What is Grammar?

Grammar is the system of a language. People

sometimes describe grammar as the "rules" of a
language; but in fact no language has rules*. If we
use the word "rules", we suggest that somebody
created the rules first and then spoke the language,
like a new game. But languages did not start like
that. Languages started by people making sounds
which evolved into words, phrases and sentences.
No commonly-spoken language is fixed. All
languages change over time. What we call
"grammar" is simply a reflection of a language at a
particular time.

Do we need to study grammar to learn a language? The short answer is "no".

Very many people in the world speak their own, native language without having
studied its grammar. Children start to speak before they even know the word
"grammar". But if you are serious about learning a foreign language, the long
answer is "yes, grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and
more efficiently." It's important to think of grammar as something that can help
you, like a friend. When you understand the grammar (or system) of a
language, you can understand many things yourself, without having to ask a
teacher or look in a book.

So think of grammar as something good, something positive, something that

you can use to find your way - like a signpost or a map.

* Except invented languages like Esperanto. And if Esperanto were widely

spoken, its rules would soon be very different.

Glossary of English Grammar Terms

This glossary of English grammar terms relates to the English language. Some terms here ma
extended meanings when applied to other languages. For example, "case" in some languages
nouns. In English, nouns do not have case and therefore no reference to nouns is made in its
 
Term Definition

active voice one of two voices in English; a direct form of expression where

"acts" the verb; see also passive voice
eg: "Many people eat rice"
adjective part of speech that typically describes or "modifies" a noun
eg: "It was a big dog."

adjective clause seldom-used term for relative clause

adjunct word or phrase that adds information to a sentence and that ca

sentence without making the sentence ungrammatical
eg: I met John at school.

adverb word that modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb

eg: quickly, really, very

adverbial clause dependent clause that acts like an adverb and indicates such th
reason
eg: Although we are getting older, we grow more beautiful

affirmative statement that expresses (or claims to express) a truth or "yes

of negative
eg: The sun is hot.

affix language unit (morpheme) that occurs before or after (or some
stem of a word
eg: un- in unhappy (prefix), -ness in happiness (suffix)

agreement logical (in a grammatical sense) links between words based on

(also known as "concord") eg: this phone, these phones

antecedent word, phrase or clause that is replaced by a pronoun (or other

mentioned subsequently (in the same sentence or later)
eg: "Emily is nice because she brings me flowers."

appositive noun phrase that re-identifies or describes its neighbouring nou

eg: "Canada, a multicultural country, is recognized by its m

article determiner that introduces a noun phrase as definite (the) or i

aspect feature of some verb forms that relates to duration or complet

no aspect (simple), or can have continuous or progressive aspe
or have perfect or perfective aspect (expressing completion)

auxiliary verb verb used with the main verb to help indicate something such
(also called "helping verb") eg: I do not like you. She has finished. He can swim.

bare infinitive unmarked form of the verb (no indication of tense, mood, pers
particle "to"; typically used after modal auxiliary verbs; see als
eg: "He should come", "I can swim"
base form basic form of a verb before conjugation into tenses etc
eg: be, speak

case form of a pronoun based on its relationship to other words in th

be subjective, objective or possessive
eg: "I love this dog", "This dog loves me", "This is my dog"

causative verb verb that causes things to happen such as "make", "get" and "
perform the action but is indirectly responsible for it
eg: "She made me go to school", "I had my nails painted"

clause group of words containing a subject and its verb

eg: "It was late when he arrived"

comparative, form of an adjective or adverb made with "-er" or "more" that

comparative adjective or similarities between two things (not three or more things)
eg: colder, more quickly

complement part of a sentence that completes or adds meaning to the pred

eg: Mary did not say where she was going.

compound noun noun that is made up of more than one word; can be one word
separated by a space
eg: toothbrush, mother-in-law, Christmas Day

compound sentence sentence with at least two independent clauses; usually joined

eg: "You can have something healthy but you can't have more

concord another term for agreement

conditional structure in English where one action depends on another ("if-t

structure); most common are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd conditionals
eg: "If I win I will be happy", "I would be happy if I won"

conjugate to show the different forms of a verb according to voice, mood

conjugation is quite simple in English compared to many other
eg: I walk, you walk, he/she/it walks, we walk, they walk; I wa
walked, we walked, they walked

conjunction word that joins or connects two parts of a sentence

eg: Ram likes tea and coffee. Anthony went swimming althou

content word word that has meaning in a sentence, such as a verb or noun (
word, such as pronoun or auxiliary verb); content words are st
eg: "Could you BRING my GLASSES because I've LEFT them
continuous verb form (specifically an aspect) indicating actions that are in
(also called "progressive") a given time period (can be past, present or future); formed w
eg: "They are watching TV."

