PDC Laplace Transforms
PDC Laplace Transforms
Control
Hare Krishna Mohanta
BITS Pilani Department of Chemical Engineering
B.I.T.S-Pilani, Pilani Campus
Pilani Campus
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
BITS Pilani CHE F342: PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
Pilani Campus
App A: Laplace Transforms (Mathematical Tools
for Modeling)
L is a linear operator:
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Examples: LT of Simple Functions
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Laplace Transforms of Various Time-
Domain Functions
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Laplace Transforms of Derivatives
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Solution of Differential Equations by LT
Techniques
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Cases of Partial Fractions: Repeated
factors
Method 1: Substitution
Ex 1.
Method 2: Differentiation
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Cases of Partial Fractions: Quadratic
Terms
Ex. 2.
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Cases of Partial Fractions
Ex. 3
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Cases of Partial Fractions
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Cases of Partial Fractions: Complex
conjugate roots
Ex. 5. Solve the following differential equation using Laplace Transforms:
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Avoiding complex conjugate
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Step function and Shifted step function
0 t< 0 t<
S (t- )= f (t)=
1 t h t
f(t)
f(t) f(t)
1
1 h
0
0 0 0
t 0 0
t t
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LT of various other functions
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Rectangular Pulse function
f(t) f(t)
f(t)
h h
h
+ 0
=
0
0 tw 0
0 0 tw
t t
t
ℎ ℎ𝑒 −𝑡𝑤 𝑠 ℎ
𝐿 𝑓 𝑡 = − = 1 − 𝑒 −𝑡𝑤 𝑠
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
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Double Pulse Function
xDP(t)
t
0 tw 2tw
-h
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Impulse Function (Dirac Delta Function)
(t)
1
𝑡𝑤
0 𝑡𝑤
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Ramp Function
R(t) = at
L{R(t)} = a/s2
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Composite Functions
f(t)
0
0 t
2 4 6
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Example
Solution:
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Transform of an Integral
1
= 𝐹(𝑠)
𝑠
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Initial and Final Value Theorems
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Laplace Transforms with MATLAB
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Example
>> syms t s
>> f=-1.25+3.5*t*exp(-2*t)+1.25*exp(-2*t);
>> F = laplace ( f , t , s)
F = -5/4/s+7/2/(s+2)^2+5/4/(s+2)
>> simplify(F)
ans = (s-5)/s/(s+2)^2
>> pretty (ans)
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Inverse Laplace Transform using
MATLAB
• The command one uses now is ilaplace .
>> syms t s
>> F=(s-5)/(s*(s+2)^2);
>> ilaplace(F)
ans = -5/4+(7/2*t+5/4)*exp(-2*t)
>> simplify(ans)
ans = -5/4+7/2*t*exp(-2*t)+5/4*exp(-2*t)
>> pretty(ans)
- 5/4 + 7/2 t exp(-2 t) + 5/4 exp(-2 t)
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