EXERCISES 1 (30)

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GSM SYSTEM SURVEY

LIST OF EXERCISES

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE

TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND GSM 3

CHAPTER 2A: OVERVIEW OF ERICSSON’S GSM SYSTEMS 5

CHAPTER 2B: OVERVIEW OF ERICSSON’S GSM SYSTEMS 7

CHAPTER 3A: WIRELESS CONCEPTS & CHAPTER 4A: CHANNEL

CONCEPTS 9

CHAPTER 3B: WIRELESS CONCEPTS & CHAPTER 4B: CHANNEL

CONCEPTS 11

CHAPTER 5: INTRODUCTION TO AXE 15

CHAPTER 6: SWITCHING SYSTEM 17

CHAPTER 7: BASE STATION SYSTEM 19

CHAPTER 8: MOBILE STATIONS 21

CHAPTER 9A: TRAFFIC CASES 23

CHAPTER 9B: TRAFFIC CASES 29

GROUPWORK CHAPTER 9: 31

CHAPTER 10: CELL PLANNING 33

CHAPTER 11: OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS 35

 EXERCISES 2 (30)
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CHAPTER 12A: SUBSCRIBER SERVICES 37

CHAPTER 12B: SUBSCRIBER SERVICES 39

CHAPTER 13: CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING 41

APPENDIX C: CASE STUDY 43

 EXERCISES 3 (30)
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND

GSM

1.

1. Down
2.
1. This type of roaming is
one of the key benefits of
GSM. (13)
3. 4.
4. This system contains the
MSC, VLR, AUC, EIR
5. and HLR. (9)

6. 7. 6. The area controlled by

8.
one network operator
(abbreviation). (4)
9.
9. The BSC manages all the
10. ______-related funcitons
11. of a network. (5)

12. 13. 11. The smallest area of

defined coverage in a
network. (4)

Across 7. Body in charge of the 12. The MS is power off and

GSM standard not connected to the
2. The “T” of BTS. (11) (abbreviation). (4) network. (8)

3. Radio ______________ 8. This is the area in which 13. The world’s most popular
carry information to and an MS is paged. (8) digital mobile standard
from MSs. (11) (abbreviation). (3)
10. This is the process of
5. This allows products from trying to contact an MS
different suppliers to be during call setup. (6)
interconnected. (8)
 EXERCISES 4 (30)
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 EXERCISES 5 (30)
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CHAPTER 2A: OVERVIEW OF ERICSSON’S GSM SYSTEMS

1. Which Ericsson product is a BTS part of?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

2. What network management product is Ericsson’s OSS based on?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

3. Name any two of the most important management areas defined by TMN.

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

4. What Ericsson product is used to implement a message center?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

5. Briefly explain the function of the Service Order Gateway (SOG).

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________
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 EXERCISES 7 (30)
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CHAPTER 2B: OVERVIEW OF ERICSSON’S GSM SYSTEMS

1. What is the task of the Gateway?

_______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

2. What is the main task of the Mobile services Switching Centre (MSC)?

________________________________________________________

3. What type of information is stored in the Home Location Register (HLR) and
the Visitor Location Register (VLR)? What is the main difference?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

4. What is the task of the Authentication Centre (AUC)?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

5. What is a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)? What is it used for?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

6. Which node is to be informed if A) the Mobile Equipment B) the SIM-card is

stolen?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

7. Which node does not belong to the Switching System?

A) AUC B) BSC C) MSC

8. True and false about the Base Station Controller (BSC) and The Base
Transceiver Station (BTS):

a) The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) decides when to do a handover.

___________________

b) The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) handles the radio connection in a cell.
 EXERCISES 8 (30)
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___________________

9. Can more than one Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) exist in the same
area?

_________________________________________________________

10. Can a Location Area (LA) belong to more than one Base Station Controller
(BSC)?

__________________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 9 (30)
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CHAPTER 3A: WIRELESS CONCEPTS & CHAPTER 4A: CHANNEL

CONCEPTS

1.

