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Example 1: 2 and A Throat Area of 20 CM

This document provides an example problem solving the properties of air flow through a converging-diverging nozzle. It calculates: (1) the throat properties of density, pressure, temperature and velocity; (2) the exit properties; (3) the exit area of 3.375 cm^2; (4) the mass flow rate of 2.856 kg/s; and (5) the maximum velocity in the nozzle of 1268.1 m/s. The calculations are based on the given conditions of air entering the nozzle at 1.0 MPa and 800 K with equations for isentropic flow through a nozzle.

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Muhammad Hakim
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171 views

Example 1: 2 and A Throat Area of 20 CM

This document provides an example problem solving the properties of air flow through a converging-diverging nozzle. It calculates: (1) the throat properties of density, pressure, temperature and velocity; (2) the exit properties; (3) the exit area of 3.375 cm^2; (4) the mass flow rate of 2.856 kg/s; and (5) the maximum velocity in the nozzle of 1268.1 m/s. The calculations are based on the given conditions of air entering the nozzle at 1.0 MPa and 800 K with equations for isentropic flow through a nozzle.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Hakim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 3: COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW

BMM2543 FLUID MECHANICS 2


DR. MUHAMAD ZUHAIRI BIN SULAIMAN

Example 1

Air enters a converging-diverging nozzle, shown in Figure 2, at 1.0 MPa and 800 K with
zero velocity. The flow is steady, one-dimensional, and isentropic with k = 1.4. For an exit
Mach number of Mae = 2 and a throat area of 20 cm2, determine the;

a) throat properties (density, pressure, temperature and velocity),


b) exit properties (density, pressure, temperature and velocity),
c) exit area, and
d) the mass flow rate through the nozzle.
e) maximum velocity in the nozzle

Throat

Figure 2 : Converging-diverging Nozzle

a) Throat properties

Given

T0  800 K , P0  1.0 MPa

T0 1  k
Given equation; 
T* 2
2T0 2  800 
T*    666.67 K
1  k 1  1.4

P 1  k kk1
o
Given equation, ( )
P* 2

@MZS_Dec2018.1.1819-CF_Volume1
CHAPTER 3: COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW
BMM2543 FLUID MECHANICS 2
DR. MUHAMAD ZUHAIRI BIN SULAIMAN

P 1.0 MPa
o
P*    0.528 MPa
1  k kk1 1.4
1  1.4 1.4
( ) ( ) 1
2 2

P* 528kPa
ρ*    2.759 kg / m3
RT * 0.287 * 666.67

Given equation for critical conditions, V *  a*  [kRT *]1/2

V *  a*  [1.4* 287 *666.7]1/2  517.56 m / s

or
1 1/ 2
2k  2 *1.4 * 287 *800 
V*  [ RT ] 2     517.55 m / s
k 1 o  1.4  1 

b) Exit properties

To k 1 2
Given equation,  1 M
T 2

To k 1 2
 1 M e =>
Te 2

To 800
Te    444.44 K
k  1 2  1.4  1 2 
1 Me 1  (2) 
2  2 

k /  k 1
Po  k 1 
Given equation,  1  Ma 2 
P  2 

Po 1.0 MPa
Pe  k /  k 1
 1.4/ 1.4 1
 0.1278 MPa
 k 1   1.4  1 2 
1  Mae 2  1  (2) 
 2   2 

@MZS_Dec2018.1.1819-CF_Volume1
CHAPTER 3: COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW
BMM2543 FLUID MECHANICS 2
DR. MUHAMAD ZUHAIRI BIN SULAIMAN

Pe 127.8 KPa
ρe    1.00193 kg / m 3
RTe 0.287 * 444.4 K

  1000 m 2 / s 
Ve  M e ae  M e *   
kRTe  2 * 1.4(0.287 kJ / Kg * 444.44 K 
  1kJ/kg
2
   845.16 m / s

  

c) Exit area

0.5( k 1)/(k 1)


Ae 1  2   k 1 
    1  M e2 
A * M e  k  1   2 
0.5(1.4 1)/(1.4 1)
1  2   1.4  1 2  
Ae  0.002 *   1  (2)    0.003375 m 2 or 3.375 cm 2
2  1.4  1   2 

d) Mass flow rate

m  ρ *V * A *
m  2.759 kg / m3 *517.56 m / s * 0.002 m 2  2.856 kg / s

e) Maximum velocity in the nozzle

V max
V0 2 V2
h0   h1  1
2 2
Vmax when h1 or C pT1 drop to absolute zero enthalpy.
V12
h0  h1 
2
Vmax  2h0  2C pT0  2(1.005)(10 3 )(800)  1268.1 m/ s

@MZS_Dec2018.1.1819-CF_Volume1

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