Lab Lab Configuring A Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel Configuring A Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
Lab Lab Configuring A Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel Configuring A Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
Version)
Instructor Note: Red font color or Gray highlights indicate text that appears in the instructor copy only.
Topology
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
Addressing Table
Objectives
Part 1: Configure Basic Device Settings
Part 2: Configure a GRE Tunnel
Part 3: Enable Routing over the GRE Tunnel
Background / Scenario
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is a tunneling protocol that can encapsulate a variety of network layer
protocols between two locations over a public network, such as the Internet.
GRE can be used with:
- Connecting IPv6 networks over IPv4 networks
- Multicast packets, such as OSPF, EIGRP, and streaming applications
In this lab, you will configure an unencrypted point-to-point GRE VPN tunnel and verify that network traffic is
using the tunnel. You will also configure the OSPF routing protocol inside the GRE VPN tunnel. The GRE
tunnel is between the WEST and EAST routers in OSPF area 0. The ISP has no knowledge of the GRE
tunnel. Communication between the WEST and EAST routers and the ISP is accomplished using default
static routes.
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with
Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). The switches used are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco
IOS Release 15.0(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used.
Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary
from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of this lab for the
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
Required Resources
3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.0(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
2 PCs (Windows 7, Vista, or XP with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
b. Configure the tunnel interface on the EAST router. Use S0/0/1 on EAST as the tunnel source interface
and 10.1.1.1 as the tunnel destination on the WEST router.
EAST(config)# interface tunnel 0
EAST(config-if)# ip address 172.16.12.2 255.255.255.252
EAST(config-if)# tunnel source 10.2.2.1
EAST(config-if)# tunnel destination 10.1.1.1
Note: For the tunnel source command, either the interface name or the IP address can be used as the
source.
b. Issue the show interfaces tunnel 0 command to verify the tunneling protocol, tunnel source, and tunnel
destination used in this tunnel.
What is the tunneling protocol used? What are the tunnel source and destination IP addresses associated
with GRE tunnel on each router?
____________________________________________________________________________________
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
____________________________________________________________________________________
The tunneling protocol used is GRE. For the WEST router, the tunnel source is 10.1.1.1 (Serial0/0/0), and
the destination is 10.2.2.1. For the EAST router, the tunnel source is 10.2.2.1 and the destination is
10.1.1.1.
WEST# show interfaces tunnel 0
Tunnel0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is Tunnel
Internet address is 172.16.12.1/30
MTU 17916 bytes, BW 100 Kbit/sec, DLY 50000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation TUNNEL, loopback not set
Keepalive not set
Tunnel source 10.1.1.1 (Serial0/0/0), destination 10.2.2.1
Tunnel Subblocks:
src-track:
Tunnel0 source tracking subblock associated with Serial0/0/0
Set of tunnels with source Serial0/0/0, 1 member (includes iterators), on
interface <OK>
Tunnel protocol/transport GRE/IP
Key disabled, sequencing disabled
Checksumming of packets disabled
Tunnel TTL 255, Fast tunneling enabled
Tunnel transport MTU 1476 bytes
Tunnel transmit bandwidth 8000 (kbps)
Tunnel receive bandwidth 8000 (kbps)
Last input 00:00:12, output 00:00:12, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:01:29
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/0 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 packets input, 620 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicasts)
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
5 packets output, 620 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
c. Ping across the tunnel from the WEST router to the EAST router using the IP address of the tunnel
interface.
WEST# ping 172.16.12.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/34/36 ms
d. Use the traceroute command on the WEST to determine the path to the tunnel interface on the EAST
router. What is the path to the EAST router?
_____________________________________________________ 172.16.12.1 > 172.16.12.2
WEST# traceroute 172.16.12.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 172.16.12.2
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
1 172.16.12.2 20 msec 20 msec *
e. Ping and trace the route across the tunnel from the EAST router to the WEST router using the IP address
of the tunnel interface.
What is the path to the WEST router from the EAST router? ____________________________________
172.16.12.2 > 172.16.12.1
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
b. Configure OSPF process ID 1 using area 0 on the EAST router for the 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.12.0/24
networks.
EAST(config)# router ospf 1
EAST(config-router)# network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
EAST(config-router)# network 172.16.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
What is the exit interface and IP address to reach the 172.16.2.0/24 network?
____________________________________________________________________________________
The tunnel 0 interface with an IP address of 172.16.12.2 is used to reach 172.16.2.0/24.
b. From the EAST router issue the command to verify the route to 172.16.1.0/24 LAN on the WEST router.
What is the exit interface and IP address to reach the 172.16.1.0/24 network?
____________________________________________________________________________________
The tunnel 0 interface with an IP address of 172.16.12.1 is used to reach 172.16.1.0/24.
EAST# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
Reflection
1. What other configurations are needed to create a secured GRE tunnel?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
IPsec can be configured to encrypt the data for a secured GRE tunnel.
2. If you added more LANs to the WEST or EAST router, what would you need to do so that the network will use
the GRE tunnel for traffic?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
The new networks would need to be added to the same routing protocols as the tunnel interface.
Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2
1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many
interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router
class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device.
The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An
example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be
used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.
Device Configs
Router WEST
WEST# show run
Building configuration...
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 15
!
ip cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Tunnel0
ip address 172.16.12.1 255.255.255.252
tunnel source Serial0/0/0
tunnel destination 10.2.2.1
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
clock rate 128000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
router ospf 1
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.16.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.2
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
banner motd ^C
Unauthorized Access Prohibited.
^C
!
line con 0
password 7 14141B180F0B
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 05080F1C2243
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
!
end
Router ISP
ISP# show run
Building configuration...
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
clock rate 128000
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
banner motd ^C
Unauthorized Access Prohibited.
^C
!
line con 0
password 7 02050D480809
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 045802150C2E
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
Router EAST
EAST# show run
Building configuration...
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Tunnel0
ip address 172.16.12.2 255.255.255.252
tunnel source 10.2.2.1
tunnel destination 10.1.1.1
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
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Lab – Configuring a Point-to-Point GRE VPN Tunnel
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
!
router ospf 1
network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.16.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.2.2.2
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
banner motd ^C
Unauthorized Access Prohibited.
^C
!
line con 0
password 7 00071A150754
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 030752180500
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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