LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 0
Lesson Plans: Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension
Name: Leyany Bauta
South University
NSG4028 S01
Faculty Blanchard
June 17, 2014
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 1
Lesson Plans: Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension
The audience of the following lesson plans is the working parents. Working parents are
very instrumental because they are in need of family education, and they require knowledge on
healthy working behaviors. Three diseases will be the key focus to the three different lesson
plans. These diseases include obesity, diabetes and hypertension.
Lesson 1:
Obesity is a common heath issue affecting members of certain families in recent years.
This has been caused by life style and hence it is important for family members to have the
knowledge about the disease.
Teaching objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be familiar with:
1. The causes of obesity,
2. Health risks that of obesity,
3. How healthy food choices and physical activity to prevent obesity.
Key Concept Covered in the Lesson
- Causes of Obesity
- Health Risks of Obesity
- Benefits of Consuming Healthy Food and Physical Activity
Introduction to the Lesson (5 minutes):
- Good morning ladies and gentlemen!
May I know how many people here do enjoy eating?
Okay, you are not alone; many people love to eat food, but unfortunately, a little too much.
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 2
In this session we will discuss the causes of obesity, health risks and how to prevent obesity.
Content, Learning & Instructional Strategies
What is Obesity? (5 minutes)
- Obesity can be defined as excessive accumulation of fat in adipose tissue leading to health
impairment .It is measured using Body Mass Index (BMI) .
Body Mass Index- is commonly used and is based on weight-to-height-ratio
Causes of Obesity (10 minutes)
Genetics
› the way a body expends energy, through metabolism
› hormones and their influence on how calories are processed in the process
referred as hyperthyroidism
Daily Eating Habits
› Food Choices – some people would prefer food with high amount of fat, calories,
simple sugars
› Eating disorders
Sedentary Lifestyle
› This leads to an imbalance between calories consumed and calories burned
Risks of Obesity (10 minutes)
The following are some common diseases likely to be associated with obesity
Diabetes
Heart Disease
Stroke
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 3
Hypertension
Cancer
Sleep Apnea
Osteoarthritis
Gallbladder disease
Consequences of Childhood Overweight/Obesity (10 minutes)
As parents, it is important to identify some negative implication of obesity to the children
Psychological Outcomes
› Depressive symptoms
› Poor Body Image
› Low Self-Concept
Health Consequences
› Insulin Resistance
› Type II Diabetes
› High LDL Cholesterol
Steps towards Preventing Obesity (10 minutes)
The following are just simple and practical ways of preventing obesity
Stay active
Eat healthy
Watch your weight
Get a physical checkup at least once a year
Get enough sleep
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 4
Keep junk food out of your house
Drink water
Eat only when you are hungry
Learning Activities
Presentations on various choices on typical fast-food menus and everyday food choices
Learners will discuss issues on healthier food choice in groups
The learners will be assessed on ability to analyze and make choices on the healthier eating and
behavior information on the lesson
Lesson 2: Type I and Type 2 Diabetes
The theme of the lesson: Too Much Sugar is Not a Good Thing
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners will have:
1. To understand Type I and Type 2 Diabetes
2. the differences between the two types,
3. And how to recognize and deal with diabetic emergencies.
The Lesson
Introduction
Good morning ladies and gentlemen!
Briefly review lesson plan outline. (5 minutes)
The learners will form groups of four and discuss their experiences on having a family
members/friends having Diabetes. (5 minutes)
Key point1 (5 minutes).
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 5
Diabetes is a very common disease
Majority of people’s lives have been affected by the disease.
Most of the experiences are with adults;
Unfortunately it is now becoming a childhood disease
Key point 2.
Difference between Type I and Type 2 Diabetes (10 minutes)
Type I Diabetes is an autoimmune disorder brought about by the destruction of pancreas
Type II Diabetes is associated with factors such as the family history, body overweight, and lack
of regular exercise.
Type II Diabetes used to exclusively affect adults, but is now affecting teenagers
How to deal with cases of diabetes
1. It is important to seek medical advice to assist in medication
2. Regular exercises
3. Avoid body overweight
4. Eat healthy food
5. Avoid alcohol
Learning Activities:
Presentations various points
Class discussion
Narration on learner’s experiences
Question and answers
Lesson Plan 3: Hypertension
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 6
Hypertension is considered as one of key killer diseases. It is characterized with high blood
pressure. Working parents are therefore expected to benefit from the lesson because they are
prone to the disease.
