RM COBOL Syntax Summary PDF
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RM/COBOL
Syntax Summary
First Edition
This document provides complete syntax for all RM/COBOL commands, divisions, entries, statements, and other
general formats. Use this pamphlet in conjunction with the RM/COBOL Language Reference Manual and the
RM/COBOL User's Guide.
The RM/COBOL Syntax Summary has been prepared for all implementations of RM/COBOL. Consult the
RM/COBOL User's Guide for all appropriate operating system rules and conventions (such as command line
invocation).
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopied, recorded, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Liant
Software Corporation.
The information in this document is subject to change without prior notice. Liant Software Corporation assumes no
responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Liant reserves the right to make improvements and/or
changes in the products and programs described in this guide at any time without notice. Companies, names, and data
used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted.
The software described in this document is furnished to the user under a license for a specific number of uses and
may be copied (with inclusion of the copyright notice) only in accordance with the terms of such license.
Copyright 1985-2005 by Liant Software Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
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Documentation Release History for the RM/COBOL Syntax Summary:
Edition Document Applies To Publication
Number Part Number Product Version Date
1 401225 RM/COBOL version 9 and later January 2005
Contents
Contents
Compile Command............................................................................................................. 1
Runtime Command............................................................................................................. 3
Debug Commands .............................................................................................................. 4
Source Program General Format ........................................................................................ 6
Identification Division General Format.............................................................................. 6
Environment Division General Format .............................................................................. 7
File Control Entry General Formats .......................................................................... 10
Data Division General Format.......................................................................................... 12
file-description-entry................................................................................................. 13
sort-merge-file-description-entry .............................................................................. 13
record-description-entry ............................................................................................ 14
77-level-description-entry ......................................................................................... 14
data-description-entry................................................................................................ 14
communication-description-entry.............................................................................. 16
screen-description-entry ............................................................................................ 17
Procedure Division General Formats ............................................................................... 21
General Formats for COBOL Statements......................................................................... 22
ACCEPT Statement................................................................................................... 22
ADD Statement ......................................................................................................... 24
ALTER Statement ..................................................................................................... 25
CALL Statement ....................................................................................................... 25
CALL PROGRAM Statement................................................................................... 26
CANCEL Statement.................................................................................................. 26
CLOSE Statement ..................................................................................................... 26
COMPUTE Statement............................................................................................... 27
CONTINUE Statement.............................................................................................. 27
DELETE Statement................................................................................................... 27
DELETE FILE Statement ......................................................................................... 27
DISABLE Statement ................................................................................................. 27
DISPLAY Statement ................................................................................................. 28
DIVIDE Statement .................................................................................................... 29
ENABLE Statement .................................................................................................. 30
ENTER Statement ..................................................................................................... 30
EVALUATE Statement............................................................................................. 31
EXIT Statement......................................................................................................... 32
GOBACK Statement ................................................................................................. 32
GO TO Statement...................................................................................................... 32
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary v
First Edition
Contents
IF Statement .............................................................................................................. 33
INITIALIZE Statement ............................................................................................. 33
INSPECT Statement.................................................................................................. 33
MERGE Statement.................................................................................................... 34
MOVE Statement ...................................................................................................... 35
MULTIPLY Statement.............................................................................................. 35
OPEN Statement ....................................................................................................... 36
PERFORM Statement ............................................................................................... 36
PURGE Statement..................................................................................................... 37
READ Statement ....................................................................................................... 37
RECEIVE Statement ................................................................................................. 38
RELEASE Statement ................................................................................................ 38
RETURN Statement.................................................................................................. 38
REWRITE Statement ................................................................................................ 39
SEARCH Statement .................................................................................................. 39
SEND Statement ....................................................................................................... 40
SET Statement........................................................................................................... 40
SORT Statement........................................................................................................ 41
START Statement ..................................................................................................... 42
STOP Statement ........................................................................................................ 42
STRING Statement ................................................................................................... 43
SUBTRACT Statement ............................................................................................. 43
UNLOCK Statement ................................................................................................. 44
UNSTRING Statement.............................................................................................. 44
USE Statement .......................................................................................................... 44
WRITE Statement ..................................................................................................... 45
General Format for END PROGRAM Header ................................................................. 46
General Formats for COPY and REPLACE Statements .................................................. 46
General Formats for Conditions ....................................................................................... 47
Relation Condition .................................................................................................... 47
LIKE Condition (Special Case of a Relation Condition) .......................................... 47
Class Condition ......................................................................................................... 47
Sign Condition........................................................................................................... 48
Condition-Name Condition ....................................................................................... 48
Switch-Status Condition............................................................................................ 48
Negated Condition..................................................................................................... 48
Combined Condition ................................................................................................. 48
Abbreviated Combined Relation Condition .............................................................. 48
General Formats for Qualification.................................................................................... 49
Miscellaneous Formats..................................................................................................... 50
Sentence .................................................................................................................... 50
Statement Sequence................................................................................................... 50
Subscripting............................................................................................................... 50
Reference Modification............................................................................................. 50
vi RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
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Contents
Identifier.................................................................................................................... 50
Special Registers ....................................................................................................... 51
Figurative-Constants ................................................................................................. 52
Concatenation Expression ......................................................................................... 52
Constant-Expression.................................................................................................. 52
General Format for Nested Source Programs ................................................................... 53
General Format for nested-source-program..................................................................... 53
General Format for a Sequence of Source Programs........................................................ 54
PICTURE Clause ............................................................................................................. 55
PICTURE Character-Strings ..................................................................................... 55
PICTURE Symbols ................................................................................................... 56
Reserved Words ............................................................................................................... 60
Context-Sensitive Words.................................................................................................. 65
Nonreserved System-Names............................................................................................. 67
Code-Names .............................................................................................................. 67
(Color-Integer) Color-Names .................................................................................... 67
Computer-Names ...................................................................................................... 67
Delimiter-Names ....................................................................................................... 67
Device-Names ........................................................................................................... 67
Feature-Names .......................................................................................................... 68
Label-Names ............................................................................................................. 68
Language-Names....................................................................................................... 68
Low-Volume-I-O-Names .......................................................................................... 68
Rerun-Names............................................................................................................. 68
Switch-Names ........................................................................................................... 68
List of Tables
Table 1: PICTURE Symbol Precedence.......................................................................... 59
Table 2: Context-Sensitive Words................................................................................... 65
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary vii
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Contents
viii RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Compile Command
Compile Command
The format of the Compile Command is as follows:
rmcobol filename [[(] [[~]option] ... [)comment]]
filename is the name of the source file to be compiled.
option specifies a compiler option, described below. A tilde (~) preceding the option
character negates the option. Options may be specified in either uppercase or lowercase
letters. If an option is repeated in a command, the last occurrence of the option is used. Each
option may be preceded by a hyphen. If any option is preceded by a hyphen, then a leading
hyphen must precede all options. When assigning a value to an option, the equal sign is
optional if leading hyphens are used.
comment is used to annotate the command.
Option Description
A Direct the compiler to generate the allocation map in the listing.
B Define as binary sequential those sequential files not explicitly
declared to be line sequential in their file control entries.
C Suppress the inclusion of copied text in the listing.
D Direct RM/COBOL to compile all source programs as if the WITH
DEBUGGING MODE clause appeared in each compiled program.
E Suppress the inclusion of the source program component in the
listing except for lines associated with diagnostic messages.
F={(keyword-list)|keyword} Direct the compiler to flag occurrences of these language elements:
COM1 INTERMEDIATE
COM2 OBSOLETE
EXTENSION SEG1
HIGH SEG2
If leading hyphens are used, the parentheses are optional.
G=path Designate a file to be used as the compiler configuration.
H=path Designate a file as a supplement to the compiler configuration.
K Suppress the banner message and the terminal error listing.
L[=path] Direct the compiler to produce a listing file and optionally specify
the directory in which to place the listing file.
M Direct the compiler to suppress automatic input conversion for
Format 1 and 3 ACCEPT statements with numeric operands and to
suppress right justification of justified operands. Direct the
compiler to suppress automatic output conversion for numeric fields
of Format 3 DISPLAY statements.
N Suppress the generation of an object program.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 1
First Edition
Compile Command
Option Description
O=path Specify the directory pathname where the object file will be placed.
P Direct the compiler to write a copy of the listing to the printer.
Q Direct the compiler to eliminate debugging information from
generated object programs.
R Direct the compiler to generate a sequential number in the first six
columns of source records as they appear on the listing.
S Direct the compiler to assume a separate sign when the SIGN clause
is not specified for a DISPLAY usage, signed numeric data item
(that is, for a data item whose character-string within a PICTURE
clause begins with S).
T Direct the compiler to write a copy of the listing to the standard
output device.
U[={B|D|P}] Direct the compiler to assume an alternative usage for data items
described as COMP or COMPUTATIONAL.
The U Option specified alone or as U=B directs the compiler to
assume BINARY usage for data items described as COMP or
COMPUTATIONAL.
The U=D Option directs the compiler to assume DISPLAY usage
for items described as COMP or COMPUTATIONAL.
The U=P Option directs the compiler to assume PACKED-
DECIMAL usage for items described as COMP or
COMPUTATIONAL.
V Define as line sequential those sequential files not explicitly
declared to be binary sequential in their file control entries.
W=n Specify the amount of memory (in kilobytes) that the compiler
should use for its internal table storage. n can be a decimal number
from 32 to 16384.
X Direct the compiler to generate a cross reference map in the listing.
Y=n Direct the compiler to output the symbol table and debug line table
to the object program file. n can be 0 to 3.
Z=version Indicate the version of the RM/COBOL runtime you want to use.
version can be 7 through 11.
2 Direct the compiler to accept source programs created for the
RM/COBOL 2.n compiler.
7 Specify the semantic rules under which the program is to be
compiled as conforming to the American National Standard
COBOL 1974.