contraction shortening of two (or more) words into one

eg: isn't (is not), we'd've (we would have)

countable noun thing that you can count, such as apple, pen, tree (see uncoun
eg: one apple, three pens, ten trees

dangling participle illogical structure that occurs in a sentence when a writer inten
the reader attaches it to another
eg: "Running to the bus, the flowers were blooming." (In the
seems that the flowers were running.)

declarative sentence sentence type typically used to make a statement (as opposed
eg: "Tara works hard", "It wasn't funny"

defining relative clause relative clause that contains information required for the under
(also called "restrictive not set off with commas; see also non-defining clause
relative clause") eg: "The boy who was wearing a blue shirt was the winner"

demonstrative pronoun pronoun or determiner that indicates closeness to (this/these)

demonstrative adjective (that/those) the speaker
eg: "This is a nice car", "Can you see those cars?"

dependent clause part of a sentence that contains a subject and a verb but does
thought and cannot stand on its own; see also independent cla
eg: "When the water came out of the tap..."

determiner word such as an article or a possessive adjective or other adje

the beginning of noun phrases
eg: "It was an excellent film", "Do you like my new shirt?", "Le

direct speech saying what someone said by using their exact words; see also
eg: "Lucy said: 'I am tired.'"

direct object noun phrase in a sentence that directly receives the action of t
object
eg: "Joey bought the car", "I like it", "Can you see the man w
waving a gun in the air?"

embedded question question that is not in normal question form with a question m
another statement or question and generally follows statement
eg: "I don't know where he went," "Can you tell me where i
haven't decided whether they should come"
finite verb verb form that has a specific tense, number and person
eg: I work, he works, we learned, they ran

first conditional "if-then" conditional structure used for future actions or events

possibilities
eg: "If we win the lottery we will buy a car"

fragment incomplete piece of a sentence used alone as a complete sente

contain a complete thought; fragments are common in normal
(inappropriate) in formal writing
eg: "When's her birthday? - In December", "Will they come?

function purpose or "job" of a word form or element in a sentence

eg: The function of a subject is to perform the action. One fu
to describe a noun. The function of a noun is to name thing

future continuous tense* used to describe things that will happen in the future at
(also called "future with WILL + BE + VERB-ing
progressive") eg: "I will be graduating in September."

future perfect tense* used to express the past in the future; formed with WIL
eg: "I will have graduated by then"

future perfect continuous tense* used to show that something will be ongoing until a cer
formed with WILL HAVE BEEN + VERB-ing
eg: "We will have been living there for three months by the

future simple tense* used to describe something that hasn't happened yet su
sudden decision; formed with WILL + BASE VERB
eg: "He will be late", "I will answer the phone"

gerund noun form of a verb, formed with VERB-ing

eg: "Walking is great exercise"

gradable adjective adjective that can vary in intensity or grade when paired with a
also non-gradable adjective
eg: quite hot, very tall

grading adverb adverb that can modify the intensity or grade of a gradable ad
eg: quite hot, very tall

hanging participle another term for dangling participle

helping verb another term for auxiliary verb

imperative form of verb used when giving a command; formed with BASE
 eg: "Brush your teeth!"

indefinite pronoun pronoun does not refer to any specific person, thing or amount
definite".
eg: anything, each, many, somebody

independent clause group of words that expresses a complete thought and can sta
(also called "main clause") also dependent clause
eg: "Tara is eating curry.", "Tara likes oranges and Joe lik

indirect object noun phrase representing the person or thing indirectly affecte
see also direct object
eg: "She showed me her book collection", "Joey bought his w

indirect question another term for embedded question

indirect speech saying what someone said without using their exact words; see
(also called "reported eg: "Lucy said that she was tired"
speech")

infinitive base form of a verb preceded by "to"**; see also bare infinitive

eg: "You need to study harder", "To be, or not to be: that is

inflection change in word form to indicate grammatical meaning

eg: dog, dogs (two inflections); take, takes, took, taking, t

interjection common word that expresses emotion but has no grammatical

alone and is often followed by an exclamation mark
eg: "Hi!", "er", "Ouch!", "Dammit!"