1. 2. 3. Down
4.
1. The access method used
in GSM (abbreviation). (4)

5. 6. 7. 2. This term describes the

amount of frequency
range allocated to one
8. application. (9)

3. This step in the

9. transmission process
does not add bits, but
reduces the BER. (12)
10. 11.
6. It may be physical or
12. logical. (7)

11. This term describes the

direction from the MS to
13.
the network. (6)

Across 7. The term for two-way 10. There are 8 of these on

communication. (6) one frame. (4,4)
4. GMSK is the _________
scheme used in GSM. 8. This problem is caused 12. This is the process of
(10) by obstacles on the radio placing logical channels
path. (9) onto physical channels.
5. This type of channel is (7)
carried on a physical 9. Time ________ is solved
channel. (7) by timing advance. (9) 13. Space and polarization
are two types of this. (9)
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 EXERCISES 11 (30)
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CHAPTER 3B: WIRELESS CONCEPTS & CHAPTER 4B: CHANNEL

CONCEPTS

1. Which frequency band does the Mobile Station (MS) use for A) ransmission
to B) reception from the Base Transceiver Station (BTS)?

___________________________________________________________

2. Which frequency does the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) use for
transmission on the downlink if it uses 905 MHz for reception on the uplink?

_______________________________________________________

3. Which is the next higher frequency in GSM to 905 MHz?

_______________________________________________________

4. What is the main difference between Frequency Division Multiple Access

(FDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

5. Combine each statement with the proper digit from the selection below:

A) There are _______ duplex carriers in GSM.

B) Each carrier is shared by up to _______ users.

C) Information is sent in frames which last _______ ms.

D) Each frame is divided into 8 Time Slots, each with a duration of _____ms.

E) In each Time Slot _______ bits are sent.

F) Each bit takes _______ µs to transmit.

G) The total transmission rate is _______ kbit/s.

0.577 3.7 4.615 8 13 45 124 125 148 200 270 890 915 935 960

6. What is A) a physical channel B) a logical channel?

A) ___________________________________________________________

B) ___________________________________________________________
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7. In GSM there are _____ different logical channels. _____ of them are

control channels and _____ of them are traffic channels.

8. Combine the descriptions with the corresponding group of control channels:

A) Two-way communication between Mobile Stations (MS) and the network.

_________

B) General information about the network. _________

C) Announcements of calls to and from Mobile Stations (MS). ________

1) Broadcast Channels 2) Common Control Channels 3) Dedicated Control

Channels

9. On which control channels are the following types of information sent?

A) Call set up. ________________________________________________

B) Paging messages. __________________________________________

C) Measurement reports. _______________________________________

D) TDMA-frame number. _______________________________________

E) Signalling channel assignments. _______________________________

F) Location Area Identity (LAI). ___________________________________

10. Why is it not possible to use the Slow Associated Control Channel
(SACCH) for handover? Which control channel is used instead?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

11. Which of the following logical channels are always mapped on carrier zero
(c0) time slot zero (TS0) on the downlink?

FCCH SCH BCCH PCH RACH AGCH SDCCH SACCH FACCH TCH
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12. How many traffic channels are there in a cell with A) one carrier B) three
carriers?

A) _________________________________________________________

B)__________________________________________________________

13. What is the benefit of having an offset between Time Slots on the up- and
downlink?

____________________________________________________________

14. What is a burst?

____________________________________________________________

15. What different types of bursts are there?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

16. How long does A) a normal burst B) a Time Slot last? What is the time
difference called?

____________________________________________________________

17. What is special with the access burst? Why?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 14 (30)
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 EXERCISES 15 (30)
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CHAPTER 5: INTRODUCTION TO AXE

1. Fill in the missing word:

The key factor in the success of AXE is ___________.

2. Complete the following:

In AXE 10, a number of subsystems comprise the Switching System called

_____ and a Control System called _____.

3. Give the full names of each of the following AXE subsystems:

CCS____________________________________________________

CHS____________________________________________________

TCS____________________________________________________

GSS____________________________________________________

HRS____________________________________________________

MSS____________________________________________________

TSS____________________________________________________

4. Match the most appropriate description on the right with the subsystem on
the left.

A) DTS 1) Provides maintenance functions for supervision of the

exchange

B) MDS 2) Handles all aspects of SMS

C) NMS 3) Provides trunk links to other exchanges

D) TSS 4) Assists network management by provision of statistics and

control of traffic

E) OMS 5) Provides packet mode services for ISDN traffic

F) SHS 6) Administers VLR data

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) - ____ E) - ____ F) - ____

 EXERCISES 16 (30)
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5. What is meant by each of the following terms?

