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Appendix 16.a Example - Grass Channel

This document provides calculations to design a grassed channel for a 150 hectare residential development. It determines the design flows of 31.25 cubic meters per second for a 100-year storm and 8.882 cubic meters per second for a low flow condition. It selects a trapezoidal channel cross section with a width of 2.5 meters, depth of 0.95 meters, and side slopes of 3 to carry the low flow. Finally, it calculates the dimensions of the grassed channel required to convey the 100-year design flow of 31.246 cubic meters per second with a depth of 1.7 meters, top width of 23.2 meters, and Manning's roughness coefficient of 0.035.

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287 views4 pages

Appendix 16.a Example - Grass Channel

This document provides calculations to design a grassed channel for a 150 hectare residential development. It determines the design flows of 31.25 cubic meters per second for a 100-year storm and 8.882 cubic meters per second for a low flow condition. It selects a trapezoidal channel cross section with a width of 2.5 meters, depth of 0.95 meters, and side slopes of 3 to carry the low flow. Finally, it calculates the dimensions of the grassed channel required to convey the 100-year design flow of 31.246 cubic meters per second with a depth of 1.7 meters, top width of 23.2 meters, and Manning's roughness coefficient of 0.035.

Uploaded by

khoohuikiang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Project : GRASSED CHANNEL Job Ref.

: MSMA
Section : MASMA (APPENDIX 16.A EXAMPLE) Sheet no./rev.
Cal. By Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
WAN 17/3/2015 IR AZMAN IR AZMAN

Parameter / Calculation Result Reference

1 PROBLEM

Determine the size of a grassed channel at the downstream end of a proposed 150 hectare
residential area (link and terrace house) in Ipoh, Perak based on the following assumptions:
• the engineered channel is to be designed to carry the 100-year ARI flow;
• the post-development time of concentration tc is estimated to be 100 minutes; and
• the engineered channel will be well maintained with an estimated design Manning’s roughness
coefficient of 0.035.

2 Determine design flows for the engineered channel:

EQN. 2.2
pg 2-3

Where,
i = Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)
T = Average Recurrence Interval (year) 100 yr-ARI TABLE 1.1
d = Storm Duration (hr) 100 min pg 1-2
λ, K, θ, η = fitting constants dependent on the raingauge location

Location & ARI, T storm derived parameters


Station ID (years) duration , d λ κ ϴ η
Politeknik APPENDIX
Ungku 100 100 70.238 0.164 0.288 0.872 2.B
Omar TABLE 2.B2
440901 pg 2-27

0.164
I= 70.238 x 100 = 83.321 83.32 mm/hr
0.872
1.6667 + 0.288

Q= CiA / 360

Q = peak flow (m3/s)


C = dimensionless runoff coefficient 0.9 TABLE 2.5
I = average rainfall intensity over time of concentration, tc 83.32 mm/h pg. 2-7
(mm/hr); and
A = drainage area (ha) 150 ha

Q100 = 0.9 x 83.321 x 150 = 31.246 31.25 m3/s


360

Page 1 of 4
Project : GRASSED CHANNEL Job Ref. : MSMA
Section : MASMA (APPENDIX 16.A EXAMPLE) Sheet no./rev.
Cal. By Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
WAN 17/3/2015 IR AZMAN IR AZMAN

Parameter / Calculation Result Reference

Location & ARI, T storm derived parameters APPENDIX


Station ID (years) duration , d λ κ ϴ η 2.B
Politeknik TABLE 2.B2
Ungku 0.25 100 62.932 0.3439 0.1703 0.8229 pg 2.31
Omar
440901

0.3439
I= 62.932 x 0.25 = 23.686 23.69 mm/hr
0.8229
1.6667 + 0.17

Q= CiA / 360 pg 2-5

Q = peak flow (m3/s)


C = dimensionless runoff coefficient 0.9
I = average rainfall intensity over time of concentration, tc 23.69 mm/h
(mm/hr); and
A = drainage area (ha) 150 ha

QLOW FLOW = 0.9 x 23.69 x 150 = 8.8822 8.882 m3/s


360

3 Select grassed channel cross section:

The low flow invert cross section Trapeziodal


Manning's roughness coefficient, n 0.035 TABLE 16.4
pg 16-6
Calculate size of low flow invert:

Assuming:
Channel longitudinal slope 0.80 % (I in 125)
Width, B 2.50 m
Side slope, Z 3

Depth Bottom side top area wet hydraulic velocity discharge


width slope width perimeter radius
Y BW Z TW A P R v Q
m m m m m2 m m m/s m3/s
0.8 2.5 3 7.3 3.92 7.560 0.519 1.649 6.466
0.85 2.5 3 7.6 4.29 7.876 0.545 1.705 7.319
0.9 2.5 3 7.9 4.68 8.192 0.571 1.759 8.234
0.95 2.5 3 8.2 5.08 8.508 0.597 1.813 9.212 > Qlow flow
1 2.5 3 8.5 5.50 8.825 0.623 1.865 10.255 8.882 m3/s

Page 2 of 4
Project : GRASSED CHANNEL Job Ref. : MSMA
Section : MASMA (APPENDIX 16.A EXAMPLE) Sheet no./rev.
Cal. By Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
WAN 17/3/2015 IR AZMAN IR AZMAN

Parameter / Calculation Result Reference

Q= vxA

Where ,

Provided dimension of low flow invert:


Bottom width, BW 2.5 m
Depth, y 0.95 m
Top width, TW 8.2 m
Velocity, v 1.813 m/s
Discharge, Q 9.212 m3/s

Check flow velocity for lined drain. (0.6 < v < 2 m/s) OK

4 Calculate size of grassed channel section:

Manning's roughness coefficient, n 0.035 TABLE 16.4


pg. 16-6
yt yt -yd TW1 BW2 Side yd TW2 A P R v Q
(m) (m) (m) (m) slope, (m) (m) (m2) (m) (m) (m/s) (m3/s)
Z
1.4 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.45 19.6 12.688 19.983 0.6349 1.888 23.95
1.5 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.55 20.8 14.708 21.199 0.6938 2.003 29.46
1.6 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.65 22 16.848 22.416 0.7516 2.112 35.59 > Q100
1.7 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.75 23.2 19.108 23.632 0.8085 2.218 42.38 31.246 OK
1.8 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.85 24.4 21.488 24.849 0.8647 2.320 49.84 m3/s
1.9 0.95 8.2 14.2 6 0.95 25.6 23.988 26.066 0.9203 2.418 58.00

Page 3 of 4
Project : GRASSED CHANNEL Job Ref. : MSMA
Section : MASMA (APPENDIX 16.A EXAMPLE) Sheet no./rev.
Cal. By Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
WAN 17/3/2015 IR AZMAN IR AZMAN

Parameter / Calculation Result Reference

5 Allowing a minimum freeboard 300 mm Section


16.3.2
Provided dimension of grassed channel: pg 16-3
Top width, TW2 25.6 m
Depth, yt 1.9 m
Discharge, Q 58.00 m3/s

Section
6 Check Froude Number for grassed channel: 16.7.2
pg 16-11

35.59 2
√
= 22 0.771 < 0.8
9.81 16.848 3 Subcritical flow

Page 4 of 4

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