. This Y-type strainer shall be included in calculating the
upstream straight-line distances.

7.0 FLOW INSTRUMENTS

7.1 Pressure retaining components shall be provided with positive seals.

7.2 Instruments exposed to vacuum shall be provided with under-range

protection to full vacuum.

7.3 If instruments in gas service require static pressure compensation

(metering or variable static pressure applications), the static pressure
element shall be connected to the downstream pressure tap.

7.4 If instruments in gas or liquid service require temperature

compensation (metering or variable temperature applications), the
temperature shall be measured on the downstream side of the
primary elements.

7.5 The measuring element shall be capable of withstanding a differential

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pressure equal to the maximum body rating without significantly
affecting calibration.

7.6 Sensing devices that measure differential pressure, such as switches

and transmitters, shall have 316 stainless steel, rupture-proof, liquid-
filled bellows or diaphragms. The devices shall be temperature-
compensated with adjustable dampening, and over-range protection
to the full working pressure of the housing.

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7.7 Differential pressure instruments shall be capable of withstanding
differential pressures equal to full-line pressure without zero as
calibration changes.

7.8 High- and low-flow safety sensors (FSH and FSL) shall be snap-acting
devices installed on the output of differential pressure transmitters.

8.0 TRANSMITTERS

8.1 Pneumatic flow (differential pressure) and static (gauge pressure)

transmitters shall be of the force-balance converter type with
adjustable zero and range, and adjustable output signal dampening.

8.2 Electronic flow and static transmitters shall have adjustable zero and
range; dual compartment housing (or equivalent) to separate
electronics from wiring connections in an integral (or attached)
junction box; and adjustable output signal dampening.

8.3 The instrument body, bolts and nuts, and internal trim (process
wetted parts) shall be 316 stainless steel unless otherwise specified.
Materials meeting the guidelines in NACE MR-01-75, Sulfide Stress
Cracking Resistant Metallic Material for Oil Field Equipment, shall be
available.

8.4 The instrument housing shall be NEMA 4 and meet NEC explosionproof
Class I, Division 2, Group D classification requirements as a minimum.
Intrinsic safety options shall be available.

8.5 Transmitter dynamic and static performance, including accuracy,

linearity, hysteresis, repeatability, stability, rangeability and
temperature effects shall meet the following requirements:

Pneumatic Electronic

Accuracy (% of span) 0.5% 0.25%

Stability (% of upper range limit) 0.25% 0.25%
Repeatability (% of span) 0.10% 0.10%
Rangeability 10 to 1 5 to 1
Temperature (zero/total - of span/100F) ±0.5/±1.0
±0.5/±1.0

8.6 Transmitter output shall be 3 to 15 PSIG for pneumatic instruments

and 4 to 20 MA for electronic instruments.

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8.7 Flow transmitters shall be provided with an integral output meter or

gauge, 0 to 10 square-root scale. Static transmitters shall be provided
with an integral output meter or gauge, 0 to 100 percent scale. The
output meter or gauge shall have an accuracy of plus or minus 2
percent of range. Special meter or gauge scales shall be available.
Remote-mounted output meters or gauges shall also be available.

8.8 Process connections shall be 3/4-inch NPT.

8.9 The measuring elements shall be properly flexed, heat-treated, and

stress-relieved for minimum hysteresis.

9.0 CONTROLLERS, RECORDERS, AND INDICATORS

9.1 General

9.1.1 Local flow recorders and indicators shall be of the filled-bellows type.
The body of the instrument shall be carbon steel and weatherproof,
with stainless steel bellows. The minimum working pressure shall be
1000 PSIG.

9.1.2 Charts and scales for locally-mounted, differential pressure measuring

instruments (recorders, indicators, and controllers) shall be 0-to-10
square-root charts. A multiplying factor that will correlate the chart
reading and the rate of flow shall be provided and affixed to the
instrument.

9.1.3 Charts and scales for linear/scale flowmeters, such as rotameters,

shall be calibrated to read 0 to 100 percent of flow. The manufacturer
shall affix the corresponding multiplier to the meter and furnish a
certified calibration curve.

9.1.4 Local recorders shall have a spring-wound, electric or pneumatic drive.

The recorders shall have 12-inch circular charts.

9.2 Controllers

9.2.1 Remote flow controllers shall be equipped with an adjustable

proportional band, an adjustable reset, two-position transfer switches,
and dampeners for pneumatic input signals.

9.2.2 Indicating controllers shall be provided for applications in which

transmission to remote receivers is not required. The pressure-
sensitive element and controller shall be mounted in a housing
suitable for valve or remote mounting. A convenient control point
setting shall be provided. Output for the final control element shall be
3 to 15 PSI. The controller shall have an internal two-position,
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bumpless auto/manual switch.