CP_____________________________________________________

RP_____________________________________________________

GS_____________________________________________________

ECPOOL________________________________________________

________________________________________________________
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CHAPTER 6: SWITCHING SYSTEM

1. Which are the four subsystems that turn an AXE exchange into an MSC?

A)________________________________________________________

B)________________________________________________________

C)________________________________________________________

D)________________________________________________________

2. During which type of calls is gateway functionality used?

__________________________________________________________

3. Identify the nodes of a GSM network with which the HLR must
communicate?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

4. Which of the following statements are true and which are false?

• The ILR enables intersystem roaming between GSM and any other mobile

standard.__________

• The ILR enables roaming from GSM 1900 to AMPS. _____________

• The ILR is available for CMS 40 networks only.____________

5. What is a triplet, where is it generated and what is its purpose?

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

6. When ciphering is being performed, where does the MS get the Kc from?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

7. In which order do the security functions - ciphering, authentication and

allocation of temporary identity - occur?
 EXERCISES 18 (30)
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________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

8. Identify three potential uses of an MC.

A)_______________________________________________________

B)_______________________________________________________

C)_______________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 19 (30)
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CHAPTER 7: BASE STATION SYSTEM

1.

1. Down
2. 3. 4. 5.
1. One of the primary
6. functions of the TRC is
rate ____________. (10)

3. This is one of the types

7.
of network topologies
supported by DXU. (7)

4. The RBS 2101 and 2102

8. 9.
are suitable for location
here. (7)

5. This term describes a cell

10. 11. with a small coverage
area. (5)

6. The “S” of RBS. (7)

12.
9. Both the BSC and TRC
are based on this
Ericsson platform. (3)

11. This is the traditional

Across 10. The “B” of BSC. (4) network topology
available with BTSs. (4)
2. This term describes a cell 12. This is Ericsson’s product
with a large coverage which implements the
area. (5) BTS functions
(abbreviation). (3)
7. The “T” of TRC. (10)

8. The TRC adapts this. (4)

 EXERCISES 20 (30)
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 EXERCISES 21 (30)
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CHAPTER 8: MOBILE STATIONS

1. What are the two main components of an MS?

A)_____________________________________________________

B)_____________________________________________________

2. Mark the following statements as being true or false:

• A vehicle-mounted MS outputs more power than a hand-held MS____

• All class 3 MSs are hand-held_____

• No calls can be made from a MS unless a valid SIM is present____

• The mobile equipment stores the subscriber authentication key (Ki)____

3. Name the two main types of SIM:

A)_______________________________________________________

B)_______________________________________________________

4. List any 5 items of information that must be stored on a SIM:

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

5. If a SIM is blocked, what code must be entered into the MS to unblock it?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 22 (30)
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6. Mark the following MS features as being mandatory or optional:

• International access function ( “+” key)____

• Display of called number____

• Country/PLMN indication____

• Short message indication and acknowledgment____

• DTE/DCE interface____

• Dual Tone Multi Frequency function (DTMF)____

7. How long is the maximum distance between the devices when you use
Bluetooth?

_______________________________________________________

8. What is WAP?

_______________________________________________________
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CHAPTER 9A: TRAFFIC CASES

1. Match the mobile identity on the left with the most appropriate description on
the right.

A) MSISDN 1) Unique permanent identity used for identification of

subscribers through the network and over the radio path

B) IMSI 2) Identifies a mobile telephone subscription in the PSTN

numbering plan

C) IMEI 3) Identifies individual cells within an LA

D) IMEISV 4) Identifies zones used in regional subscriptions

E) MSRN 5) Enables MSs to distinguish between different

neighboring base stations

F) CGI 6) Identifies MS equipment and software running on MS

G) BSIC 7) Temporary network identity assigned by the MSC/VLR

after a request from the HLR during call set-up

H) RSZI 8) Uniquely identifies MS equipment

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) - ____

E) - ____ F) - ____ G) - ____ H) - ____

2. Fill in the missing identity numbers in the following steps from a call from a
PSTN subscriber to a mobile subscriber:

The PSTN subscriber first dials the _____-number to reach MS. A connection
is set up from the PSTN network to the Gateway MSC. The HLR translates

______ into _____ and determines which MSC/VLR that is serving the MS.

The HLR requests a _____ from the MSC/VLR where the called subscriber is
currently located.
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3. Number the following steps in the order they would appear in a call from a
PSTN subscriber to a mobile subscriber.