interrogative (formal) sentence type (typically inverted) normally used when

eg: "Are you eating?", "What are you eating?"

interrogative pronoun pronoun that asks a question.

eg: who, whom, which

intransitive verb verb that does not take a direct object; see also transitive verb
e.g. "He is working hard", "Where do you live?"

inversion any reversal of the normal word order, especially placing the a

subject; used in a variety of ways, as in question formation, co
agreement or disagreement
eg: "Where are your keys?","Had we watched the weather repo
to the beach", "So did he", "Neither did she"

irregular verb verb that has a different ending for past tense and past particip
see irregular verbs list "-ed"; see also regular verb
eg: buy, bought, bought; do, did, done

lexicon, lexis all of the words and word forms in a language with meaning or

lexical verb another term for main verb

linking verb verbs that connect the subject to more information (but do not
"be" or "seem"

main clause another term for independent clause

main verb any verb in a sentence that is not an auxiliary verb; a main ve
(also called "lexical verb") eg: "Does John like Mary?", "I will have arrived by 4pm"

modal verb auxiliary verb such as can, could, must, should etc; paired with
(also called "modal") verb
eg: "I should go for a jog"

modifier word or phrase that modifies and limits the meaning of anothe
eg: the house => the white house, the house over there, the

mood sentence type that indicates the speaker's view towards the de
being said, for example subjunctive, indicative, imperative

morpheme unit of language with meaning; differs from "word" because so

e.g. un-, predict and -able in unpredictable

multi-word verb verb that consists of a basic verb + another word or words (pr
eg: get up (phrasal verb), believe in (prepositional verb), ge
prepositional verb)

negative form which changes a "yes" meaning to a "no" meaning; oppos

eg: "She will not come", "I have never seen her"

nominative case another term for subjective case

non-defining relative clause relative clause that adds information but is not completely nece
(also called "non-restrictive sentence with a comma or commas; see defining relative claus
relative clause") eg: "The boy, who had a chocolate bar in his hand, was sti

non-gradable adjective adjective that has a fixed quality or intensity and cannot be pa
see also gradable adjective
eg: freezing, boiling, dead

non-restrictive relative another term for non-defining relative clause

clause
noun part of speech that names a person, place, thing, quality, quan
also proper noun and compound noun
eg: "The man is waiting", "I was born in London", "Is that you
likemusic?"

noun clause clause that takes the place of a noun and cannot stand on its o
words such as "that, who or whoever"
eg: "What the president said was surprising"

noun phrase (NP) any word or group of words based on a noun or pronoun that c
as a subject, object or prepositional object; can be one word o
simple or very complex
eg: "She is nice", "When is the meeting?", "The car over th
mine"

number change of word form indicating one person or thing (singular)

thing (plural)
eg: one dog/three dogs, she/they

object thing or person affected by the verb; see also direct object and

eg: "The boy kicked the ball", "We chose the house with the

objective case case form of a pronoun indicating an object

eg: "John married her", "I gave it to him"

part of speech one of the classes into which words are divided according to th
eg: verb, noun, adjective

participle verb form that can be used as an adjective or a noun; see past

participle

passive voice one of two voices in English; an indirect form of expression in w

the action; see also active voice
eg: "Rice is eaten by many people"

past tense tense used to talk about an action, event or situation that occu
(also called "simple past") the past
eg: "I lived in Paris for 10 years", "Yesterday we saw a snake

past continuous tense often used to describe an interrupted action in the past;
VERB-ing
eg: "I was reading when you called"

past perfect tense that refers to the past in the past; formed with HAD + V
eg: "We had stopped the car"
past perfect continuous tense that refers to action that happened in the past and contin
the past; formed with HAD BEEN + VERB-ing
eg: "I had been waiting for three hours when he arrived"

past participle verb form (V3) - usually made by adding "-ed" to the base ver
and passive tenses, and sometimes as an adjective
eg: "I have finished", "It was seen by many people", "boiled

perfect verb form (specifically an aspect); formed with HAVE/HAS + V

HAD + VERB-ed (past perfect)

person grammatical category that identifies people in a conversation;