2 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Runtime Command
Runtime Command
The format of the Runtime Command is as follows:
runcobol filename [option] ...
filename is the name of the main program of the run unit.
option specifies a runtime system option, described below. Options may be specified in either
uppercase or lowercase letters. Each option may be preceded by a hyphen. If any option is
preceded by a hyphen, then a leading hyphen must precede all options. When assigning a
value to an option, the equal sign is optional if leading hyphens are used.
Option Description
A=[delim] [string] [delim] Pass an argument to the main program. The delimiter characters are
optional if string does not contain spaces.
B=n Specify a maximum buffer size for use with the ACCEPT and
DISPLAY statements.
C=pathname Designate a file to be used as the runtime configuration file.
D Invoke the RM/COBOL Interactive Debugger.
F=<fill-char> Fill read-write memory with fill characters when loading programs.
I Collect RM/COBOL program instrumentation data.
K Suppress the banner message and the STOP RUN message.
L=pathname Designate RM/COBOL non-COBOL subprogram libraries.
M Direct that level 2 ANSI semantics are to be used for Format 1
ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements.
S=n . . . n Set (or reset) the initial value of switches in the RM/COBOL
program.
T=n Specify the amount of memory (n bytes) to be used for a sort
operation.
V Direct that a trace of support modules loaded by the RM/COBOL
runtime system be displayed.
X=pathname Designate a file as a supplement to the runtime configuration.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 3
First Edition
Debug Commands
Debug Commands
The Debug commands are as follows.
Command Description
A Set breakpoints and resume program execution from the current location.
A [ line [ + intraline ] [ , [ prog-name ] [ , [ count ] ] ] ]
B Display all currently set breakpoints or set breakpoints at specific procedural
statements.
B [ line [ + intraline ] [ , [ prog-name ] [ , [ count ] ] ] ]
C Clear any breakpoints that have been set with the A or B Command.
C [ line [ + intraline] [ , [ prog-name ] ] ]
D Display on the screen the value of a specified data item.
Identifier Format
D name-1 [ { IN | OF } name-2 ] … [ script ] [ refmod ]
[ , { type | { * | & } [ type ] } ] [ # alias ]
Address-Size Format
D [ base : ] address [ + occur-size * occur-num ] …, size ,
[ type ] [ # alias ]
Alias Format
D # alias
E End Debug; the currently executing program runs until completion.
E
L Specify a line on the monitor screen at which command input echoes and
Debug responses are to be displayed.
L [ line-display ]
M Change the value of a specified data item.
Identifier Format
M name-1 [ { IN | OF } name-2 ] … [ script ] [ refmod ]
[ , { type | { * | & } [ type ] } ] [ # alias ] , value
Address-Size Format
M [ base : ] address [ + occur-size * occur-num ] …, size ,
[ type ] [ # alias ] , value
Alias Format
M # alias , value
Q Stop program execution.
Q
4 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Debug Commands
Command Description
R Specify that program execution resume at the current location, or at another
location specified in the command.
R [ statement-address ]
S Specify that program execution occur one step at a time.
S [ P | S ][ count ]
T Monitor the value of a specified data item, and suspend execution whenever a
change in that value occurs. That is, a data trap.
Identifier Format
T name-1 [ { IN | OF } name-2 ] … [ script ] [ refmod ]
[ , { type | { * | & } [ type ] } ] [ # alias ]
Address-Size Format
T [ base : ] address [ + occur-size * occur-num ] …, size ,
[ type ] [ # alias ]
Alias Format
T # alias
U Clear some or all currently active data traps.
Identifier Format
U name-1 [ { IN | OF } name-2 ] … [ script ] [ refmod ]
[ , { type | { * | & } [ type ] } ]
Address-Size Format
U [ base : ] address [ + occur-size * occur-num ] …, size , [ type ]
Alias Format
U # alias
Note In the Address-Size formats for the D, M, T, and U commands, base is one of the
following:
• U arg-num, for a formal argument and arg-num is the formal argument number.
• B item-num, for a based linkage item and item-num is the based linkage item number.
• G for the GIVING formal argument.
• X ext-num, for an external data item and ext-num is the external item number.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 5
First Edition
Source Program General Format
Source Program General Format
identification-division
[ environment-division ]
[ data-division ]
[ procedure-division ]
[ nested-source-program ]!
[ end-program-header ]
Identification Division General Format
IDENTIFICATION
ID DIVISION .
program-name-1 COMMON
PROGRAM - ID . IS PROGRAM .
literal-1 INITIAL
[ AUTHOR . [ comment-entry-1 ]! ]
[ INSTALLATION . [ comment-entry-2 ]! ]
[ DATE - WRITTEN . [ comment-entry-3 ]! ]
[ DATE - COMPILED . [ comment-entry-4 ]! ]
[ SECURITY . [ comment-entry-5 ]! ]
[ REMARKS . [ comment-entry-6 ]! ]
6 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Environment Division General Format
Environment Division General Format
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION .
CONFIGURATION SECTION .
SOURCE - COMPUTER . computer-name-1
[ WITH DEBUGGING MODE ].
OBJECT - COMPUTER . computer-name-2
WORDS
MEMORY SIZE integer-1 CHARACTERS
MODULES
[ PROGRAM COLLATING SEQUENCE IS alphabet-name-1 ]
[ SEGMENT - LIMIT IS segment-number-1 ] .
SPECIAL - NAMES .
ON STATUS IS condition-name-1
IS mnemonic-name-1
OFF STATUS IS condition-name-2
switch-name-1
ON STATUS IS condition-name-1
OFF STATUS IS condition-name-2 !
feature-name-1 IS mnemonic-name-2
low-volume-I-O-name-1 IS mnemonic-name-3
(continued on next page)
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 7
First Edition
Environment Division General Format
(continued from previous page)
ALPHABET alphabet-name-1 IS
STANDARD - 1
STANDARD - 2
NATIVE
code-name-1
literal-1 THROUGH literal-2 !
THRU
THROUGH
ALSO literal-3 THRU literal-4 ! !
SYMBOLIC CHARACTER { symbolic-character-1 }! IS
CHARACTERS ARE
{ integer-1 }! ! [ IN alphabet-name-2 ] !
CLASS class-name-1 IS literal-5 THROUGH literal-6 ! !
THRU
CURRENCY SIGN IS literal-7
DECIMAL - POINT IS COMMA
LEADING
NUMERIC SIGN IS TRAILING [ SEPARATE CHARACTER ]
CONSOLE IS CRT
CURSOR IS data-name-1
CRT STATUS IS data-name-2 .
INPUT - OUTPUT SECTION .
FILE - CONTROL .
{ file-control-entry-1 }!
(continued on next page)
8 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Environment Division General Format
(continued from previous page)
I - O - CONTROL .
file-name-1
RERUN ON
rerun-name-1
REEL
[ END OF ]
UNIT OF file-name-2 !
integer-1 RECORDS
EVERY
integer-2 CLOCK - UNITS
condition-name-1
RECORD
SAME SORT
AREA FOR file-name-3 { file-name-4 }! !
SORT - MERGE
MULTIPLE FILE TAPE CONTAINS
!
.
{ file-name-5 [ POSITION IS integer-3 ] }!
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 9
First Edition
Environment Division General Format
File Control Entry General Formats
File Control Entry General Formats
File Control Entry
SELECT [ [ NOT ] OPTIONAL ] file-name-1
data-name-1
literal-1
DISPLAY
INPUT
ASSIGN TO
OUTPUT data-name-1
INPUT - OUTPUT literal-1
RANDOM
TAPE
device-name-1
integer-1 AREA
RESERVE NO [ ALTERNATE ] AREAS
BINARY
SEQUENTIAL
LINE
[ ORGANIZATION IS ]
RELATIVE
INDEXED
data-name-2
PADDING CHARACTER IS literal-2
STANDARD - 1
RECORD DELIMITER IS delimiter-name-1
SEQUENTIAL
ACCESS MODE IS RANDOM [ RELATIVE KEY IS data-name-3 ]
DYNAMIC
LOCK MODE IS
MANUAL RECORD
WITH LOCK ON [ MULTIPLE ] RECORDS
AUTOMATIC
EXCLUSIVE
(continued on next page)
10 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Environment Division General Format
File Control Entry General Formats
(continued from previous page)
[ CODE - SET IS alphabet-name-1 ]
[ COLLATING SEQUENCE IS alphabet-name-2 ]
data-name-4
RECORD KEY IS split-key-name-1 = { data-name-5 }!
[ WITH DUPLICATES ]
data-name-6
ALTERNATE RECORD KEY IS split-key-name-2 = { data-name-7 }!
[ WITH DUPLICATES ] !
[ FILE STATUS IS data-name-8 ].
Sort-Merge File Control Entry
SELECT file-name-1
data-name-1
literal-1
ASSIGN TO
SORT
.
SORT - MERGE data-name-1
MERGE literal-1
device-name-1
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 11
First Edition
Data Division General Format
Data Division General Format
DATA DIVISION .
FILE SECTION .
file-description-entry-1 { record-description-entry-1 }!
sort-merge-file-description-entry-1 { record-description-entry-2 }! !
WORKING - STORAGE SECTION .
77-level-description-entry-1
record-description-entry-3 !
LINKAGE SECTION .
77-level-description-entry-2
record-description-entry-4 !
COMMUNICATION SECTION .
[ communication-description-entry-1 { record-description-entry-5 }! ]!
SCREEN SECTION .
[ screen-description-entry-1 ]!
12 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Data Division General Format
file-description-entry
file-description-entry
FD file-name-1
[ IS EXTERNAL ]
[ IS GLOBAL ]
RECORDS
BLOCK CONTAINS [ integer-1 TO ] integer-2
CHARACTERS
CONTAINS [ integer-3 TO ] integer-4 CHARACTERS
IS VARYING IN SIZE
RECORD
[ [ FROM integer-5 ] [ TO integer-6 ] CHARACTERS ]
[ DEPENDING ON data-name-1 ]
RECORD IS STANDARD
LABEL
RECORDS ARE OMITTED
LABEL data-name-2
VALUE OF IS !
label-name-1 literal-1
RECORD IS
DATA { data-name-3 }!