• The GMSC routes the call to the MSC_______

• The MSC contacts the MS via the BSC and the BTS by sending a page

request______

• The BSC selects a traffic channel and then orders the MS to tune to this
traffic channel. The MS generates a ringing signal and when the

subscriber answers the speech connection is established_______

• The PSTN subscriber dials the mobile subscriber’s number. The GMSC

receives the call_______

• The MSC checks the VLR for the LA of the MS______

• The MS responds______

• The GMSC queries the HLR for the information needed to route the call to

the serving MSC/VLR______

4. Fill in the blank.

To choose the best target call for handover, the mobile station and the BTS

take measurements on the radio signal ________ in the current cell and in
neighboring cells.
 EXERCISES 25 (30)
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5. Match the following terms to the correct description:

A) MS purge 1) The action of moving around and changing

the connection over the air interface.
B) MS active 2) This function is used to inform the HLR that
the VLR is about to remove a subscriber
record from the VLR.
C) Location 3) The MS does not answer paging messages,
updating there is no contact between the MS and the
network.
D) Roaming 4) When a call or call set up procedure is
taking place.
E) MS detached 5) The MS informs the network that it has
entered a new location area.

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) - ____ E) - ____

6. Which procedures are illustrated in the diagrams below?

Procedure 1:

2.
3.
1. 4.
2.
H LR
3.

4. VLR
BSC M SC

1 . M S lis t e n s t o B C C H
2 . E s t a b lis h m e n t o f a c o n n e c t io n
3 . L o c a tio n u p d a tin g r e q u e s t a n d lo c a t io n u p d a tin g in V L R ( a n d H L R if n e e d e d )
4 . L o c a tio n u p d a tin g a c k n o w le d g e d
 EXERCISES 26 (30)
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Procedure 2:

GSM/PLMN PSTN
3.
5.
1. Local 1.
HLR 2. GMSC
exchange

5.
6.
4.
MSC/VLR

7. 11.

BSC/TRC
8.

11.
8.
10.
9.
8.

8.
9.
10.
11.

7. Which of the following statements are true and which are false?

• Handover between cells controlled by different MSC/VLRs can only be

performed within one PLMN.____

• Cells controlled by different MSC/VLRs are controlled by the same

BSCs.____

• The IMSI detach procedure enables the MS to indicate to the network that

it is switched on.____

8. List three reasons for attempting a handover.

A)________________________________________________________

B)________________________________________________________

C)________________________________________________________
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9. Fill in the missing steps in the procedure for call set-up from an MS to the
PSTN:

1) The MS uses Random Access CHannel (RACH) to ask for a signaling

channel.

2)________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

3) The MS sends a call set-up request via SDCCH to the MSC/VLR.

4)_________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

5)_________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

6) If the B-subscriber answers, the connection is established.

 EXERCISES 28 (30)
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 EXERCISES 29 (30)
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CHAPTER 9B: TRAFFIC CASES

1. Combine the statements below with the correct choice of Mobile Station
ISDN Number (MSISDN) or International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI):

A) The number you dial when calling the mobile subscriber. __________

B) The number used by the system to identify the mobile subscriber. _____

C) Always stays the same. __________

D) May differ depending on where it is used. __________

2. True or false about Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI):

A) Uniquely identifies a mobile subscriber. ____

B) Used to protect the identity of the mobile subscriber. ____

C) More efficient than IMSI when paging a Mobile Station (MS). ____

D) Corresponds to a telephone number in the fixed network. ____

3. What is the Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN) used for?

________________________________________________________

4. Why is it not possible to use the International Mobile Subscriber Identity

(IMSI) to identify the Mobile Equipment (ME)? What is used instead?

