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Example 1: Malloc and Free

The document discusses several C programs that demonstrate the use of dynamic memory allocation functions like malloc(), calloc(), and free() to allocate and free memory at runtime. The examples calculate sums of input numbers, find the largest of a set of input numbers, store student details using a structure, and dynamically allocate memory to store a user-input string and multiple student records.

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77 views

Example 1: Malloc and Free

The document discusses several C programs that demonstrate the use of dynamic memory allocation functions like malloc(), calloc(), and free() to allocate and free memory at runtime. The examples calculate sums of input numbers, find the largest of a set of input numbers, store student details using a structure, and dynamically allocate memory to store a user-input string and multiple student records.

Uploaded by

sabeeha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example 1: malloc() and free()

This program calculates the sum of n numbers entered by the user. To perform this task,
memory is dynamically allocated using malloc(), and memory is freed using free()
function.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int n, i, *ptr, sum = 0;

printf("Enter number of elements: ");


scanf("%d", &n);

ptr = (int*) malloc(n * sizeof(int));


if(ptr == NULL)
{
printf("Error! memory not allocated.");
exit(0);
}

printf("Enter elements: ");


for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
scanf("%d", ptr + i);
sum += *(ptr + i);
}

printf("Sum = %d", sum);


free(ptr);
return 0;
}

Example: Find Largest Element Using Dynamic Memory


Allocation - calloc()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int i, num;
float *data;

printf("Enter total number of elements(1 to 100): ");


scanf("%d", &num);

// Allocates the memory for 'num' elements.


data = (float*) calloc(num, sizeof(float));

if(data == NULL)
{
printf("Error!!! memory not allocated.");
exit(0);
}

printf("\n");

// Stores the number entered by the user.


for(i = 0; i < num; ++i)
{
printf("Enter Number %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%f", data + i);
}

// Loop to store largest number at address data


for(i = 1; i < num; ++i)
{
// Change < to > if you want to find the smallest number
if(*data < *(data + i))
*data = *(data + i);
}

/*C program to read and print the student details


using structure and Dynamic Memory Allocation.*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/*structure declaration*/
struct student
{
char name[30];
int roll;
float perc;
};

int main()
{
struct student *pstd;

/*Allocate memory dynamically*/


pstd=(struct student*)malloc(1*sizeof(struct
student));

if(pstd==NULL)
{
printf("Insufficient Memory, Exiting... \n");
return 0;
}

/*read and print details*/


printf("Enter name: ");
gets(pstd->name);
printf("Enter roll number: ");
scanf("%d",&pstd->roll);
printf("Enter percentage: ");
scanf("%f",&pstd->perc);

printf("\nEntered details are:\n");


printf("Name: %s, Roll Number: %d, Percentage:
%.2f\n",pstd->name,pstd->roll,pstd->perc);

return 0;
}
#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

int main()

int n;

char *text;

printf("Enter limit of the text: ");

scanf("%d",&n);

/*allocate memory dynamically*/

text=(char*)calloc(n,sizeof(char));

printf("Enter text: ");

//scanf(" "); /*clear input buffer*/

gets(text);

printf("Inputted text is: %s\n",text);

/*Free Memory*/

free(text);
return 0;

/*C program to read and print the N student


details using structure and Dynamic Memory Allocation.*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/*structure declaration*/
struct student
{
char name[30];
int roll;
float perc;
};

int main()
{
struct student *pstd;
int n,i;

printf("Enter total number of elements: ");


scanf("%d",&n);

/*Allocate memory dynamically for n objetcs*/


pstd=(struct student*)malloc(n*sizeof(struct
student));

if(pstd==NULL)
{
printf("Insufficient Memory, Exiting... \n");
return 0;
}

/*read and print details*/


for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("\nEnter detail of student [%3d]:\n",i+1);
printf("Enter name: ");
scanf(" "); /*clear input buffer*/
gets((pstd+i)->name);
printf("Enter roll number: ");
scanf("%d",&(pstd+i)->roll);
printf("Enter percentage: ");
scanf("%f",&(pstd+i)->perc);
}

printf("\nEntered details are:\n");


for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("%30s \t %5d \t %.2f\n",(pstd+i)-
>name,(pstd+i)->roll,(pstd+i)->perc);
}

return 0;
}

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