Lesson Plan Objective and Outline
The objectives
At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:
1. At the end Explain hypertension in terms of its definition,
2. prevalence,
3. risk factors,
4. And prevention.
Outline
2. Definition & Impact of Hypertension (10 minutes)
a. Definition
i. This disease can be considers are a The Silent Killer.
ii. It is characterized with high/ elevated blood pressure over time.
iii. The blood pressure of 140/90mm Hg or higher.
iv. It is not a curable disease, but can be prevented and controlled
b. Impact
i. It is among the key killers in many nations.
ii. It is likely to cause heart attack and stroke.
iii. Content, Learning & Instructional Strategies
Effects of HBP (5 Minutes)
1. The effects of High Blood Pressure on human body.
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 7
i. Arteries - arteries throughout the body can harden, leading into heart
and kidneys disorders.
ii. Kidneys - high blood pressure can affect kidney blood vessels, leading
into its failure.
iii. HBP blocks blood flow, and hence causes heart attack and congestive
heart failure.
iv. Brain - HBP can break blood vessel, leading into stroke.
2. Diagnosing and Symptoms (5 Minutes)
i. Consistent blood pressure of 140/90mm Hg or higher. NB: Having
one or two high readings does not mean one has hypertension.
ii. In most cases it does not have signs or symptoms.
3. Risk Factors of Hypertension (5 Minutes)
i. Family history
ii. Overweight
iii. Excessive sodium intake
iv. Inconsistence physical exercise
v. Alcohol consumption
4. Lowering the risk – Ways to prevent Hypertension (10 minutes)
Healthy eating pattern, fruits and vegetables daily and low-fat food choices
a. Reduce sodium (salt) intake
i. Use herbs and spices to season.
ii. Buy low-sodium or reduced-sodium versions of foods.
iii. Reduce amount of salt at the table and during cooking.
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 8
b. Maintain a healthy weight
c. Participate in aerobic exercise
d. Limit alcohol consumption
e. Quit smoking
Learning Activities:
Presentations various points
Class discussion
Narration on learner’s experiences
Question and answers
Before the selection of a lesson to teach a certain audience, it is important to understand
the needs of the audience to avoid miss-presentation of ideas. In addition, the teaching approach
applied should be effective to ensure that the key points are well presented and the audience do
not only understand but will remember when it comes to real life application. The purpose of
teaching the working parents about Obesity, Type I and Type 2 Diabetes, and Hypertension, and
the selections of the teaching approaches are highly focused in this section.
Purpose and Rationale for Selecting the Lesson
The purpose and rationale should be clearly started to ensure that the learning process
and outcomes are desirable to both the teacher and learners. The selections of the lesson have
been enticed by various reasons. First, the three diseases are common and have lead many
families into trouble. Obesity, Type I and Type 2 Diabetes, and Hypertension are common heath
issues affecting members of certain families in recent years. The diseases are associated with by
life style and hence it is important for family members to have the knowledge about the diseases.
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 9
The purpose of selecting the lessons was to assist family members particularly working
parents to know how to take care of themselves and their loved once when they suffer from the
disease. It is clear that each of the disease requires proper control for the patient to have a long
life. They are in most cases expense to handle while many do not know the importance of
observing each and every requirement to keep the diseases in control. This is the reason why
there is the need to teach as many parents as possible about the basics of the diseases.
In most cases, the patients of these diseases are not admitted in hospitals to be treated.
They are given the medications and allowed to continue with their dairy activities. The patients
are given the guidelines to follow, but sometimes they end up not observing the requirements and
hence complicate their conditions further. The lessons will act as the eye opener to search
individuals.
Philosophical or Theoretical Basis for Teaching Approaches
There are three teaching approaches applied throughout the three lessons. These approaches
include presentation of key points, questioning, Narration on learner’s experiences and class
discussion. The purpose of the application of the combination of the three approaches is to assist
in making the lessons as interesting as possible and enhance understanding.
The presentation of key points
This is a critical part of teaching. The concepts of the lessons are contained in the key points and
hence there is the need to ensure that they are presented in an orderly and effective manner. In
this case, the points will be written down for the learners to view them and if possible write them
down in this note books for future references. One point will be elaborated at time to avoid
confusion.
Questioning
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 10
Asking questions is a strategy applied in teaching to facilitate effective communication in a
lesson and enhance information sharing. It is also used as an assessment too in the teaching and
learning process. Questioning helps the learners in the following ways:
Connect to the concept
Think creatively and imaginatively in the attempt to give the right answer
The learners will also learn what they may not have known as one learner provides an
answers and the teacher responds by elaborating further.
It also keeps the learners alert because they may not be aware when they can be asked a
question
Discussion
Discussion is considered as a powerful tool in a learning process. When presenting some of the
key points, the learners will be allowed to discussion the points and come up with a conclusion.
There are two ways in which the students are likely to benefit from the discussion:
Develop problem solving and critical thinking skills
Helps the learners to articulate their points and correct their uninformed opinion
In the discussion, it is
References
LESSON PLANS: OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION 11
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (2008). Visual nursing: A guide to diseases, skills, and
treatments. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Stern, J. S., & Kazaks, A. (2009). Obesity: A reference handbook. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-
CLIO.
Weir, M. R. (2005). Hypertension. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians.