1st person (pronouns I/me, we/us) is the speaker(s), 2nd pers
listener(s), 3rd person (pronouns he/him, she/her, it, they/the
everything else

personal pronoun pronoun that indicates person

eg: "He likes my dogs", "They like him"

phrasal verb multi-word verb formed with a verb + adverb

eg: break up, turn off (see phrasal verbs list)
NB: many people and books call all multi-word verbs "phrasal
verbs)

phrase two or more words that have a single function and form part o
be noun, adjective, adverb, verb or prepositional

plural of a noun or form indicating more than one person or thing; pl

formed by adding "-s"; see also singular, number
eg: bananas, spoons, trees

position grammatically correct placement of a word form in a phrase or

other word forms
eg: "The correct position for an article is at the beginning of th
describes"

positive basic state of an adjective or adverb when it shows quality but

not comparative orsuperlative
eg: nice, kind, quickly

possessive adjective adjective (also called "determiner") based on a pronoun: my, y

eg: "I lost my keys", "She likes your car"

possessive case case form of a pronoun indicating ownership or possession

eg: "Mine are blue", "This car is hers"
possessive pronoun pronoun that indicates ownership or possession
eg: "Where is mine?", "These are yours"

predicate one of the two main parts (subject and predicate) of a sentenc

that is not the subject
eg: "My brother is a doctor", "Who did you call?", "The wom
dress helped me"

prefix affix that occurs before the root or stem of a word

eg: impossible, reload

preposition part of speech that typically comes before a noun phrase and s

relationship between that noun phrase and another element (in
time, location, purpose etc)
eg: "We sleep at night", "I live in London", "This is for digging

prepositional verb multi-word verb that is formed with verb + preposition

eg: believe in, look after

present participle -ing form of a verb (except when it is a gerund or verbal noun)
eg: "We were eating", "The man shouting at the back is rude
Taraplaying tennis"

present simple(also called tense usually used to describe states and actions that are gene
"simple present") verb "to be") true right now; formed with the basic verb (+ s f
eg: "Canada sounds beautiful", "She walks to school", "I am 

present continuous(also tense used to describe action that is in process now, or a plan
called "present BE + VERB-ing
progressive") eg: "We are watching TV", "I am moving to Canada next mo

present perfect tense that connects the past and the present, typically used to
change or a continuing situation; formed with HAVE + VERB-ed
eg: "I have worked there", "John has broken his leg", "How
Canada?"

present perfect continuous tense used to describe an action that has recently stopped or a
now; formed with HAVE + BEEN + VERB-ing
eg: "I'm tired because I've been running", "He has been liv
years"

progressive another term for continuous

pronoun word that replaces a noun or noun phrase; there are several ty
pronouns, relative pronouns and indefinite pronouns
eg: you, he, him; who, which; somebody, anything
proper noun noun that is capitalized at all times and is the name of a person
eg: Shakespeare, Tokyo, EnglishClub.com

punctuation standard marks such as commas, periods and question marks

eg: , . ? ! - ; :

quantifier determiner or pronoun that indicates quantity

eg: some, many, all

question tag final part of a tag question; mini-question at end of a tag ques
eg: "Snow isn't black, is it?"

question word another term for WH-word

reciprocal pronoun pronoun that indicates that two or more subjects are acting mu
English - each other, one another
eg: "John and Mary were shouting at each other", "The stude
another of cheating"

reduced relative clause construction similar to a relative clause, but containing a partic
(also called "participial this construction is possible only under certain circumstances
relative clause") eg: "The woman sitting on the bench is my sister", "The peo
police have been released"

reflexive pronoun pronoun ending in -self or -selves, used when the subject and
when the subject needs emphasis
eg: "She drove herself", "I'll phone her myself"

regular verb verb that has "-ed" as the ending for past tense and past parti
see regular verbs list alsoirregular verb
eg: work, worked, worked

relative adverb adverb that introduces a relative clause; there are four in

English: where, when,wherever, whenever; see also relativ

relative clause dependent clause that usually starts with a relative pronoun su

or relative adverb such as where
eg: "The person who finishes first can leave early" (defining)
brother lives, is big" (non-defining)

relative pronoun pronoun that starts a relative clause; there are five in

English: who, whom,whose, which, that; see also relative a

reported speech another term for indirect speech

restrictive relative clause another term for defining relative clause

second conditional "if-then" conditional structure used to talk about an unlikely po
eg: "If we won the lottery we would buy a car"

sentence largest grammatical unit; a sentence must always include a su

forimperatives) and predicate; a written sentence starts with a
a full stop/period (.), question mark (?) or exclamation mark (!
complete thought such as a statement, question, request or co
eg: "Stop!", "Do you like coffee?", "I work."