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

5. What is the relationship between the Location Area Identity (LAI) and the
Cell Global Identity (CGI)?

_________________________________________________________

6. Which are the two parts of the Base station Identity Code (BSIC) and what
are they used for?

_________________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 30 (30)
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 EXERCISES 31 (30)
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GROUPWORK CHAPTER 9:

1. Traffic cases (ca 1.5h)

The participants work in groups with one traffic case per group (max 5
persons/group). They shall also have time to look through all other traffic cases
in order to be prepared when listening to other group’s presentations.

Each group will afterwards present a solution to their own task during about
5 minutes. (As role play, drawing, or using OH-projector.)

Pick from these :

A) Call from PSTN in Spain to Swedish MS in Spain.

B) Call from MS to PSTN in the same country.

C) Call from MS to MS in the same cell.

D) Handover between cells controlled by different BSCs but the same MSC.

E) Handover between cells controlled by different MSCs.

F) Traffic case: sending SMS from MS to MS.

G) Traffic case: a data call.

 EXERCISES 32 (30)
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 EXERCISES 33 (30)
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CHAPTER 10: CELL PLANNING

1.

1. 2. Down
3. 4.
1. The “H” of HCS. (12)
2. This type of cell does not
have 360 degrees
5. coverage from the
antenna. (6)
4. A frequency will
6. experience this type of
interference when the
7. same frequency is
8.
reused nearby. (9)
7. 4/12 is an example of a
9. cell _______. (7)
9. This location of the BTS
10. 11. is called a _____. (4)
11. This is a unit used to
measure traffic intensity.
12. 13. 14. (6)
12. This term defines the
15.
quality of service
16. (abbreviation). (3)

Across 8. A frequency will 14. This equipment can be

3. This causes the quality of experience this used during system
a call to be reduced. (12) interference if a similar implementation and
5. This term describes the frequency is nearby. (8) tuning (abbreviation). (4)
number of subscribers 10. This type of cell is 15. This type of cell has 360
which can be handled by operated from the same degrees coverage from
the network. (8) BTS as an underlaid cell. the antenna. (4)
6. A macro cell has large (8) 16. This is the first cell plan
_______ while a micro 13. The basic building block produced. (7)
cell has smaller _______. of a mobile network. (4)
(8)
 EXERCISES 34 (30)
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 EXERCISES 35 (30)
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CHAPTER 11: OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS

1. List the five functions of TMOS.

A)____________________________________________________

B)____________________________________________________

C)____________________________________________________

D)____________________________________________________

E)_____________________________________________________

2. Match the following abbreviations with their correct description:

A) OSS 1) The Ericsson management and operations support

solution for public telecommunications networks
B) TMN 2) The product name for Ericsson’s O&M system for
the GSM network
C) TMOS 3) International telecommunications standard

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____

3. Which of the following statements are true and which are false?

• All the different management application systems are built on the TMOS

product development platform (TDP)____

• NMC staff focus on long-term system-wide issues, whereas OMC staff

concentrate on short-term regional issues_____

4. Match the following OSS applications to the correct description:

A) Frequency 1) An application that assists the operator in

Allocation Support defining an optimal list of cells for handover
B) Cellular Network 2) An application that supports the operator to
Administration perform efficient frequency planning.
C) Neighboring Cell 3) A graphical map of the network which displays
Selection and alarms next to corresponding NEs
Handling
D) Network Alarm 4) An application that registers new cells and
Status Presentation maintains cell parameters.

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) - ____

 EXERCISES 36 (30)
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5. Once a problem is identified, what application is used for detailed

performance analysis to find the cause of the problem?