9.2.3 Indicating controllers located on instrument panels and consoles shall

include an indicator for process pressure and an indicator for setpoint.

9.2.4 An ON/OFF control shall be provided only for alarms, protective device
actuation, and automatic start-up or shutdown of individual items of
equipment.
9.2.5 Proportional plus reset action shall be provided as standard, except
that the reset function shall be capable of being nullified by being
switched out of the control circuit.

9.2.6 All controllers shall be equipped with reset limiting.

9.2.7 Controllers shall be pneumatic or electronic and shall include an

adjustable proportional band of approximately 4 to 400 percent, a
reset adjustable from approximately 0.01 to 50 minutes per repeat,
and an automatic/manual bypass assembly.

9.2.8 All electronic controllers shall include a local/remote setpoint selector.

Pneumatic controllers shall include remote setpoint capabilities, only if
specified or required.

9.2.9 Cascade control may be used if the response time in the primary
control loop is relatively long and the response time in controlling a
secondary disturbance is shorter.

9.2.10 Cascade control of flow-on-flow shall be avoided.

9.2.11 Ratio control shall be provided for measuring two variables and
maintaining the secondary (controlled) variable at the predetermined
ratio with the primary (wild) variable. Both signals shall have the
same characteristics, i.e., linear and exponential. The ratio between
the two variables shall be adjustable.

10.0 IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING

10.1 All instrument equipment shall be labeled with stainless steel

nameplates. The following information shall be on the nameplates.

 Instrument tag number

 Name of platform
 Manufacturer
 Equipment identification number
 Model number, serial number, operating range, and type of
material of parts exposed to process fluid

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 Pressure and temperature rating of pressurized parts
 Voltage and frequency requirements as necessary

11.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

Documentation shall be provided in accordance with the Technical

Requirements, with following additional requirements.

11.1 Flow element data sheets shall be furnished and shall include the
following information.

 Order, requisition, and order item number

 Equipment identification number
 Operating conditions specified by order
 Range of manometer and of static pressure element
 Nominal ID of pipe specified
 Flow element diameter to pipe diameter ratio (d/D)
 Meter coefficient (multiplier for chart reading to get flow rate in
desired units)

11.2 Rotameter data sheets shall be furnished and include the following:

 Purchaser's order and requisition numbers

 Equipment identification number; instrument number; platform
name
 Operating conditions
 Meter factor
 Calibration test data when available, if specified
 Water capacity for liquids and air capacity for gas

11.3 Orifice bore calculation sheets shall be provided for each orifice plate.

11.4 Calibration reports on each of the meter runs shall be furnished in

triplicate by the manufacturer.

11.5 Company Documentation

Company will respond to Contractor documentation approval requests

within 2 weeks of receipt of information. Company approval in no way
relieves Contractor of any responsibility for compliance with the
Technical Requirements.

12.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

Quality assurance provisions shall be in accordance with the Technical

Requirements and with following additional requirements.

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12.1 The level of acceptance testing and inspection of the flow instruments
is directly related to the size and complexity of a specific flow
instrument.

12.2 Rotameters shall be hydrostatically tested at 1.5 times the pressure

rating at 100 degree F (38 degree C).

12.3 Contractor Shall Note the Following:

Contractor shall use ISA applicable forms. Any deviation requirements

of ISA forms shall be submitted in writing with sample forms for
Company approval.

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APPENDIX I

STANDARDS AND CODES

American Gas Association (AGA) 3

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

B2.1 Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal) Specifications,

Dimensions, and Gauging for Taper and Straight Pipe
Threads Including Certain Special Applications

B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

American Petroleum Institute (API)

STD 1101 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards,

Chapter 5, Section 2, Measurement of Petroleum
Liquid Hydrocarbons by Positive Displacement Meter

2530 Orifice Metering of Natural Gas (A.G.A. Report No. 3)

STD 2531 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards,

Chapter 4, Section 2, Mechanical Displacement Meter
Provers

STD 2534 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards,

Chapter 5, Section 3, Turbine Meters

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

Publication Fluid Meters - Their Theory and Application

Instrument Society of America (ISA)

RP3.2 Recommended Practice for Flange Mounted Sharp

Edged Orifice Plates for Flow Measurement

RP31.1 Recommended Practice for Specification, Installation,

and Calibration of Turbine Flowmeters

National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)

MR-01-75 Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Material for

Oil Field Equipment
APPENDIX I - Continued
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STANDARDS AND CODES

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

70 National Electrical Code

Publication

Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook by R.W. Miller

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