series list of items in a sentence

eg: "The children ate popsicles, popcorn and chips"

singular of a noun or form indicating exactly one person or thing; singu

simplest form of the noun (as found in a dictionary); see also p
eg: banana, spoon, tree

split infinitive situation where a word or phrase comes between the particle "
infinitive; considered poor construction by some
eg: "He promised to never lie again"

Standard English (S.E.) "normal" spelling, pronunciation and grammar that is used by
English

structure word word that has no real meaning in a sentence, such as a pronou
opposed to a content word, such as verb or noun); structure w
stressed in speech
eg: "Could you BRING my GLASSES because I've LEFT them

subject one of the two main parts (subject and predicate) of a sentenc

that is not the predicate; typically, the subject is the first noun
what the rest of the sentence "is about"
eg: "The rain water was dirty", "Mary is beautiful", "Who sa

subjective case case form of a pronoun indicating a subject

also called "nominative" eg: Did she tell you about her?

subjunctive fairly rare verb form typically used to talk about events that ar
usually something that someone wants, hopes or imagines will
INFINITIVE (except past of "be")
eg: "The President requests that John attend the meeting"

subordinate clause another term for dependent clause

suffix affix that occurs after the root or stem of a word

eg: happiness, quickly
superlative,superlative adjective or adverb that describes the extreme degree of some
adjective eg: happiest, most quickly

SVO subject-verb-object; a common word order where the subject

then the object
eg: "The man crossed the street"

syntax sentence structure; the rules about sentence structure

tag question special construction with statement that ends in a mini-questio

tag question; the mini-question is a question tag; usually used
eg: "The Earth is round, isn't it?", "You don't eat meat, do you?

tense form of a verb that shows us when the action or state happens
Note that the name of a tense is not always a guide to when th
"present continuous tense", for example, can be used to talk a
future.

third conditional "if-then" conditional structure used to talk about a possible eve

happen (and is therefore now impossible)
eg: "If we had won the lottery we would have bought a car"

transitive verb action verb that has a direct object (receiver of the action); se
eg: "The kids always eat a snack while they watch TV"

uncountable nouns thing that you cannot count, such as substances or concepts; s
(also called "mass nouns" eg: water, furniture, music
or "non-count")

usage way in which words and constructions are normally used in any

V1, V2, V3 referring to Verb 1, Verb 2, Verb 3 - being the base, past and p
typically learn for irregular verbs
eg: speak, spoke, spoken

verb word that describes the subject's action or state and that we ca

orconjugate based on tense and person
eg: (to) work, (to) love, (to) begin

voice form of a verb that shows the relation of the subject to the act
English: active, passive

WH-question question using a WH-word and expecting an answer that is not

questions are "open" questions; see also yes-no question
eg: Where are you going?
WH-word word that asks a WH-question; there are 7 WH-words: who, w
(also called "question why, how
word")

word order order or sequence in which words occur within a sentence; bas
subject-verb-object or SVO

yes-no question question to which the answer is yes or no; yes-no questions ar
also WH-question
eg: "Do you like coffee?"

zero conditional "if-then" conditional structure used when the result of the cond

on fact)
eg: "If you dial O, the operator comes on"
* note that technically English does not have a real future tense
** some authorities consider the base form of the verb without "to" to be the true infinitive

Passive Voice | Active or Passive Quiz

Active Voice, Passive Voice

There are two special forms for verbs called voice:

1. Active voice
2. Passive voice

The active voice is the "normal" voice. This is the voice that we u

time. You are probably already familiar with the active voice. In
the object receives the action of the verb:

active subject verb object

  >

Cats eat fish.

The passive voice is less usual. In the passive voice, the subject

of the verb:

passive subject verb object

 <  

Fish are eaten by cats.

The object of the active verb becomes the subject of the passive

  subject verb object

active Everybody drinks water.

passive Water is drunk by everybody.