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 37 (30)
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CHAPTER 12A: SUBSCRIBER SERVICES

1. Give brief descriptions of what is meant by each of the following terms:

A) Basic services: _____________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

B) Supplementary services: _____________________________________

___________________________________________________________

C) Teleservices: ______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

D) Bearer services: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

2. Mark the following services as being teleservices (T), bearer services (B) or
supplementary services (S):

• Closed User Group (CUG) ____

• Calling line identification ____

• Emergency calls ____

• Facsimile group 3 ____

• Multiparty service ____

• SMS cell broadcast ____

• Traffic to PSTN ____

• Speech ____

• Call waiting ____

• Voice mail ____

• Traffic to ISDN ____

• Barring of outgoing calls ____

• Advice of charge ____

 EXERCISES 38 (30)
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3. Match the Ericsson innovation feature on the left with the most appropriate
description on the right.

A) Single personal number 1) Allows the use of different tariff regions

B) Dual numbering 2) Also known as ’Hot billing’

C) Immediate call itemization 3) Allows subscriber to arrange call

forwarding to other networks

D) Geographical differentiated 4) Allows two accounts to be connected to

charging the same subscription

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) – ____

 EXERCISES 39 (30)
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CHAPTER 12B: SUBSCRIBER SERVICES

1. What is the main difference (apart from the message length) between Short
Message Service (SMS) and SMS-Cell broadcast?

____________________________________________________________

2. What is Voice Mail?

____________________________________________________________

3. Which Supplementary Services can cause a call attempt from a Mobile

Station (MS) to fail?

____________________________________________________________

4. Which of the Ericsson Mobile IN Services can cause a call attempt to a

Mobile station (MS) to fail?

____________________________________________________________

5. Which of the Ericsson Innovative Features are independent of the Mobile

Stations (MS) location?

____________________________________________________________

6. Why can it be useful to bar incoming calls while roaming outside the home
Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)?

____________________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 40 (30)
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 EXERCISES 41 (30)
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CHAPTER 13: CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING

1. Name the two main components on which the GSM network tariff structure
is based.

A)______________________________________________________

B)______________________________________________________

2. Match the different call component on the left with the most appropriate
description on the right.

A) Originating call 1) The part of the call from the GMSC or

component MSC/VLR to the MS pointed to by a
"forwarded-to" number

B) Roaming call 2) This component may be included as part of

forwarding component the originating, roaming and/or call forwarding
component

C) Call forwarding 3) The part of a mobile call from the MSC/VLR

component to the MS pointed to by the MSISDN

D) Terminating call 4) The part of the call from the home PLMN to
component the MSC/VLR pointed to by the MSRN

E) Transiting call 5) The part of the call from the serving

component MSC/VLR to the mobile subscriber

A) - ____ B) - ____ C) - ____ D) - ____ E) - ____

3. Fill in the blank.

All charging within a PLMN is performed using ______________.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________
 EXERCISES 42 (30)
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 EXERCISES 43 (30)
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APPENDIX C: CASE STUDY

1. Given the predictions for Peertel’s network growth, calculate how many cells
will be required to serve the 1,096,000 subscribers Peertel expects to have
after five years of successful operation.

• Number of subscribers: 1,096,000

• Available frequencies: 48

• Cell pattern: 4/12

• GOS: 2%

• Traffic per subscriber: 25mE

Therefore:

• Frequencies per cell = ______________

• Traffic channels per cell = ________________

• Traffic per cell = ________________

• The number of subscribers per cell = _______________

• If there are 1,096,000 subscribers then the number of cells needed is =

_______________
 EXERCISES 44 (30)
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2. Given the predictions for Peertel’s network growth and using the results of
question 1 above, briefly identify how many network nodes will be required to
meet the demands of subscriber’s after five years of successful operation. This
plan should be based on Peertel achieving its expected results only. Use only
the nodes listed below.

Assumptions:

• The storage capacity of a stand-alone HLR is limited to 500,000 subscribers

• The storage capacity of an MSC/VLR is 125,000 subscribers

• The traffic handling capability of an MSC/VLR is 2,300 Erlang

• The traffic handling capability of an BSC/TRC is 2,000 Erlang

• One OMC can handle 3 MSC/VLRs and connected BSS equipment

• One BSC/TRC can control a maximum of 256 BTSs

Node Number

MSC/VLRs

BSC/TRCs

BTSs

HLRs

OMCs

3. Make a recommendation of which additional nodes (i.e. not on the above

list) Peertel should include in its network after five years of successful
operation. The recommendation should consider addition of data and value-
added services.

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________