RECORDS ARE
LINAGE IS data-name-4 LINES data-name-5
WITH FOOTING AT integer-8
integer-7
data-name-6 data-name-7
LINES AT TOP integer-9 LINES AT BOTTOM integer-10
[ CODE - SET IS alphabet-name-1 ] .
sort-merge-file-description-entry
SD file-name-1
CONTAINS [ integer-3 TO ] integer-4 CHARACTERS
IS VARYING IN SIZE
RECORD
[ [ FROM integer-5 ] [ TO integer-6 ] CHARACTERS ]
[ DEPENDING ON data-name-1 ]
RECORD IS
DATA RECORDS ARE { data-name-3 }! .
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 13
First Edition
Data Division General Format
record-description-entry
record-description-entry
{ data-description-entry-1 }!
77-level-description-entry
data-description-entry-2
data-description-entry
Format 1: Data-Name Full Declaration
data-name-1
level-number-1
FILLER
[ REDEFINES data-name-2 ]
[ IS EXTERNAL ]
[ IS GLOBAL ]
PICTURE
PIC IS character-string-1
BINARY [ ( integer-3 ) ]
COMPUTATIONAL
COMP
COMPUTATIONAL - 1
COMP - 1
COMPUTATIONAL - 3
COMP - 3
COMPUTATIONAL - 4 [ ( integer-3 ) ]
[ USAGE IS ] COMP - 4 [ ( integer-3 ) ]
COMPUTATIONAL - 5 [ ( integer-3 ) ]
COMP - 5 [ ( integer-3 ) ]
COMPUTATIO NAL - 6
COMP - 6
DISPLAY
INDEX
PACKED - DECIMAL
POINTER
(continued on next page)
14 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Data Division General Format
data-description-entry
(continued from previous page)
LEADING
[ SIGN IS ] TRAILING [ SEPARATE CHARACTER ]
OCCURS integer-2 TIMES
[ integer-1 TO ] integer-2 TIMES DEPENDING ON data-name-3
ASCENDING
KEY IS { data-name-4 }! !
DESCENDING
[ INDEXED BY { index-name-1 }! ]
SYNCHRONIZED LEFT
SYNC RIGHT
JUSTIFIED
JUST RIGHT
[ BLANK WHEN ZERO ]
[ VALUE IS literal-1 ] .
Format 2: Data-Name Renames
66 data-name-1
THROUGH
RENAMES data-name-2 THRU data-name-3 .
Format 3: Condition-Name Declaration
88 condition-name-1
THROUGH
literal-1 literal-2
VALUE IS THRU
!
VALUES ARE
relational-operator literal-1
[ WHEN SET TO FALSE IS literal-3 ].
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 15
First Edition
Data Division General Format
communication-description-entry
Format 4: Constant-Name Declaration
78 constant-name-1
literal-1
VALUE IS .
constant-expression-1
communication-description-entry
Format 1: Input CD
CD cd-name-1 FOR [ INITIAL ] INPUT
SYMBOLIC QUEUE IS data-name-1
SYMBOLIC SUB - QUEUE - 1 IS data-name-2
SYMBOLIC SUB - QUEUE - 2 IS data-name-3
SYMBOLIC SUB - QUEUE - 3 IS data-name-4
MESSAGE DATE IS data-name-5
MESSAGE TIME IS data-name-6
SYMBOLIC SOURCE IS data-name-7
.
TEXT LENGTH IS data-name-8
END KEY IS data-name-9
STATUS KEY IS data-name-10
MESSAGE COUNT IS data-name-11
data-name-1 data-name-2 data-name-3 data-name-4
data-name-5 data-name-6 data-name-7 data-name-8
data-name-9 data-name-10 data-name-11
Format 2: Output CD
CD cd-name-1 FOR OUTPUT
[ DESTINATION COUNT IS data-name-1 ]
[ TEXT LENGTH IS data-name-2 ]
[ STATUS KEY IS data-name-3 ]
DESTINATION TABLE OCCURS integer-1 TIMES
[ INDEXED BY { index-name-1 }! ]
[ ERROR KEY IS data-name-4 ]
[ SYMBOLIC DESTINATION IS data-name-5 ] .
16 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Data Division General Format
screen-description-entry
Format 3: Input-Output CD
CD cd-name-1 FOR [ INITIAL ] I - O
MESSAGE DATE IS data-name-1
MESSAGE TIME IS data-name-2
SYMBOLIC TERMINAL IS data-name-3
TEXT LENGTH IS data-name-4
END KEY IS data-name-5
.
STATUS KEY IS data-name-6
data-name-1 data-name-2 data-name-3 data-name-4
data-name-5 data-name-6
screen-description-entry
Format 1: Screen Group
screen-name-1
level-number-1
FILLER
BACKGROUND IS color-name-1
BACKGROUND - COLOR IS integer-1
FOREGROUND IS color-name-2
FOREGROUND - COLOR IS integer-2
[ [ USAGE IS ] DISPLAY ]
[ SIGN IS ] LEADING
TRAILING
[ SEPARATE CHARACTER ]
AUTO
AUTO - SKIP
[ SECURE ]
[ REQUIRED ]
[ FULL ] .
{ screen-description-entry-1 }!
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 17
First Edition
Data Division General Format
screen-description-entry
Format 2: Screen Literal
screen-name-1
level-number-1
FILLER
BELL
BEEP
SCREEN
BLANK
LINE
REMAINDER
[ BLINK ]
EOS
ERASE
EOL
SCREEN
[ NO ] HIGHLIGHT
LOWLIGHT
REVERSE
REVERSED
REVERSE - VIDEO
[ UNDERLINE ]
BACKGROUND IS color-name-1
BACKGROUND - COLOR IS integer-1
FOREGROUND IS color-name-2
FOREGROUND - COLOR IS integer-2
PLUS
NUMBER IS + integer-3
LINE
identifier-1
PLUS
COLUMN NUMBER IS + integer-4
COL
identifier-2
[ [ VALUE IS ] literal-1 ] .
18 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Data Division General Format
screen-description-entry
Format 3: Screen Field
screen-name-1
level-number-1
FILLER
BELL
BEEP
SCREEN
BLANK
LINE
REMAINDER
[ BLINK ]
EOS
ERASE
EOL
SCREEN
[ NO ] HIGHLIGHT
LOWLIGHT
REVERSE
REVERSED
REVERSE - VIDEO
[ UNDERLINE ]
BACKGROUND IS color-name-1
BACKGROUND - COLOR IS integer-1
FOREGROUND IS color-name-2
FOREGROUND - COLOR IS integer-2
PLUS
NUMBER IS + integer-3
LINE
identifier-1
PLUS
COLUMN NUMBER IS + integer-4
COL
identifier-2
identifier-7
FROM
PICTURE literal-1
PIC IS character-string-1
TO identifier-8
USING identifier-9
[ [ USAGE IS ] DISPLAY ]
[ BLANK WHEN ZERO ]
(continued on next page)
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 19
First Edition
Data Division General Format
screen-description-entry
(continued from previous page)
JUSTIFIED
JUST RIGHT
[ SIGN IS ] LEADING
TRAILING
[ SEPARATE CHARACTER ]
AUTO
AUTO - SKIP
[ SECURE ]
[ REQUIRED ]
[ FULL ] .
20 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Procedure Division General Formats
Procedure Division General Formats
Format 1: Declaratives or Sections
USING { data-name-1 }!
PROCEDURE DIVISION .
GIVING
RETURNING data-name-2
DECLARATIVES .
{ section-name-1 SECTION [ segment-number-1 ] .
USE-statement-1 .
[ paragraph-name-1 .
[ sentence-1 ]! ]! }!
END DECLARATIVES .
{ section-name-2 SECTION [ segment-number-2 ].
[ paragraph-name-2 .
[ sentence-2 ] ! ] ! }!
Format 2: Paragraphs
USING { data-name-1 }!
PROCEDURE DIVISION .
GIVING
RETURNING data-name-2
{ paragraph-name-3 .
[ sentence-3 ]! }!
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 21
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
ACCEPT Statement
General Formats for COBOL Statements
The following sections describe the formats for COBOL statements.
ACCEPT Statement
Format 1: Accept From System-Name
mnemonic-name-3
ACCEPT identifier-1 FROM [ END - ACCEPT ]
low-volume-I-O-name-1
Format 2: Accept From Implicit Definition
CENTURY - DATE
CENTURY - DAY
DATE [ YYYYMMDD ]
DATE - AND - TIME
DATE - COMPILED
ACCEPT identifier-2 FROM DAY [ YYYYDDD ] [ END - ACCEPT ]
DAY - AND - TIME
DAY - OF - WEEK
ESCAPE KEY
EXCEPTION STATUS
TIME
22 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
ACCEPT Statement
Format 3: Accept Terminal I-O
AUTO
AUTO - SKIP
BEEP
NO
BELL
BLINK
identifier-4
CONTROL
literal-3
CONVERT
identifier-5
CURSOR
literal-4
ECHO
EOL
ERASE
EOS
HIGH
HIGHLIGHT
LOW
LOWLIGHT
identifier-2
ACCEPT identifier-1 UNIT
literal-1
WITH
SECURE
!
