PHYSICS -
Tc. Noorhalina Ghazali - MSMJB A little knowledge removes a lot of ignorance – Imam Ali (AS)
FORMULA : FORCES & MOTION Graph of Motion
Total distance (m)
Average Speed =
Totaltime( s)
Velocity,
s v = velocity (ms-1)
v= s = displacement (m)
t
t = time (s)
Acceleration
a = acceleration (ms-2)
v−u u = initial velocity (ms-1) Momentum
a=
t v = final velocity (ms-1) p = momentum (kg ms-1)
t = time (s) p=m × v m = mass (kg)
v = velocity (ms-1)
Equation of Linear Motion
Principle of Conservation of Momentum
Motion with constant
Motion with constant velocity m1 u1 +m2 u 2=m1 v 1+ m2 v 2
acceleration
v =u+at
m1 = mass of object 1 (kg)
1m2 = mass of object 2 (kg)
s= u ( u+=vinitial
)t velocity of object 1 (ms-1)
s 21
v= u2 1= initial (ms-1)
t 2 velocity of object 2
s=utv + a t
1 2= final velocity of object 1 (ms-1)
2 v 2 = final velocity of object 2 (ms-1)
v =u2 + 2as
u = initial
(ms-1)
velocity
v = final velocity (ms-1)
a = acceleration (ms-2)
s = displacement (m)
t = time (s)
PHYSICS -
Tc. Noorhalina Ghazali - MSMJB A little knowledge removes a lot of ignorance – Imam Ali (AS)
Newton’s Law g = gravitational field strength
First Law : In the absence of external force, an object at rest / gravitational acceleration (ms-2)
remains at rest and an object in motion continues Work Done
in motion with constant velocity (Inertia)
Second Law
F = net force (kg. ms-2)
F=m× a @N
m = mass (kg) W = work done (J 0r Nm)
a = acceleration (ms-2) F = Force (N or kg. ms-2)
W =F × s cos θ s = displacement (m)
Third Law : For every force, there’s a reaction force with the Ө = angle between the force and the
same magnitude in the opposite direction direction of motion
When the force and motion are in the same direction:
Impulse
F = force (N) W = work done (J 0r Nm)
Impulse=F × t
t = time (s) W =F s F = Force (N or kg. ms-2)
s = displacement (m)
m = mass (kg)
Impulse=mv−m u u = initial velocity (ms-1) Energy
v = final velocity (ms-1) Kinetic Energy :
Ek = Kinetic Energy (J)
1
Impulsive force Ek = m× v 2 m = mass (kg)
F = force (N) 2
v = velocity (ms-1)
mv−mu m = mass (kg)
F= u = initial velocity (ms-1) Gravitational Potential Energy:
t
v = final velocity (ms-1)
t = time (s) E p = Potential Energy (J)
E p=m× g × h m = mass (kg)
Weight g = gravitational acceleration (ms-2)
W =m× g W = weight (N) h = height (m)
m = mass (kg)
PHYSICS -
Tc. Noorhalina Ghazali - MSMJB A little knowledge removes a lot of ignorance – Imam Ali (AS)
Q = Charge
n = number of charged
Q=ne
particles
e = charge of 1 particle
Elastic Potential Energy:
E p = Potential Energy (J) Current
1 2
E p= k x k = spring constant (N m-1) Q = Charge (C)
2 Q
x = extension of spring (m) I= I = Current (A)
t
t = time (s)
E p=Fx
F = force (N)
Potential difference
Power and Efficiency V = Potential
W (V OR JC-1)
V= difference
P = power (W or Js-1) Q W = Energy (J)
W
P= Q = Charge (C)
t W = work done (J or Nm)
E E = energy change (J 0r Nm) Ohm’s Law
P= V = Potential (V OR
t t = time (s)
difference JC-1)
V =IR
I = Current (A)
Hooke’s Law
R = Resistance (Ω)
F = force (N or kg.ms-2) In circuit
F=kx k = spring constant (N m-1)
x = extension of spring (m) Series Circuit Parallel Circuit
1 1 1 1
R=R 1+ R 2 = + +
R R1 R 2 R 3
I 1 =I 2=I 3 I =I 1 + I 2
FORMULA : ELECTRICITY
V =V 1 +V 2 V =V 1=V 2
Sum of Charge
PHYSICS -
Tc. Noorhalina Ghazali - MSMJB A little knowledge removes a lot of ignorance – Imam Ali (AS)
PHYSICS -
Tc. Noorhalina Ghazali - MSMJB A little knowledge removes a lot of ignorance – Imam Ali (AS)
Potential Difference & Electromotive force (EMF) Efficiency
output power
Electrical Efficiency= ×100
input power
E=I (R+ r) E=V + Ir
E = Electromotive (V)
force
r = internal resistance (Ω)
V = Potential (V or JC-1)
difference
I = Current (A or Cs-1)
R = Resistance (Ω)
Electrical Energy
E = electrical energy (J)
E=QV Q = Charge (C)
V = potential difference (V or JC-1)
Electrical Power
2
W V
P= P=IV P=I R
2
P=
t R
P = Power (W or Js-1)
W = Work done / Energy change (J)
t = time (s)
I = Current (A)
V = Potential difference (V)
R = Resistance (Ω)