Passive Voice | Active or Passive Quiz

Passive Voice

The passive voice is less usual than the active voice. The active v
"normal" voice. But sometimes we need the passive voice. In th
how to construct the passive voice, when to use it and how to co

Construction of the Passive Voice

The structure of the passive voice is very simple:

subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)

The main verb is always in its past participle form.

Look at these examples:

subject auxiliary verb (to be)   main verb (past participle)  

Water is   drunk by everyone.

100 people are   employed by this company

I am   paid in euro.
We are not paid in dollars.

Are they   paid in yen?

Use of the Passive Voice

We use the passive when:

 we want to make the active object more important

 we do not know the active subject

  subject verb

give importance to active object (President Kennedy) President Kennedy was killed

active subject unknown My wallet has been stole

Note that we always use by to introduce the passive object (Fish

Look at this sentence:

 He was killed with a gun.

Normally we use by to introduce the passive object. But the gun

subject. The gun did not kill him. He was killed by somebody wit
active voice, it would be: Somebody killed him with a gun. The g
instrument. Somebody is the "agent" or "doer".

Conjugation for the Passive Voice

We can form the passive in any tense. In fact, conjugation of ver

tense is rather easy, as the main verb is always in past participle
auxiliary verb is always be. To form the required tense, we conju
verb. So, for example:
  present simple: It is made
 present continuous: It is being made
 present perfect: It has been made

Here are some examples with most of the possible tenses:

infinitive to be washed

present It is washed.

past It was washed.

future It will be washed.

conditional It would be washed.

present It is being washed.

past It was being washed.

future It will be being washed.

conditional It would be being washed.

present It has been washed.

past It had been washed.

future It will have been washed.

conditional It would have been washed.

perfect continuous present It has been being washed.

past It had been being washed.

 future It will have been being washed.

conditional It would have been being washed.

Adjectives

An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. (By "nou

pronouns and noun phrases.)

An adjective "qualifies" or "modifies" a noun (a big dog).

Adjectives can be used before a noun (I like Chinese food) or aft

(It is hard).

We can often use two or more adjectives together (a beautiful y

It is sometimes said that the adjective is the enemy of the noun

very often, if we use the precise noun we don't need an adjectiv
instead of saying "a large, impressive house" (2 adjectives + 1 n
simply say "a mansion" (1 noun).

A, An, The | Possessives | Each, Every | Some, Any | Determiner

Determiners

Determiners are words like the, an, my, some. They are gramma

all come at the beginning of noun phrases, and usually we canno
one determiner in the same noun phrase.

Articles:

 a, an, the
Possessive Adjectives:

 my, your, his, her, its, our, their, whose

Other determiners:

 each, every
 either, neither
 some, any, no
 much, many; more, most
 little, less, least
 few, fewer, fewest
 what, whatever; which, whichever
 both, half, all
 several
 enough

A, An, The | Possessives | Each, Every | Some, Any | Determiner

A, An or The?

When do we say "the dog" and when do we say "a dog"? (On thi

about singular, countable nouns.)

The and a/an are called "articles". We divide them into "definite

like this:

Articles

Definite Indefinite

the a, an
We use "definite" to mean sure, certain. "Definite" is particular.

We use "indefinite" to mean not sure, not certain. "Indefinite" is

When we are talking about one thing in particular, we use the. W
about one thing in general, we use a or an.

Think of the sky at night. In the sky we see 1 moon and millions
normally we would say:

 I saw the moon last night.

 I saw a star last night.

Look at these examples:

the a, an

 The capital of France is Paris.  I was born in a town.

 I have found the book that I lost.  John had an omelette for lunch.
 Have you cleaned the car?  James Bond ordered a drink.
 There are six eggs in the fridge.  We want to buy an umbrella.
 Please switch off the TV when you finish.  Have you got a pen?

Of course, often we can use the or a/an for the same word. It de

situation, not the word. Look at these examples:

 We want to buy an umbrella. (Any umbrella, not a particular

 Where is the umbrella? (We already have an umbrella. We a
umbrella, a particular umbrella.)

This little story should help you understand the difference betwe

A man and a woman were walking in Oxford Street. The woman

she liked in a shop. She asked the man if he could buy the dress
"Do you think theshop will accept a cheque? I don't have a credi