OFF
identifier-6
LINE
literal-5
AT COLUMN
COL identifier-3
POSITION
literal-2
MODE IS BLOCK
CHARACTER IS identifier-10
PROMPT
CHARACTER IS literal-6
REVERSE
REVERSED
REVERSE - VIDEO
identifier-7
SIZE
literal-7
TAB
identifier-8
BEFORE TIME
literal-8
UPDATE
ON EXCEPTION [ identifier-9 ] imperative-statement-1
ESCAPE NEXT SENTENCE
EXCEPTION
NOT ON imperative-statement-2 [ END - ACCEPT ]
ESCAPE
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 23
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
ADD Statement
Format 4: Accept Input CD Message Count
ACCEPT cd-name-1 MESSAGE COUNT [ END - ACCEPT ]
Format 5: Accept Screen-Name
identifier-1
LINE NUMBER integer-1
ACCEPT screen-name-1 AT
COLUMN identifier-2
COL NUMBER integer-2
EXCEPTION
ON ESCAPE imperative-statement-1
EXCEPTION
NOT ON ESCAPE imperative-statement-2
[ END - ACCEPT ]
ADD Statement
Format 1: Add…To
identifier-1
ADD ! TO { identifier-2 [ ROUNDED ] }!
literal-1
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - ADD ]
Format 2: Add…Giving
identifier-1 identifier-2
ADD ! TO literal-2 !
literal-1
GIVING { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - ADD ]
24 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
ALTER Statement
Format 3: Add Corresponding
CORRESPONDING
ADD identifier-1 TO identifier-2 [ ROUNDED ]
CORR
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - ADD ]
ALTER Statement
ALTER { procedure-name-1 TO [ PROCEED TO ] procedure-name-2 } !
CALL Statement
Format 1: Call…On Overflow
identifier-2
[ BY REFERENCE ] OMITTED !
identifier-2
USING BY CONTENT literal-2 ! !
OMITTED
identifier-1
CALL identifier-2
literal-1
literal-2 !
OMITTED
GIVING
RETURNING identifier-3
[ ON OVERFLOW imperative-statement-1 ]
[ END - CALL ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 25
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
CALL PROGRAM Statement
Format 2: Call…On Exception
identifier-2
[ BY REFERENCE ] OMITTED !
identifier-2
USING BY CONTENT literal-2 ! !
OMITTED
identifier-1
CALL
literal-1
identifier-2
literal-2 !
OMITTED
GIVING
RETURNING identifier-3
[ ON EXCEPTION imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON EXCEPTION imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - CALL ]
CALL PROGRAM Statement
identifier-2
identifier-1 USING
CALL PROGRAM literal-2 !
literal-1 OMITTED
[ ON EXCEPTION imperative-statement-1 ]
[ END - CALL ]
CANCEL Statement
identifier-1
CANCEL !
literal-1
CLOSE Statement
REEL WITH NO REWIND
UNIT FOR REMOVAL
CLOSE file-name-1 !
NO REWIND
WITH
LOCK
26 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
COMPUTE Statement
COMPUTE Statement
COMPUTE { identifier-1 [ ROUNDED ] } ! = arithmetic-expression-1
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - COMPUTE ]
CONTINUE Statement
CONTINUE
DELETE Statement
DELETE file-name-1 RECORD
[ INVALID KEY imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT INVALID KEY imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DELETE ]
DELETE FILE Statement
DELETE FILE { file-name-2 }! [ END - DELETE ]
DISABLE Statement
INPUT [ TERMINAL ]
I - O TERMINAL identifier-1
DISABLE cd-name-1 WITH KEY literal-1
OUTPUT
TERMINAL
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 27
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
DISPLAY Statement
DISPLAY Statement
Format 1: Display Upon System-Name
identifier-1 mnemonic-name-3
DISPLAY ! UPON low-volume-I-O-name-1
literal-1
[ WITH NO ADVANCING ]
Format 2: Display Terminal I-O
BEEP
BELL
BLINK
identifier-4
CONTROL
literal-4
CONVERT
EOL
ERASE
EOS
HIGH
HIGHLIGHT
LOW
identifier-2
DISPLAY
identifier-1
UNIT
literal-2
WITH
LOWLIGHT
!
literal-1
identifier-5
LINE
literal-5
AT COLUMN
COL identifier-3
POSITION
literal-3
MODE IS BLOCK
REVERSE
REVERSED
REVERSE - VIDEO
identifier-6
SIZE
literal-6
Format 3: Display Screen-Name
identifier-1
LINE NUMBER integer-1
DISPLAY screen-name-1 AT !
COLUMN identifier-2
COL NUMBER integer-2
28 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
DIVIDE Statement
DIVIDE Statement
Format 1: Divide…Into
identifier-1
DIVIDE INTO { identifier-2 [ ROUNDED ] }!
literal-1
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DIVIDE ]
Format 2: Divide…Into…Giving
identifier-1 identifier-2
DIVIDE INTO literal-2
literal-1
GIVING { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DIVIDE ]
Format 3: Divide…By…Giving
identifier-2 identifier-1
DIVIDE BY literal-1
literal-2
GIVING { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DIVIDE ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 29
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
ENABLE Statement
Format 4: Divide…Into…Giving…Remainder
identifier-1 identifier-2
DIVIDE INTO literal-2
literal-1
GIVING identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] REMAINDER identifier-4
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DIVIDE ]
Format 5: Divide…By…Giving…Remainder
identifier-2 identifier-1
DIVIDE BY literal-1
literal-2
GIVING identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] REMAINDER identifier-4
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - DIVIDE ]
ENABLE Statement
INPUT [ TERMINAL ]
identifier-1
cd-name-1 WITH KEY
I - O TERMINAL
ENABLE
OUTPUT literal-1
TERMINAL
ENTER Statement
ENTER language-name-1 [ routine-name-1 ]
30 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
EVALUATE Statement
EVALUATE Statement
identifier-1 identifier-2
literal-1 literal-2
EVALUATE expression-1 ALSO expression-2 !
TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE
ANY
condition-1
TRUE
WHEN FALSE
identifier-3 identifier-4
[ NOT ] literal-3
THROUGH
THRU literal-4
arithmetic-expression-1 arithmetic-expression-2
ANY
condition-2
TRUE
ALSO ! !
FALSE
identifier-5 identifier-6
[ NOT ] literal-5
THROUGH
THRU literal-6
arithmetic-expression-3 arithmetic-expression-4
imperative-statement-1 !
[ WHEN OTHER imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - EVALUATE ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 31
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
EXIT Statement
EXIT Statement
Format 1: Exit Paragraph
EXIT
Format 2: Exit Program
EXIT PROGRAM
Format 3: Exit In-Line Perform
EXIT PERFORM [ CYCLE ]
Format 4: Exit Paragraph or Section
PARAGRAPH
EXIT
SECTION
GOBACK Statement
GOBACK
GO TO Statement
Format 1: Go To (Alterable)
GO TO [ procedure-name-1 ]
Format 2: Go To (Non-Alterable)
GO TO procedure-name-1
Format 3: Go To…Depending On
GO TO { procedure-name-1 }! DEPENDING ON identifier-1
32 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
IF Statement
IF Statement
statement-1
IF condition-1 THEN
NEXT SENTENCE
statement-2
ELSE NEXT SENTENCE
[ END - IF ]
INITIALIZE Statement
INITIALIZE { identifier-1 }! [ WITH FILLER ]
ALL
category-name TO VALUE
identifier-2
THEN REPLACING category-name DATA BY literal-1 !
[ THEN TO DEFAULT ]
where category name is:
ALPHABETIC
ALPHANUMERIC
ALPHANUMERIC - EDITED
DATA - POINTER
NUMERIC
NUMERIC - EDITED
INSPECT Statement
Format 1: Inspect…Tallying
INSPECT identifier-1 TALLYING
BEFORE identifier-4
CHARACTERS
AFTER
INITIAL !
literal-2
identifier-2 FOR ! !
ALL identifier-3 BEFORE identifier-4
LEADING literal-1 AFTER INITIAL literal-2 !!
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 33
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
MERGE Statement
Format 2: Inspect…Replacing
INSPECT identifier-1 REPLACING
identifier-5 BEFORE identifier-4
CHARACTERS BY AFTER INITIAL literal-2 !
literal-3
ALL !
LEADING identifier-3 BY identifier-5 BEFORE INITIAL identifier-4
! !
literal-1 literal-3 AFTER literal-2
FIRST
Format 3: Inspect…Tallying…Replacing
INSPECT identifier-1 TALLYING
BEFORE identifier-4
CHARACTERS INITIAL literal-2 !
AFTER
identifier-2 FOR ! !
identifier-3 identifier-4
ALL BEFORE
LEADING literal-1 AFTER INITIAL literal-2 ! !
REPLACING
identifier-5 BEFORE identifier-4
CHARACTERS BY INITIAL literal-2 !
literal-3 AFTER
ALL !
LEADING identifier-3 BY identifier-5 BEFORE INITIAL identifier-4 ! !
literal-1 literal-3 AFTER literal-2
FIRST
Format 4: Inspect…Converting
INSPECT identifier-1 CONVERTING
identifier-6 identifier-7 BEFORE identifier-4
literal-4 TO literal-5 AFTER INITIAL literal-2 !
MERGE Statement
ASCENDING
MERGE file-name-1 ON KEY { data-name-1 }! !
DESCENDING
[ COLLATING SEQUENCE IS alphabet-name-1 ]
USING file-name-2 { file-name-3 }!
THROUGH
OUTPUT PROCEDURE IS procedure-name-1 THRU procedure-name-2
GIVING { file-name-4}!
34 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
MOVE Statement
MOVE Statement
Format 1: Move…To
identifier-1
MOVE TO { identifier-2 }!
literal-1
Format 2: Move Corresponding
CORRESPONDING
MOVE identifier-1 TO { identifier-2 }!
CORR
MULTIPLY Statement
Format 1: Multiply…By
identifier-1
MULTIPLY BY { identifier-2 [ ROUNDED ] }!
literal-1
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - MULTIPLY ]
Format 2: Multiply…Giving
identifier-1 identifier-2
MULTIPLY BY literal-2
literal-1
GIVING { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - MULTIPLY ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 35
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
OPEN Statement
OPEN Statement
OPEN [ EXCLUSIVE ]
REVERSED
INPUT file-name-1 [ WITH LOCK ] WITH NO REWIND !
OUTPUT { file-name-2 [ WITH LOCK ] [ WITH NO REWIND ] }!
!
I - O { file-name-3 [ WITH LOCK ] }!
EXTEND { file-name-4 [ WITH LOCK ] }!
PERFORM Statement
Format 1: Perform (Once)
THROUGH
PERFORM procedure-name-1 procedure-name-2
THRU
[ imperative-statement-1 END - PERFORM ]
Format 2: Perform…Times
THROUGH
PERFORM procedure-name-1 procedure-name-2
THRU
identifier-1
integer-1 TIMES
[ imperative-statement-1 END - PERFORM ]
Format 3: Perform…Until
THROUGH
PERFORM procedure-name-1 procedure-name-2
THRU
BEFORE
WITH TEST AFTER UNTIL condition-1
[ imperative-statement-1 END - PERFORM ]
36 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
PURGE Statement
Format 4: Perform…Varying
THROUGH
PERFORM procedure-name-1 procedure-name-2
THRU
BEFORE
WITH TEST AFTER
identifier-3
identifier-2 identifier-4
VARYING FROM index-name-2 BY literal-2
index-name-1 literal-1
UNTIL condition-1
identifier-6
identifier-5 identifier-7
AFTER index-name-3 FROM index-name-4 BY literal-4
literal-3
UNTIL condition-2 !
[ imperative-statement-1 END - PERFORM ]
PURGE Statement
PURGE cd-name-1
READ Statement
Format 1: Read Sequential Access
NEXT WITH [ NO ] LOCK
READ file-name-1 RECORD
PREVIOUS INTO identifier-1
[ AT END imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT AT END imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - READ ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 37
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
RECEIVE Statement
Format 2: Read Random Access
WITH [ NO ] LOCK
READ file-name-1 RECORD
INTO identifier-1
data-name-1
KEY IS split-key-name-1
[ INVALID KEY imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT INVALID KEY imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - READ ]
RECEIVE Statement
MESSAGE
RECEIVE cd-name-1 INTO identifier-1
SEGMENT
[ NO DATA imperative-statement-1 ]
[ WITH DATA imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - RECEIVE ]
RELEASE Statement
identifier-1
RELEASE record-name-1 FROM
literal-1
RETURN Statement
RETURN file-name-1 RECORD [ INTO identifier-1 ]
[ AT END imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT AT END imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - RETURN ]
38 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
REWRITE Statement
REWRITE Statement
identifier-1
REWRITE record-name-1 FROM
literal-1
[ INVALID KEY imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT INVALID KEY imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - REWRITE ]
SEARCH Statement
Format 1: Search (Serial)
identifier-2
SEARCH identifier-1 VARYING
index-name-1
[ AT END imperative-statement-1 ]
imperative-statement-2
WHEN condition-1 NEXT SENTENCE !
[ END - SEARCH ]
Format 2: Search All (Binary)
SEARCH ALL identifier-1
[ AT END imperative-statement-1 ]
identifier-3
data-name-1 IS EQUAL TO literal-1
WHEN =
IS arithmetic-expression-1
condition-name-1
identifier-4
data-name-2 IS EQUAL TO literal-2
AND !
IS = arithmetic-expression-2
condition-name-2
imperative-statement-2
NEXT SENTENCE
[ END - SEARCH ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 39
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
SEND Statement
SEND Statement
Format 1: Send (Simple)
identifier-1
SEND cd-name-1 FROM
literal-1
Format 2: Send (Advancing/Replacing)
identifier-2
identifier-1 ESI
SEND cd-name-1 FROM WITH
literal-1
EMI
EGI
identifier-3 LINE
integer-1 LINES
BEFORE
AFTER ADVANCING
mnemonic-name-2
PAGE
[ REPLACING LINE ]
SET Statement
Format 1: Set Index
index-name-2
index-name-1
SET ! TO identifier-2 !
identifier-1
integer-1
Format 2: Set Index Up/Down
UP identifier-3
SET { index-name-3 } ! BY integer-2 !
DOWN
Format 3: Set Switch On/Off
ON
SET { mnemonic-name-1 } ! TO !
OFF
40 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
SORT Statement
Format 4: Set Condition-Name True/False
TRUE
SET { condition-name-1 } ! TO !
FALSE
Format 5: Set Pointer
IN
IN ADDRESS OF identifier-5
ADDRESS data-name-1
SET OF ! TO identifier-6 !
identifier-4 NULL
NULLS
Format 6: Set Pointer Up/Down
identifier-7
IN
ADDRESS data-name-1 UP
SET OF ! DOWN BY integer-3 !
identifier-4 IN
LENGTH OF identifier-8
SORT Statement
ASCENDING
SORT file-name-1 ON KEY { data-name-1 }! !
DESCENDING
[ WITH DUPLICATES IN ORDER ]
[ COLLATING SEQUENCE IS alphabet-name-1 ]
THROUGH
INPUT PROCEDURE IS procedure-name-1 THRU procedure-name-2
USING { file-name-2 }!
THROUGH
OUTPUT PROCEDURE IS procedure-name-3 procedure-name-4
THRU
GIVING { file-name-3 }!
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 41
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
START Statement
START Statement
IS [ NOT ] LESS THAN
IS [ NOT ] <
IS EQUAL TO
IS =
IS [ NOT ] GREATER THAN
KEY
IS [ NOT ] > data-name-1
START file-name-1
IS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO split-key-name-1
IS
>=
IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO
IS <=
IS FIRST
IS LAST
identifier-1
WITH SIZE
integer-1
[ INVALID KEY imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT INVALID KEY imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - START ]
STOP Statement
identifier-1
RUN
integer-1
STOP
identifier-2
literal-1
42 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
STRING Statement
STRING Statement
identifier-2
identifier-1
STRING ! DELIMITED BY literal-2 !
literal-1 SIZE
INTO identifier-3
[ WITH POINTER identifier-4 ]
[ ON OVERFLOW imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON OVERFLOW imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - STRING ]
SUBTRACT Statement
Format 1: Subtract…From
identifier-1
SUBTRACT ! FROM { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
literal-1
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - SUBTRACT ]
Format 2: Subtract…Giving
identifier-1 identifier-2
SUBTRACT ! FROM literal-2
literal-1
GIVING { identifier-3 [ ROUNDED ] }!
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - SUBTRACT ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 43
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
UNLOCK Statement
Format 3: Subtract Corresponding
CORRESPONDING
SUBTRACT identifier-1 FROM identifier-2 [ ROUNDED ]
CORR
[ ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON SIZE ERROR imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - SUBTRACT ]
UNLOCK Statement
RECORD
UNLOCK file-name-1
RECORDS
UNSTRING Statement
UNSTRING identifier-1
identifier-2 identifier-3
DELIMITED BY [ ALL ] literal-1 OR [ ALL ] literal-2 !
INTO { identifier-4 [ DELIMITER IN identifier-5 ] [ COUNT IN identifier-6 ] }!
[ WITH POINTER identifier-7 ]
[ TALLYING IN identifier-8 ]
[ ON OVERFLOW imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT ON OVERFLOW imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - UNSTRING ]
USE Statement
EXCEPTION
USE [ GLOBAL ] AFTER STANDARD
ERROR
{ file-name-1 }!
INPUT
PROCEDURE ON OUTPUT
I-O
EXTEND
44 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for COBOL Statements
WRITE Statement
WRITE Statement
Format 1: Write Sequential File
identifier-1
WRITE record-name-1 FROM
literal-1
identifier-2 LINE
integer-1 LINES
BEFORE identifier-3
AFTER ADVANCING TO LINE integer-2 [ ON NEXT PAGE ]
mnemonic-name-2
PAGE
END - OF - PAGE
AT EOP imperative-statement-1
END - OF - PAGE
NOT AT EOP imperative-statement-2
[ END - WRITE ]
Format 2: Write Relative and Indexed File
identifier-1
WRITE record-name-1 FROM
literal-1
[ INVALID KEY imperative-statement-1 ]
[ NOT INVALID KEY imperative-statement-2 ]
[ END - WRITE ]
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 45
First Edition
General Format for END PROGRAM Header
General Format for END PROGRAM Header
program-name-1
END PROGRAM .
literal-1
General Formats for COPY and REPLACE
Statements
text-name-1 IN library-name-1
COPY [ SUPPRESS PRINTING ]
literal-1 OF literal-2
= = pseudo-text-1 = = = = pseudo-text-2 = =
identifier-1 identifier-2
REPLACING BY !
literal-3 literal-4
word-1 word-2
Format 1: Begin or Change Replacement
REPLACE { = = pseudo-text-1 = = BY = = pseudo-text-2 = = }!
Format 2: End Replacement
REPLACE OFF
46 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for Conditions
Relation Condition
General Formats for Conditions
Relation Condition
identifier-1 identifier-2
literal-1 literal-2
arithmetic-expression-1 relational-operator arithmetic-expression-2
index-name-1 index-name-2
where the general format for the relational-operator is:
IS [ NOT ] GREATER THAN
IS
[ NOT ] >
IS [ NOT ] LESS THAN
IS [ NOT ] <
IS
[ NOT ] EQUAL TO
IS [ NOT ] =
IS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
IS >=
IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO
IS <=
RIGHT
TRIMMED
LEFT
IS [ NOT ] LIKE
CASE - INSENSITIVE
CASE - SENSITIVE
LIKE Condition (Special Case of a Relation Condition)
RIGHT
TRIMMED
identifier-1 LEFT identifier-2
IS [ NOT ] LIKE
literal-1 CASE - INSENSITIVE literal-2
CASE - SENSITIVE
Class Condition
NUMERIC
ALPHABETIC
identifier-1 IS [ NOT ] ALPHABETIC - LOWER
ALPHABETIC - UPPER
class-name-1
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 47
First Edition
General Formats for Conditions
Sign Condition
Sign Condition
POSITIVE
arithmetic-expression-1 IS [ NOT ] NEGATIVE
ZERO
Condition-Name Condition
condition-name-1
Switch-Status Condition
condition-name-2
Negated Condition
NOT condition-1
Combined Condition
AND
condition-2 condition-3 !
OR
Abbreviated Combined Relation Condition
AND
relation-condition-1 [ NOT ] [ relational-operator ] object-1 !
OR
48 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Formats for Qualification
General Formats for Qualification
Format 1: Qualification for Data-Names and Condition-Names
IN IN file-name-1
OF data-name-2 ! OF cd-name-1
data-name-1
condition-name-1
IN file-name-1
OF cd-name-1
Format 2: Qualification for LINAGE-COUNTER
IN
LINAGE - COUNTER file-name-2
OF
Format 3: Qualification for Screen-Names
IN
screen-name-1 screen-name-2 !
OF
Format 4: Qualification for Split-Key-Names
IN
split-key-name-1 file-name-3
OF
Format 5: Qualification for Paragraph Names
IN
paragraph-name-1 section-name-1
OF
Format 6: Qualification for Text-Names (COPY Statement)
IN
text-name-1 library-name-1
OF
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 49
First Edition
Miscellaneous Formats
Sentence
Miscellaneous Formats
Sentence
statement-sequence-1 .
Statement Sequence
imperative-statement-2
{ imperative-statement-1 THEN }!
conditional-statement-1
Subscripting
integer-1
data-name-1
condition-name-1 data-name-2 + integer-2
( ! )
index-name-1 −
Reference Modification
data-name-1 ( leftmost-character-position-1 : [ length-1 ] )
Identifier
IN IN file-name-1
data-name-1 data-name-2 ! OF cd-name-1
OF
[ ( { subscript-1 }! ) ] [ ( leftmost-character-position-1 : [ length-1 ] ) ]
50 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Miscellaneous Formats
Special Registers
Special Registers
IN
ADDRESS identifier-1
OF
IN
COUNT data-name-1
OF
IN
COUNT - MAX data-name-1
OF
IN
COUNT - MIN data-name-1
OF
IN identifier-1
LENGTH
OF literal-1
IN
LINAGE - COUNTER file-name-1
OF
PROGRAM - ID
RETURN - CODE
WHEN - COMPILED
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 51
First Edition
Miscellaneous Formats
Figurative-Constants
Figurative-Constants
[ ALL ] HIGH - VALUE
[ ALL ] HIGH - VALUES
[ ALL ] LOW - VALUE
[ ALL ] LOW - VALUES
[ ALL ] NULL
[ ALL ] NULLS
[ ALL ] QUOTE
[ ALL ] QUOTES
[ ALL ] SPACE
[ ALL ] SPACES
[ ALL ] ZERO
[ ALL ] ZEROES
[ ALL ] ZEROS
ALL literal-1
[ ALL ] symbolic-character-1
Concatenation Expression
literal-1 & literal-2
Constant-Expression
integer-1 integer-2
NEXT NEXT
+
LENGTH −
data-name-4
LENGTH
data-name-5
OF literal-4 * OF
SIZE SIZE literal-5
[ NOT ]
/
** [ NOT
]
!
START OF data-name-6 START OF data-name-7
AND
OR
DATE - COMPILED EXCLUSIVE OR DATE - COMPILED
( constant-expression-2 ) ( constant-expression-3 )
52 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
General Format for Nested Source Programs
General Format for Nested Source Programs
IDENTIFICATION
ID DIVISION .
program-name-1
PROGRAM - ID . [ IS INITIAL PROGRAM ].
literal-1
[ ENVIRONMENT DIVISION . environment-division-content-1 ]
[ DATA DIVISION . data-division-content-1 ]
[ PROCEDURE DIVISION . procedure-division-content-1 ]
[ nested-source-program-1 ]!
program-name-1
END PROGRAM
literal-1 .
General Format for nested-source-program
IDENTIFICATION
ID DIVISION .
program-name-2 COMMON
PROGRAM - ID . IS INITIAL PROGRAM .
literal-2
[ ENVIRONMENT DIVISION . environment-division-content-2 ]
[ DATA DIVISION . data-division-content-2 ]
[ PROCEDURE DIVISION . procedure-division-content-2 ]
[ nested-source-program-2 ]!
program-name-2
END PROGRAM
literal-2 .
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 53
First Edition
General Format for a Sequence of Source Programs
General Format for a Sequence of Source Programs
IDENTIFICATION
ID DIVISION .
program-name-3
PROGRAM - ID . [ IS INITIAL PROGRAM ].
literal-3
[ ENVIRONMENT DIVISION . environment-division-content-3 ]
[ DATA DIVISION . data-division-content-3 ]
[ PROCEDURE DIVISION . procedure-division-content-3 ]
[ nested-source-program-3 ]!
program-name-3
END PROGRAM . !
literal-3
IDENTIFICATION
ID DIVISION .
program-name-4
PROGRAM - ID . [ IS INITIAL PROGRAM ].
literal-4
[ ENVIRONMENT DIVISION . environment-division-content-4 ]
[ DATA DIVISION . data-division-content-4 ]
[ PROCEDURE DIVISION . procedure-division-content-4 ]
[ nested-source-program-4 ]!
program-name-4
END PROGRAM literal-4
.
54 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
PICTURE Clause
PICTURE Character-Strings
PICTURE Clause
The PICTURE clause describes a data item with a character-string composed of symbols.
PICTURE Character-Strings
The five categories of data that can be described with a PICTURE clause 1 are defined as
follows:
1. Alphabetic. Its PICTURE character-string can contain only the symbol A. The contents
of an alphabetic data item when represented in standard data format must be one or more
alphabetic characters (“a” through “z”, “A” through “Z”, and space).
2. Alphanumeric. Its PICTURE character-string is restricted to certain combinations of the
symbols A, X and 9, and the item is treated as if the character-string contained all
symbols X. The PICTURE character-string must contain at least one symbol X or a
combination of the symbols A and 9. A PICTURE character-string that contains all
symbols A or all symbols 9 does not define an alphanumeric data item, since such
character-strings define an alphabetic or numeric data item, respectively. The contents of
an alphanumeric data item when represented in standard data format must be one or more
characters in the character set of the computer.
3. Alphanumeric edited. Its PICTURE character-string is restricted to certain
combinations of the following symbols: A, X, 9, B, 0, and slash (/). The PICTURE
character-string must contain at least one symbol A or X and at least one symbol B, 0, or
slash (/). The contents of an alphanumeric edited data item when represented in standard
data format must be two or more characters in the character set of the computer.
4. Numeric. Its PICTURE character-string can contain only the symbols 9, P, S, and V. Its
PICTURE character-string must contain at least one symbol 9 and not more than thirty
symbols 9. Each symbol 9 specifies a digit position. If unsigned, the contents of a
numeric data item when represented in standard data format must be one or more numeric
characters. If signed, a numeric data item may also contain a “+”, “–”, or other
representation of an operational sign. The actual in-memory contents of a numeric data
item are not standard data format when the usage is other than DISPLAY as specified by
a USAGE clause applicable to the data description entry or when the data item is signed
and the SEPARATE CHARACTER phrase is not specified in a SIGN clause applicable
to the data description entry.
5. Numeric edited. Its PICTURE character-string is restricted to certain combinations of
the following symbols: B, slash (/), P, V, Z, 0, 9, comma (,), period (.), asterisk (*),
minus (–), plus (+), CR, DB, and the currency symbol (the symbol $ or the symbol
specified in the CURRENCY SIGN clause of the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph). The
allowable combinations are determined from the order of precedence of symbols (see
Table 1 on page 59) and the editing rules. The number of digit positions that can be
represented in the PICTURE character-string must range from one to thirty, inclusive.
The character-string must contain at least one symbol 0, B, slash, Z, asterisk, plus, minus,
comma, period, CR, DB, or the currency symbol. The contents of each of the character
positions in a numeric edited data item must be consistent with the corresponding
PICTURE symbol.
1
The additional data categories, index data and data pointer, also exist but do not use a PICTURE clause in their data description
entry. An index data item is described with the USAGE IS INDEX clause. A data pointer data item is described with the
USAGE IS POINTER clause.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 55
First Edition
PICTURE Clause
PICTURE Symbols
PICTURE Symbols
The functions of the symbols used in a PICTURE character-string to describe an elementary
data item are as follows:
A Each symbol A in the character-string represents a character position that can contain
only an alphabetic character (“a” through “z”, “A” through “Z”, and space). Each
symbol A is counted in the size of the data item described by the PICTURE
character-string.
B Each symbol B in the character-string represents a character position into which the
character space will be inserted when the data item is the receiving item of an
elementary MOVE statement. Each symbol B is counted in the size of the data item
described by the PICTURE character-string.
P Each symbol P in the character-string indicates an assumed decimal scaling position
and is used to specify the location of an assumed decimal point when the point is not
within the number that appears in the data item. The scaling position symbol P is not
counted in the size of the data item described by the PICTURE character-string, but
each symbol P is counted in determining the maximum number (30) of digit
positions in numeric and numeric edited data items. The symbol P may appear only
as a contiguous string in the leftmost or rightmost digit positions within a PICTURE
character-string. Since the scaling position symbol P implies an assumed decimal
point (to the left of the symbols P if they are the leftmost digit positions and to the
right of the symbols P if they are the rightmost digit positions), the assumed decimal
point symbol V is redundant either to the left or right of the symbols P, respectively,
within such a PICTURE character-string. The symbol P and the insertion symbol
period (.) cannot both occur in the same PICTURE character-string.
S The symbol S is used in the character-string to indicate the presence, but neither the
representation nor, necessarily, the position of an operational sign. The symbol S
must be written as the leftmost character in the PICTURE character-string. The
symbol S is not counted in determining the size (in terms of standard data format
characters) of the data item described by the PICTURE character-string unless the
entry contains or is subject to a SIGN clause that specifies the SEPARATE
CHARACTER phrase. The symbol S in the PICTURE character-string and the
BLANK WHEN ZERO clause may not occur in the same data description entry.
V The symbol V is used in a character-string to indicate the location of the assumed
decimal point and may appear only once in any single PICTURE character-string.
The symbol V does not represent a character position and, therefore, is not counted in
the size of the data item described by the PICTURE character-string. When the
assumed decimal point is to the right of the rightmost symbol in the string
representing a digit position or scaling position, or is to the left of scaling positions
that represent the leftmost digit positions, the symbol V is redundant. The symbol V
and the insertion symbol period (.) cannot both occur in the same PICTURE
character-string.
X Each symbol X in the character-string is used to represent a character position that
contains any allowable character from the character set of the computer. Each
symbol X is counted in the size of the data item described by the PICTURE
character-string.
56 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
PICTURE Clause
PICTURE Symbols
Z Each symbol Z in a character-string may only be used to represent the leftmost
leading numeric character positions that will be replaced by space characters when
the contents of those character positions are leading zeroes and the data item is the
receiving item of an elementary MOVE statement. Each symbol Z is counted in the
size of the item described by the PICTURE character-string and in determining the
maximum number (30) of digit positions allowed in a numeric edited data item. If
the symbol Z is used to the right of the decimal point in a character-string, then
all digit positions in that character-string must be described with the symbol Z.
If the symbol Z represents all the digit-positions in the character-string, then the
described data item is blank when zero, even if the BLANK WHEN ZERO clause
is not specified.
9 Each symbol 9 in the character-string represents a character position that contains a
numeric character. Each symbol 9 is counted in the size of the item described by the
PICTURE character-string and in determining the maximum number (30) of digit
positions in a numeric or numeric edited data item.
0 Each symbol 0 in the character-string represents a character position into which the
character zero (“0”) will be inserted when the data item is the receiving item of an
elementary MOVE statement and removed when a numeric edited data item is the
sending item in an elementary MOVE statement with a numeric or numeric edited
receiving data item. Each symbol 0 is counted in the size of the data item described
by the PICTURE character-string. The symbol 0 does not represent a digit position
in a numeric edited data item.
/ Each symbol slash (/) in the character-string represents a character position into
which a character slash (“/”) will be inserted when the data item is the receiving item
of an elementary MOVE statement. Each symbol slash (/) is counted in the size of
the data item described by the PICTURE character-string.
, Each symbol comma (,) in the character-string represents a character position into
which a character comma (“,”) will be inserted when the data item is the receiving
item of an elementary MOVE statement. Each symbol comma (,) is counted in the
size of the data item described by the PICTURE character-string.
. When the symbol period (.) appears in the character-string, it is an editing symbol
that represents the decimal point for alignment purposes and, in addition, represents a
character position into which the character period (“.”) will be inserted. The symbol
period is counted in the size of the data item described by the PICTURE character-
string. The symbols P and V cannot occur with a symbol period (.) in the same
PICTURE character-string.
Note For a given program the functions of the period and comma are exchanged if the
DECIMAL-POINT IS COMMA clause is stated in the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph. In
this exchange, the rules for the period apply to the comma and the rules for the comma
apply to the period wherever they appear in a PICTURE character-string.
+, –, CR, DB
These symbols are used as editing sign control symbols. When used, they represent
the character position into which the editing sign control symbol will be placed. The
symbols are mutually exclusive in any one PICTURE character-string and each
character used in the symbol is counted in determining the size of the data item
described by the PICTURE character-string. If the symbols plus or minus occur
more than once (a floating sign control symbol), then one less than the total number
of these symbols is counted in determining the maximum number (30) of digit
positions allowed in a numeric edited data item. If a floating symbol plus or minus is
used to the right of the decimal point in a character-string, then all digit positions in
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 57
First Edition
PICTURE Clause
PICTURE Symbols
that character-string must be described with the symbol plus or minus, respectively.
If a floating plus or minus symbol string represents all the digit-positions in the
character-string, then the described data item is blank when zero, even if the BLANK
WHEN ZERO clause is not specified.
* Each symbol asterisk (*) in the character-string represents a leading numeric
character position into which a character asterisk (“*”) will be placed when that
position contains a leading zero and the data item is the receiving item of an
elementary MOVE statement. Each symbol asterisk (*) is counted in the size of the
data item described by the PICTURE character-string and in determining the
maximum number (30) of digit positions allowed in a numeric edited data item. If
the symbol asterisk (*) is used to the right of the decimal point in a character-string,
then all digit positions in that character-string must be described with the symbol
asterisk (*). The symbol asterisk in the PICTURE character-string and the BLANK
WHEN ZERO clause may not occur in the same data description entry. If the
symbol asterisk represents all the digit-positions in the character-string, then, when
zero, the described data item is all asterisks (ALL “*”), except that, if the character-
string contains the symbol period (.), a character period (“.”) will occur at the
specified location in the data item.
cs The currency symbol in a character-string is represented either by the currency sign
(the symbol $) or by the single character specified in the CURRENCY SIGN clause
in the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph. The currency symbol in the character-string
represents a character position into which a currency symbol is to be placed when the
data item is the receiving item of an elementary MOVE statement. Each currency
symbol is counted in the size of the data item described by the PICTURE character-
string. If the currency symbol occurs more than once (a floating currency symbol),
then one less than the total number of currency symbols is counted in determining the
maximum number (30) of digit positions allowed in a numeric edited data item. If
the currency symbol is used to the right of the decimal point in a character-string,
then all digit positions in that character-string must be described with the currency
symbol. If a floating currency symbol string represents all the digit-positions in the
character-string, then the described data item is blank when zero, even if the BLANK
WHEN ZERO clause is not specified.
58 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
PICTURE Clause
PICTURE Symbols
Table 1: PICTURE Symbol Precedence
First Non-floating Floating
Symbol Insertion Symbols Insertion Symbols Other Symbols
Second + + CR z z + + A
B 0 / , . − − DB CS * * − − CS CS 9 S V P P
Symbol X
B X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
0 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
/ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
, X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Insertion Symbols
Non-floating
. X X X X X X X X X X
+
−
+ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
−
CR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
DB
CS X
z X X X X X X X
*
z X X X X X X X X X X X
*
Insertion Symbols
Floating
+ X X X X X X
−
+ X X X X X X X X X
−
CS X X X X X X
CS X X X X X X X X X
9 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
A X X X X X
X
Other Symbols
V X X X X X X X X X X X X
P X X X X X X X X X X X X
P X X X X X
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 59
First Edition
Reserved Words
Reserved Words
The DERESERVE keyword of the COMPILER-OPTIONS configuration record, which is
described in Chapter 10: Configuration of the RM/COBOL User’s Guide, can be used to
make a reserved word a user-defined word whenever it occurs in the source program, but then
the language feature provided by the construct in which the word appears is not available for
programs compiled with that particular configuration setting.
A C
ACCEPT CALL
ACCESS CANCEL
ADD CD 2
ADDRESS 2 CENTURY-DATE 2
ADVANCING CENTURY-DAY 2
AFTER CF 2
ALL CH 2
ALPHABET 2 CHARACTER
ALPHABETIC CHARACTERS
ALPHABETIC-LOWER 2 CLASS 2
ALPHABETIC-UPPER 2 CLOCK-UNITS 2
ALPHANUMERIC 2 CLOSE
ALPHANUMERIC-EDITED 2 COBOL 2
ALSO 2 CODE 2
ALTER CODE-SET
ALTERNATE COL 2
AND COLLATING
ANY 2 COLUMN 2
ARE COMMA
AREA COMMON 2
AREAS COMMUNICATION 2
ASCENDING 2 COMP
ASSIGN COMP-1
AT COMP-3
AUTHOR COMP-4 2
COMP-5 2
B COMP-6
BEEP COMPUTATIONAL
BEFORE COMPUTATIONAL-1
BELL 2 COMPUTATIONAL-3
BINARY COMPUTATIONAL-4 2
BLANK COMPUTATIONAL-5 2
BLINK COMPUTATIONAL-6
BLOCK COMPUTE
BOTTOM 2 CONFIGURATION
BY CONTAINS
CONTENT 2
2
This word is not considered reserved if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0 compatibility option is present in the Compile Command
(see the RM/COBOL User's Guide for details on this option). In such cases, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
60 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Reserved Words
CONTINUE 2 E
CONTROL 2 ECHO
CONTROLS 2 EGI 2
CONVERT ELSE
CONVERTING 2 EMI 2
COPY ENABLE 2
CORR END
CORRESPONDING END-ACCEPT 2
COUNT 2 END-ADD 2
COUNT-MAX 2 END-CALL 2
COUNT-MIN 2 END-COMPUTE 2
CURRENCY END-DELETE 2
CURSOR 2 END-DIVIDE 2
END-EVALUATE 2
D END-IF 2
DATA END-MULTIPLY 2
DATA-POINTER 2 END-OF-PAGE 2
DATE END-PERFORM 2
DATE-AND-TIME 2 END-READ 2
DATE-COMPILED 2 END-RECEIVE 2
DATE-WRITTEN END-RETURN 2
DAY END-REWRITE 2
DAY-AND-TIME 2 END-SEARCH 2
DAY-OF-WEEK 2 END-START 2
DE 2 END-STRING 2
DEBUG-CONTENTS 2 END-SUBTRACT 2
DEBUG-ITEM 2 END-UNSTRING 2
DEBUG-LINE 2 END-WRITE 2
DEBUG-NAME 2 ENTER 2
DEBUG-SUB-1 2 ENVIRONMENT
DEBUG-SUB-2 2 EOP 2
DEBUG-SUB-3 2 EQUAL
DEBUGGING 2 ERASE
DECIMAL-POINT ERROR
DECLARATIVES ESCAPE 2
DEFAULT 2 ESI 2
DELETE EVALUATE 2
DELIMITED 2 EVERY 2
DELIMITER 2 EXCEPTION
DEPENDING EXCLUSIVE 2
DESCENDING 2 EXIT
DESTINATION 2 EXTEND
DETAIL 2 EXTERNAL 2
DISABLE 2
DISPLAY F
DIVIDE FALSE 2
DIVISION FD
DOWN FILE
DUPLICATES FILE-CONTROL
DYNAMIC FILLER
2
This word is not considered reserved if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0 compatibility option is present in the Compile Command
(see the RM/COBOL User's Guide for details on this option). In such cases, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 61
First Edition
Reserved Words
FINAL 2 K
FIRST KEY
FIXED 2
FOOTING 2 L
FOR LABEL
FROM LAST 2
FUNCTION 2 LEADING
LEFT
G LENGTH 2
GENERATE 2 LESS
GIVING LIKE 2
GLOBAL 2 LIMIT 2
GO LIMITS 2
GOBACK 2 LINAGE 2
GREATER LINAGE-COUNTER 2
GROUP 2 LINE
LINE-COUNTER 2
H LINES
HEADING 2 LINKAGE
HIGH LOCK
HIGH-VALUE LOW
HIGH-VALUES LOWLIGHT 2
HIGHLIGHT LOW-VALUE
LOW-VALUES
I
I-O M
I-O-CONTROL MEMORY
ID 2 MERGE 2
IDENTIFICATION MESSAGE 2
IF MODE
IN MODULES
INDEX MOVE
INDEXED MULTIPLY
INDICATE 2
INITIAL N
INITIALIZE 2 NATIVE
INITIATE 2 NEGATIVE 2
INPUT NEXT
INPUT-OUTPUT NO
INSPECT NOT
INSTALLATION NULL 2
INTO NULLS 2
INVALID NUMBER 2
IS NUMERIC
NUMERIC-EDITED 2
J
JUST
JUSTIFIED
2
This word is not considered reserved if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0 compatibility option is present in the Compile Command
(see the RM/COBOL User's Guide for details on this option). In such cases, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
62 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Reserved Words
O RECORDING 2
OBJECT-COMPUTER RECORDS
OCCURS REDEFINES
OF REEL
OFF REFERENCE 2
OMITTED REFERENCES 2
ON RELATIVE
OPEN RELEASE 2
OPTIONAL 2 REMAINDER
OR REMARKS 2
ORDER 2 REMOVAL 2
ORGANIZATION RENAMES
OTHER 2 REPLACE 2
OUTPUT REPLACING
OVERFLOW REPORT 2
REPORTING 2
P REPORTS 2
PACKED-DECIMAL 2 RERUN 2
PADDING 2 RESERVE
PAGE RESET 2
PAGE-COUNTER 2 RETURN 2
PERFORM RETURN-CODE 2
PF 2 RETURNING 2
PH 2 REVERSE
PIC REVERSE-VIDEO 2
PICTURE REVERSED 2
PLUS 2 REWIND
POINTER 2 REWRITE
POSITION RF 2
POSITIVE 2 RH 2
PRINTING 2 RIGHT
PROCEDURE ROUNDED
PROCEDURES 2 RUN
PROCEED
PROGRAM S
PROGRAM-ID SAME
PROMPT SCREEN 2
PURGE 2 SD 2
SEARCH 2
Q SECTION
QUEUE 2 SECURE 2
QUOTE SECURITY
QUOTES SEGMENT 2
SEGMENT-LIMIT 2
R SELECT
RANDOM SEND 2
RD 2 SENTENCE
READ SEPARATE
RECEIVE 2 SEQUENCE
RECORD SEQUENTIAL
2
This word is not considered reserved if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0 compatibility option is present in the Compile Command
(see the RM/COBOL User's Guide for details on this option). In such cases, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 63
First Edition
Reserved Words
SET THRU
SIGN TIME
SIZE TIMES
SORT 2 TO
SORT-MERGE 2 TOP 2
SOURCE 2 TRAILING
SOURCE-COMPUTER TRUE 2
SPACE TYPE 2
SPACES
SPECIAL-NAMES U
STANDARD UNIT
STANDARD-1 UNLOCK
STANDARD-2 2 UNSTRING 2
START UNTIL
STATUS UP
STOP UPDATE
STRING 2 UPON 2
SUB-QUEUE-1 2 USAGE
SUB-QUEUE-2 2 USE
SUB-QUEUE-3 2 USING
SUBTRACT
SUM 2 V
SUPPRESS 2 VALUE
SYMBOLIC 2 VALUES
SYNC VARIABLE 2
SYNCHRONIZED VARYING
T W
TAB WHEN
TABLE 2 WHEN-COMPILED 2
TALLYING WITH
TAPE 2 WORDS
TERMINAL 2 WORKING-STORAGE
TERMINATE 2 WRITE
TEST 2
TEXT 2 Z
THAN ZERO
THEN 2 ZEROES
THROUGH ZEROS
2
This word is not considered reserved if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0 compatibility option is present in the Compile Command
(see the RM/COBOL User's Guide for details on this option). In such cases, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
64 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Context-Sensitive Words
Context-Sensitive Words
The words listed in Table 2 are context-sensitive words and are reserved in the specified
language construct or context. If a context-sensitive word is used where the context-sensitive
word is permitted in the general format, the word is treated as a keyword; otherwise, it is
treated as a user-defined word.
Table 2: Context-Sensitive Words
Context-Sensitive Word Language Construct or Context
3
AUTO screen description entry
3
AUTO-SKIP screen description entry
ACCEPT statement
AUTOMATIC 3 LOCK MODE clause
BACKGROUND 3 screen description entry
3
BACKGROUND-COLOR screen description entry
CARD-PUNCH ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
CARD-READER ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
CASE-INSENSITIVE 3 LIKE relational-operator
3
CASE-SENSITIVE LIKE relational-operator
CASSETTE ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
CONSOLE ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
CONSOLE IS mnemonic-name clause in Special-Names
paragraph (low-volume-I-O-name)
CONSOLE IS CRT clause in Special-Names paragraph
CRT 3 CONSOLE IS CRT clause in Special-Names paragraph
CRT STATUS clause in Special-Names paragraph
CYCLE 3 EXIT statement (Format 3)
DISC ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
DISK ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
EOL ERASE clause in screen description entry and
ERASE phrase in ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements
EOS ERASE clause in screen description entry and
ERASE phrase in ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements
FOREGROUND 3 screen description entry
FOREGROUND-COLOR 3 screen description entry
3
FULL screen description entry
3
This word in is not considered to be a context-sensitive word if the RM/COBOL (74) 2.0
compatibility option is present in the Compile Command (see the RM/COBOL User’s Guide for
details on this option). When that option is present, this word is treated as a user-defined word
whenever it occurs in the source program.
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 65
First Edition
Context-Sensitive Words
Table 2: Context-Sensitive Words (Cont.)
Context-Sensitive Word Language Construct or Context
KEYBOARD ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
LISTING ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
MAGNETIC-TAPE ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
3
MANUAL LOCK MODE clause
3
MULTIPLE LOCK MODE clause and
I-O-CONTROL paragraph
PARAGRAPH 3 EXIT statement (Format 4)
3
PREVIOUS READ statement (Format 1)
PRINT ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
PRINTER ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
PRINTER-1 ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
3
REQUIRED screen description entry
SORT-WORK ASSIGN clause in file control entry (device-name)
3
TRIMMED LIKE relational-operator
3
UNDERLINE screen description entry
3
YYYYDDD FROM DAY phrase of ACCEPT statement (Format 2)
YYYYMMDD 3 FROM DATE phrase of ACCEPT statement (Format 2)
The DERESERVE keyword of the COMPILER-OPTIONS configuration record, which is
described in Chapter 10: Configuration of the RM/COBOL User’s Guide, can be used to
make a context-sensitive word a user-defined word whenever it occurs in the source program,
but then the language feature provided by the construct in which the word appears is not
available for programs compiled with that particular configuration setting.
66 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
Nonreserved System-Names
Code-Names
Nonreserved System-Names
Code-Names
EBCDIC
(Color-Integer) Color-Names
(0) BLACK
(1) BLUE
(2) GREEN
(3) CYAN
(4) RED
(5) MAGENTA
(6) BROWN
(7) WHITE
Computer-Names
user-defined-word-1
Delimiter-Names
BINARY-SEQUENTIAL
LINE-SEQUENTIAL
Device-Names
CARD-PUNCH
CARD-READER
CASSETTE
CONSOLE
DISC
DISK
KEYBOARD
LISTING
MAGNETIC-TAPE
PRINT
PRINTER
PRINTER-1
SORT-WORK
RM/COBOL Syntax Summary 67
First Edition
Nonreserved System-Names
Feature-Names
Feature-Names
C01
C02
C03
C04
C05
C06
C07
C08
C09
C10
C11
C12
Label-Names
FILE-ID
user-defined-word-2
Language-Names
user-defined-word-3
Low-Volume-I-O-Names
CONSOLE
SYSIN
SYSOUT
Rerun-Names
user-defined-word-4
Switch-Names
SWITCH-1 UPSI-0
SWITCH-2 UPSI-1
SWITCH-3 UPSI-2
SWITCH-4 UPSI-3
SWITCH-5 UPSI-4
SWITCH-6 UPSI-5
SWITCH-7 UPSI-6
SWITCH-8 UPSI-7
68 RM/COBOL Syntax Summary
First Edition
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